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This article discusses the known pre-history and early history of the area corresponding to modern-day Hungary, and the peoples associated with this area. For an account of the more recent history of Hungary, see History of Hungary. See also the history of Europe, the history of present-day nations and states, Hungary before the Magyars, and Hungary. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ...
Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ...
This article deals with the history of the Kingdom of Hungary from the 10th century to c. ...
Ottoman Hungary or Muslim Hungary refers to the Turkish-Ottoman age of todays Hungary (1526 - 1699). ...
Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or Transilvania; Hungarian: ; German: ; Serbian: or Erdelj / Ердељ) is a historical region in the center of Romania. ...
Consequences of the Battle of Mohács, and the conquest of Buda in 1541 by the Ottomans: the Kingdom is partitioned. ...
This article describes the history of the Kingdom of Hungary between the 18th century and the early 20th century (1699 - 1919). ...
The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 was one of many revolutions that year and closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas. ...
Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ...
Flag Capital Budapest Language(s) Hungarian Government Socialist republic History - Established March 21, 1919 - Downfall August 6, 1919 The Hungarian Soviet Republic (Hungarian: Magyarországi Tanácsköztársaság) was a Communist regime established in Hungary from March 21 until August 6, 1919, under the leadership of Béla...
This article deals with the history of Hungary from March 1919 to May 1945. ...
// In Hungary, the Great Depression induced a drop in the standard of living and the political mood of the country shifted further toward the right. ...
The Peoples Republic of Hungary was the name used by Hungary from 1949 to 1989 during its Communist period. ...
Combatants Soviet Union; ÃVH (Hungarian State Security Police) Ad hoc local Hungarian militias Commanders Ivan Konev Various independent militia leaders Strength 150,000 troops, 6,000 tanks Unknown number of militia and rebelling soldiers Casualties 722 killed, 1,251 wounded[1] 2,500 killed 13,000 wounded[2] The Hungarian...
The military history of Hungary includes battles fought in the Carpathian Basin, nations occupying Hungary, and the military history of the Hungarian people regardless of geography. ...
// At the end of the 13th century, in a chronicle called Gesta Hungarorum, the notary of Hungarian King Béla explained his beliefs about the conquest of Hungary about 280 years earlier. ...
History of the Jews in Hungary concerns the Jews of Hungary and of Hungarian origins. ...
// Middle Ages Little is known about Hungarian music prior to the 11th century, when the first Kings of Hungary were Christianized and Gregorian chant was introduced. ...
This is an article about the history of Transylvania // Ancient History: Transylvania as the heartland of the Dacian state Dacian Kingdom, during the rule of Burebista, 82 BC Herodotus gives an account of the Agathyrsi, who lived in Transylvania during the 5th century BC. A kingdom of Dacia was in...
See also the history of Europe, the history of present-day nations and states, Hungary before the Magyars, and Hungary. ...
Stone Age Early palaeolithic Vértesszőlős, which contains pebble tools of Homo heidelbergensis, is the oldest archaeological site in Hungary. Mesolithic sites are rare, but start to appear after systematic surveys, especially in the Jászság area (Latin Jazygia) in northern Hungary (Jászberény). Neolithic settlement begins with the Körös culture, carbon-dated to around 6200 BC. The Middle Neolithic sees the Western Linear Pottery culture in Transdanubia and the Szatmar and Eastern Linear pottery (called "Alföld Linear Pottery" in Hungary) in the East, developing into Želiezovce (Slovakia) and Szakalhat and Bükk, respectively. The Late Neolithic Tisza culture is followed by the eneolithic Tiszapolgár and Bodrogkeresztúr cultures. VértesszÅ‘lÅ‘s is a village in Komárom-Esztergom county, Hungary. ...
Olduwan, earlier spelled Oldowan or sometimes Oldawan, is an anthropological designation for an industry of stone tools used by prehistoric hominids of the Lower Paleolithic. ...
Binomial name †Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo and the direct ancestor of Homo neanderthalensis in Europe. ...
This is a list of archaeological sites is sorted by country. ...
The Mesolithic (Greek mesos=middle and lithos=stone or the Middle Stone Age[1]) was a period in the development of human technology between the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods of the Stone Age. ...
There are several uses of the word survey, relating to two primary meanings: land surveying; and statistical surveys of people or other items, such as animals, organisations, or messages. ...
