NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hurricane Carla

Hurricane Carla was one of two Category 5 tropical cyclones during the 1961 Atlantic hurricane season. It struck the Texas coast as a Category 4 hurricane, becoming one of the most powerful storms to ever strike the United States and the strongest ever to hit Texas. The storm caused over $2 billion (2005 US dollars) in damages, but due to the evacuation of over 500,000 residents the death toll was only 43. ^[1] The 1956 Atlantic hurricane season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. ... The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a scale classifying most Western Hemisphere tropical cyclones that exceed the intensities of tropical depressions and tropical storms, and thereby become hurricanes. ... Image File history File links Hurricane_carla_radar. ... Galveston redirects here. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Miles per hour is a unit of speed, expressing the number of international miles covered per hour. ... Kilometre per hour (American spelling: kilometer per hour) is a unit of both speed (scalar) and velocity (vector). ... A millibar (mbar, also mb) is 1/1000th of a bar, a unit for measurement of pressure. ... HPA means Physiology Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis: The hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands work together to regulate hormone levels and maintain homeostasis. ... Inches of mercury or inHg is a non SI unit for pressure. ... USD redirects here. ... The YucatÃ¡n peninsula as seen from space The YucatÃ¡n Peninsula, in Southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... The Central United States is a bridge region between the Eastern United States and Western United States. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... Category 5 can refer to either: Category 5 cable used for carrying data Category 5 computer virus as classified by Symantec Corporation for the most severe threat level. ... Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004 Hurricane and Typhoon redirect here. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... For other uses, see Texas (disambiguation). ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ...

Storm history

A tropical depression developed in the western Caribbean Sea on September 3 from a disturbance in the Intertropical Convergence Zone. It moved northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on the 5th and a hurricane on the 6th. After skimming the Yucatán Peninsula as a weak hurricane, Carla entered the Gulf of Mexico and headed for the U.S. Gulf Coast. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x705, 669 KB) Summary Hurricane Carla (1961) track. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x705, 669 KB) Summary Hurricane Carla (1961) track. ... Map of Central America and the Caribbean The Caribbean Sea (pronounced or ) is a tropical sea in the Western Hemisphere, part of the Atlantic Ocean, southeast of the Gulf of Mexico. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The thunderstorms of the Intertropical Convergence Zone form a line across the eastern Pacific Ocean. ... The YucatÃ¡n peninsula as seen from space The YucatÃ¡n Peninsula, in Southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico. ... Gulf of Mexico in 3D perspective. ... States that border the Gulf of Mexico are shown in red The Gulf Coast region of the United States comprises the coasts of states which border the Gulf of Mexico. ...

As it moved slowly across the Gulf of Mexico, Carla steadily strengthened to its peak of 175 mph (280 km/h) winds (Category 5 intensity) on September 11. Just before landfall, it weakened, but Carla was still a very strong and unusually large Category 4 hurricane at its landfall between Port O'Connor and Port Lavaca, Texas, on the 11th. At the time, Carla became the largest hurricane on record in the Atlantic basin.^[2] Along the entire Texas coast, hurricane warnings were put into effect, causing a large evacuation of low-lying areas. is the 254th day of the year (255th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a scale classifying hurricanes by the intensity of their sustained winds, developed in 1969 by civil engineer Herbert Saffir and National Hurricane Center director Bob Simpson. ... Official Port OConnor Chamber of Commerce Seal Port OConnor, Texas is the Best Kept Secret on the Texas Gulf Coast. ... Port Lavaca is a city located in Calhoun County, Texas. ...

Impact

Storm surge was measured at 22 feet (6.7 m) near the heads of bays, in some places penetrating 10 miles inland. Because of its large size, the entire Texas coast was affected, and damage was reported as far inland as Dallas. Sustained winds were reported to be 115 mph in Matagorda, 110 mph in Victoria and 88 mph in Galveston. Wind gusts as high as 170 mph were recorded at Port Lavaca. Pressure at landfall was measured at 931 mb (hPa), making it the eighth most intense hurricane to strike the United States in the 20th century. Then little-known newsman Dan Rather reported live from the Galveston Seawall during the storm, an act that would be imitated by later reporters. This marked the first live television broadcast of a hurricane. Impact of a storm surge A storm surge is an offshore rise of water associated with a low pressure weather system, typically a tropical cyclone. ... Dallas redirects here. ... Matagorda is an unincorporated community in Matagorda County, Texas (USA). ... Location in the state of Texas Coordinates: , Country State County Victoria Government - Mayor Will Armstrong Area - Total 33. ... Galveston redirects here. ... A millibar (mbar, also mb) is 1/1000th of a bar, a unit for measurement of pressure. ... HPA means Physiology Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis: The hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands work together to regulate hormone levels and maintain homeostasis. ... Daniel Irvin Rather, Jr. ...