Jazygia (Jászság) within modern Hungary Jazygia in the 18th century within the Kingdom of Hungary Jászság or Jász (English: Jazygia) is a historical and geographical region in Hungary. ...
For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ...
The main church in the center of Jaszberény The horn of Lehel kept in Jászberény Jászberény is a city and market centre in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in Hungary. ...
// Linear pottery. ...
Želiezovce (German: (rare); Hungarian: ) is a town in Slovakia in the Nitra Region, in the Levice District, near the Hron river. ...
The Bükk Mountains are a section of the Carpathian Mountains, in northeastern Hungary. ...
An array of Neolithic artifacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools. ...
The Chalcolithic (Greek khalkos + lithos copper stone) period, also known as the Eneolithic or Copper Age period, is a phase in the development of human culture in which the use of early metal tools appeared alongside the use of stone tools. ...
Bodrogkeresztúr is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary. ...
Iron Age (c. 700 BC - 9 BC) There are no written issues from the Iron Age (700-500 BC), but some scholars try to identify people later mentioned in the written sources -- Dacians (generally considered to be the ancestors of the Romanians) east of the Tisza, and Illyrians (Pannonians) west of the Danube -- but this is highly speculative. The Celts came from the west around 450 BC, and they expanded over the whole of present-day Hungary in the Late Iron Age. The Pannonian (in the southwest) and Thracian presence also seems to have continued, however. Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ...
Dacian kingdom during the reign of Burebista, 82 BC The Dacians (Lat. ...
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. ...
Illyria (disambiguation) Illyrians has come to refer to a broad, ill-defined Indo-European[1] group of peoples who inhabited the western Balkans (Illyria, roughly from northern Epirus to southern Pannonia) and even perhaps parts of Southern Italy in classical times into the Common era, and spoke Illyrian languages. ...
This article is about the Danube River. ...
Celts, normally pronounced // (see article on pronunciation), is widely used to refer to the members of any of the peoples in Europe using the Celtic languages or descended from those who did. ...
Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 500s BC 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC - 450s BC - 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC Years: 455 BC 454 BC 453 BC 452 BC 451 BC - 450 BC - 449 BC 448 BC...
After 113 BC, the Celts in the northwest of this area were apparently the Boii, who were related to the Taurisos, who lived west from Pelso-lake (the present-day Balaton). In the first half of the 1st century BC, the Dacian king Burebista extended his rule over the Pannonian Plain, as far as present-day eastern Austria. He was fighting the Boii in present day southwestern Slovakia, and perhaps northern Hungary, around 60 BC. But Dacian expansion was then halted by the expansion of the Roman Empire. The Dacians for the most part ceased to occupy present-day Hungary by around the year 1 AD -- as did the Celts, more gradually, somewhat later. Boii (Latin plural, singular Boius; Greek Βοιοι) is the Roman name of an ancient Celtic tribe, attested at various times in Transalpine Gaul (modern France) and Cisalpine Gaul (northern Italy), as well as most anciently found in Pannonia (today Western Hungary), Bohemia, Moravia and western Slovakia. ...
Lake Balaton - Landsat satellite photo Lake Balaton (Slovak Blatenské jazero, meaning approximately muddy lake, probable origin of the name; German Plattensee), located in Hungary, is the largest lake of Central Europe with a surface area of 592 km². Its length is 77 kilometres and the width ranges from 4 to...
Alternate meanings: see Dacia (disambiguation) Dacia, in ancient geography the land of the Daci or Getae, was a large district of Central Europe, bounded on the north by the Carpathians, on the south by the Danube, on the west by the Tisa (Tisza river, in Hungary), on the east by...
Dacian Kingdom, during the rule of Burebista, 82 BC Burebista,[1] the greatest king of Dacia, ruled between 70 BC and 44 BC. He unified the Thracian population from Hercynia (todays Moravia) in the west, to the Bug River in the east, and from the northern Carpathians to Dionysopolis...
The Pannonian Plain is a large plain in Central Europe that remained when the Pliocene Pannonian Sea (see below) dried out. ...
For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Roman period (9 BC - c. 4th century) The Roman Empire subdued the Pannonians, Dacians, Celts and other peoples in this territory. The territory west of the Danube was conquered by the Roman Empire between 35 and 9 BC, and became a province of the Roman Empire under the name of Pannonia. The easternmost parts of present-day Hungary were later (106 AD) organized as the Roman province of Dacia (lasting until 271). Because Roma pay tribute (86-100 AD) to the 'daak' tribe leader Decebalus. The territory between the Danube and the Tisza was inhabited by the Sarmatian Iazyges between the 1st and 4th centuries AD, or even earlier (earliest remains have been dated to 80 BC). The Roman Emperor Trajan officially allowed the Iazyges to settle there as confederates. The remaining territory was in Thracian (Dacian) hands. In addition, the Vandals settled on the upper Tisza in the 2nd half of the 2nd century AD. For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...
Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ...
Dacia, in ancient geography the land of the Daci, named by the ancient Greeks Getae, was a large district of Southeastern Europe, bounded on the north by the Carpathians, on the south by the Danube, on the west by the Tisa, on the east by the Tyras or Nistru, now...
Decebalus, from Trajans Column Decebalus (ruled 87 – 106) (Decebal in Romanian) was a Dacian king. ...
Sarmatian Cataphract Sarmatians, Sarmatae or Sauromatae (the second form is mostly used by the earlier Greek writers, the other by the later Greeks and the Romans) were a people whom Herodotus (4. ...
The Iazyges (Jazyges is an orthographic variant) were a nomadic tribe. ...
Ordinary Magistrates Extraordinary Magistrates Titles and Honors Emperor Politics and Law This article discusses the nature of the imperial dignity, and its dynastic development throughout the history of the Empire. ...
This article is about the Roman Emperor. ...
Vandal and Vandali redirect here. ...
The four centuries of Roman rule created an advanced and flourishing civilization. Many of the important cities of today's Hungary were founded during this period, such as Aquincum (Óbuda, now part of Budapest), Sopianae (Pécs), Arrabona (Győr), Salva (Esztergom), Savaria (Szombathely) and Scarbantia (Sopron). Christianity spread in Pannonia in the 4th century, when it became the Empire's official religion. Location of the city within the Roman Empire The ancient city of Aquincum was situated on the North-Eastern borders of the Pannonia Province within the Roman Empire. ...
Óbuda (sometimes written in English as Obuda) was a historical city in Hungary. ...
For other uses, see Budapest (disambiguation). ...
46° 4′ 60″ N 18° 13′ 60″ E Pécs (approximate pronunciation: paych; Croatian Pečuh, German Fünfkirchen, Slovak Päťkostolie, Turkish Peçuy) is the fifth largest city of Hungary, located in the south-west of the country. ...
Pécs (Latin: Quinque Ecclesiae, Croatian: PeÄuh, German: Fünfkirchen, Serbian: PeÄuj or Печуј, Slovak: Päťkostolie, Turkish: Peçuy, Italian: Cinquechiese) is the fourth largest city of Hungary, located in the south-west of the country. ...
Raab redirects here. ...
Raab redirects here. ...
Basilica in Esztergom. ...
Szombathely (Latin: Savaria/Sabaria, German: Steinamanger, Croatian: Sambotel, Slovenian: Sombotel, Slovak: Kamenec, Serbian: Sombathelj or Сомбатхељ) is a city in Hungary. ...
Szombathely (Latin Savaria/Sabaria, German Steinamanger, Slovenian Sombotel) is a city in Hungary. ...
For the historical county in the Kingdom of Hungary named Sopron / Ödenburg, Sopron (county). ...
For the historical county in the Kingdom of Hungary named Sopron / Ödenburg, Sopron (county). ...
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The Age of Migrations (375 - ca. 800 AD) - See also: Migration Period
Pannonia before the Magyars In 375 AD, the nomadic Huns, most likely of diverse origin with a Turkic-speaking aristocracy, began invading Europe from the eastern steppes, instigating the Great Age of Migrations. In 380, the Huns penetrated into the Pannonian Basin, and remained an important factor in the region well into the 400s. Human migration denotes any movement of groups of people from one locality to another, rather than of individual wanderers. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 497 pixelsFull resolution (1145 × 711 pixel, file size: 1,013 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 497 pixelsFull resolution (1145 × 711 pixel, file size: 1,013 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...
The Huns were an early confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads. ...
The Turkic people are any of various peoples whose members speak languages in the Turkic family of languages. ...
The German term Völkerwanderung (lit. ...
A landscape from the Pannonian Basin - Farm on the Hortobágy, Hungary A landscape from the Pannonian Basin - Canal Danube-Tisa-Danube near the village of Rumenka, close to Novi Sad, Serbia The Pannonian Basin or Carpathian Basin is a large basin in Central Europe that remained when the Pliocene...
Around the same time (379-395), the Roman Empire allowed the groups of "barbarian" Goths, Alans, Huns, Marcomanni and Quadi to settle Pannonia, which still was a Roman territory. The Visigoths, Alans, Vandals and most of the Quadi and Marcomanni, however, left this territory around 400, and moved on to western and southern Europe. For other uses, see Barbarian (disambiguation). ...
This article is about the Germanic tribes. ...
The Alans, Alani, Alauni or Halani were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people, warlike nomadic pastoralists of varied backgrounds, who spoke an Iranian language and to a large extent shared a common culture. ...
The Marcomanni were a Germanic tribe, probably related to the Suebi or Suevi. ...
The Quadi were a smaller Germanic tribe, about which little definitive information is known. ...
The Huns, taking advantage of the departure of the Goths, Quadi, et al., created a significant empire in 423 based in Hungary. In 453 they reached the height of their expansion under the well-known conqueror, Attila the Hun. The empire collapsed in 455, when the Huns were defeated by the neighbouring Germanic tribes (such as the Quadi, Gepidi and Sciri). Events On the death of Honorius, the primicerius notariorum Joannes seizes the throne of the Western Roman Empire, and is declared emperor. ...
“Attila†redirects here. ...
March 16 - Valentinian III is murdered by former soldiers of Aëtius in revenge for Valentinians killing of Aëtius the previous year. ...
The Quadi were a smaller Germanic tribe, about which little definitive information is known. ...
...
The Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI) is an Iraqi political party; its support comes from the countrys Shia Muslim community and from their fellow religionists in neighbouring Iran. ...
The Gepidi (having lived to the east of the upper Tisza river since 260 AD) then moved into the eastern Carpathian Basin in 455. They ceased to exist in 567 when they were defeated by the Lombards and Avars (see below). ...
The Germanic Ostrogoths inhabited Pannonia, with Rome's consent, between 456 and 471. This article deals with the continental Ostrogoths. ...
In 476 the West Roman Empire was officially discontinued, although actual Roman influence in Pannonia had begun to decline as early as the arrival of the Huns nearly a century before. Events August - The usurper Basiliscus is deposed and Zeno is restored as Eastern Roman Emperor. ...
According to Carlo Tagliavini (in his Le origini delle lingue neolatine) the romanized Pannonian population survived for nearly four centuries around the lake Balaton in fortified settlement around the modern Keszthely, populated by skilled craftsmen. They originated the Keszthely culture, where a neolatin language (the Romance Pannonian language) was spoken. Theories about a particular ethnicity or even language of the Keszthely culture, however, are highly speculative and disputed. Lake Balaton - Landsat satellite photo Lake Balaton (Slovak Blatenské jazero, meaning approximately muddy lake, probable origin of the name; German Plattensee), located in Hungary, is the largest lake of Central Europe with a surface area of 592 km². Its length is 77 kilometres and the width ranges from 4 to...
Keszthely [] is an Hungarian town with 23. ...
Keszthely Culture The Keszthely culture was created by the romanized pannonians in the VI, VII and VIII centuries around the actual town of Keszthely, near the lake Balaton in actual western Hungary. ...
The Romance Pannonian language is an extinct language that was spoken in the romanized Pannonia after the fall of the Western Roman empire, until the X century. ...
The first Slavs came to the region, almost certainly from the north, soon after the departure of the Ostrogoths (471 AD). Along with the Lombards, they were to be the principal inhabitants of the territory until the arrival of the Avars. Distribution of Slavic people by language The Slavic peoples are a linguistic and ethnic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly in Europe, where they constitute roughly a third of the population. ...
The Lombards (Latin Langobardi, whence comes the alternative name Longobards found in older English texts), were a Germanic people originally from Northern Europe that entered the late Roman Empire. ...
Late Avar period Map showing the location of Avar Khaganate, c. ...
Around 530, the Germanic Lombards settled in Pannonia. They had to fight against the Gepidi and the Slavs. In 568, pushed out by the Avars, they moved into northern Italy. The Lombards (Latin Langobardi, whence comes the alternative name Longobards found in older English texts), were a Germanic people originally from Northern Europe that entered the late Roman Empire. ...
The nomadic Avars arrived from Asia in the 560s, utterly destroyed the Gepidi in the east, drove away the Lombards in the west, and subjugated the Slavs, partly assimilating them. The Avars, just as the Huns had decades before, established a big empire. This empire was destroyed around 800 by Frankish and Slavic attacks, and above all by internal feuds. The few remaining Avars were then quickly assimilated by the Slavs. Charlemagne (left) and Pippin the Hunchback. ...
Around 800, northeastern Hungary became part of the Principality of Nitra, which itself became part of Great Moravia in 833. Also, after 800, southeastern Hungary was conquered by Bulgaria, but was lost in 881 to Great Moravia. Western Hungary (Pannonia) was initially tributary to the Franks, but in 839 the Old-Slovak Balaton Principality was founded in southwestern Hungary, and in 883/884 the whole of western Hungary was conquered by Great Moravia. The advanced economic and political conditions of the Old Slovaks settled in the entire area (as well as that of the neighboring Germans) exerted a significant influence over the newly-arrived Magyars after 896. The Principality of Nitra or Nitrian Principality (Slovak: Nitrianske kniežatstvo, Nitriansko, Nitrava) was a principality in what is today Slovakia and some adjacent territories in present-day Hungary in the Middle Ages. ...
Great Moravia was an empire existing in Central Europe between 833 and the early 10th century. ...
Events End of the reign of caliph Al-Mamun Nimmyo succeeds Junna as emperor of Japan Creation of Great Moravia Births Deaths October 10 - al-Mamun, Abbasid caliph of Baghdad Categories: 833 ...
Events Charles the Fat is crowned western emperor Louis III routs Norman pirates at Saucourt_en_Vimeu Births Deaths Emperor Seiwa of Japan Heads of states France - Louis III, king of France (879_882) Categories: 881 ...
This article is about the Frankish people and society. ...
Map of the main part of the Balaton principality (parts of the Dudleb County, of the Ptuj County, of the whole former Principality of Etgar, as well as territories in the east of the Danube and in the south of the Drava are not shown on this map) The Balaton...
This article is about the Hungarian ethnic group. ...
Arrival of the Magyars (after 896) -
Main article: History of Hungary The first temporary raids of Magyars in this territory occurred in the 860s. It was only in 895/896 that the Magyars decided to cross the Carpathians permanently. The chieftain Árpád is traditionally said to be the person who led the seven Magyar tribes (including the Magyars proper) out of the steppes of Ukraine and into the Carpathian basin. These seven tribes later became the nucleus of the Kingdom of Hungary under Árpád's great-great-grandson, Stephen I of Hungary. Although Christianization of this territory began as early as in the 4th century AD, the newly-arrived Magyars were Christianized only at the end of the 10th century under Géza: this task was finished by Stephen I of Hungary, who was officially crowned king by the pope in 1000 AD. For a continuation and details, see History of Hungary. See also the history of Europe, the history of present-day nations and states, Hungary before the Magyars, and Hungary. ...
Ãrpád Ãrpád (c. ...
The Pannonian plain is a large plain in central/south-eastern Europe that remained when the Pliocene Pannonian Sea (see below) dried out. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Saint Stephen I (Hungarian: , Latin: , Slovak: , German: ; Esztergom, c. ...
Géza of Hungary (born around 940-945, died in 997) (possibly Gyécsa in Old Hungarian, Gejza in Slovak), was the fejedelem (ruling prince) of the Magyars from c. ...
See also the history of Europe, the history of present-day nations and states, Hungary before the Magyars, and Hungary. ...
See also Three Hungarian chronicles contain the early legends and history of the Huns, Magyars and Hungarians, the Anonymi Gesta Hungarorum (Anonymous Deeds of the Hungarians), Simon of Kézas Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum and the Vienna Illuminated Chronicle. ...
See also the history of Europe, the history of present-day nations and states, Hungary before the Magyars, and Hungary. ...
Explanatory note: This article was originally based on The Hungarian Old Country, written in Hungarian by professor István Kiszely, and translated into English by Csaba Hargita. ...
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