Much of the damage was done well away from the landfall site, as Carla spawned one of the largest hurricane-related tornado outbreaks on record at the time, when 26 tornadoes touched down within its circulation.^[3] One F4 tornado ripped through downtown Galveston, killing several (sources differ on the exact number, varying from 6 to 12). Outside the protection of the Galveston Seawall, structures on the island were severely damaged by storm surge. Damage was reported as far east as the Mississippi River delta. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 600 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolutionâ€Ž (895 Ã— 894 pixels, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/gif) The NOAA emblem is the property of the U.S. Government and a trademark of the United States Department of Commerce. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 600 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolutionâ€Ž (895 Ã— 894 pixels, file size: 42 KB, MIME type: image/gif) The NOAA emblem is the property of the U.S. Government and a trademark of the United States Department of Commerce. ... This article is about the weather phenomenon. ... Galveston Seawall during construction The Galveston Seawall, USA, constructed in 1902, is a seawall that was built after the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 for protection from future hurricanes. ... For the river in Canada, see Mississippi River (Ontario). ...

As Carla weakened, it dropped heavy rain in the Midwest. The Midwest is a common name for a region of the United States of America. ...

Carla killed 43 people, 31 of them in Texas. The low death toll is credited to what was then the largest peacetime evacuation in US history. One half million residents headed inland from exposed coastal areas. Carla caused a total of $325 million (IS$2.03 billion in 2005) in damage.

Retirement

Owing to the intensity of and destruction by the storm the name Carla was retired and will never be used for an Atlantic hurricane again. It was replaced by Carol in the 1965 season. This is a list of all Atlantic hurricanes that have had their names retired. ... Atlantic hurricane refers to a tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean north of the equator, usually in the Northern Hemisphere summer or autumn. ... The 1965 Atlantic hurricane season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. ...

Notes and References

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a scientific agency of the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 9th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... David M. Roth is an American meteorologist who has done studies focusing on hydrometeorology, hurricanes, and subtropical cyclones. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 174th day of the year (175th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x662, 320 KB) http://eol. ... This is a list of notable tropical cyclones, subdivided by basin and reason for notability. ... This is a list of notable Atlantic hurricanes, subdivided by reason for notability. ... Hurricane Isabel viewed from space This is a list of all Atlantic hurricanes that have reached Category 5, the highest classification of tropical cyclone intensity on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. ... Gulf Stream currents (1943 map). ...

External links

Categories: 1961 meteorology | 1961 Atlantic hurricane season | Atlantic hurricanes | Category 5 tropical cyclones | Hurricanes in the United States | Retired Atlantic hurricanes | Texas hurricanes This is a list of all Atlantic hurricanes that have had their names retired. ... Hurricane Carol was a Category 2 hurricane that battered New England during the 1954 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Edna was a Category 3 hurricane that hugged the east coast before striking New England in mid-September, 1954. ... Lowest pressure â‰¤937 mbar (hPa)[1] Damage $381+ million (1954 USD)[2] $3â€“5 billion (2005 USD) Fatalities 600 â€“ 1,200 direct Areas affected Grenada, Haiti, Bahamas, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, Toronto and southern and eastern Ontario Part of the 1954 Atlantic hurricane... Hurricane Connie was the first in a series of hurricanes to strike North Carolina during the 1955 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Diane was one of three hurricanes to hit to North Carolina during 1955. ... Hurricane Ione was the third in a series of hurricanes to strike North Carolina during the 1955 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Janet was the most powerful hurricane of the 1955 Atlantic hurricane season and the 10th strongest Atlantic Hurricane of all time. ... Hurricane Audrey was a powerful hurricane that devastated coastal Louisiana in the USA during the 1957 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Gracie was a major hurricane that formed in September 1959, the strongest during the 1959 season. ... Lowest pressure â‰¤930 mbar (hPa) Damage $3. ... Hurricane Hattie was a powerful hurricane that hit Central America on Halloween, 1961. ... Hurricane Flora blasted through the Caribbean in September and October, 1963. ... This article is about the 1964 hurricane, there was also a Hurricane Cleo, which reached Category 5 but never hit land, during the 1958 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Dora was the first and only (to date) hurricane to make landfall on the coast of northeast Florida; more specifically, the metropolitan area of Jacksonville (however, Hurricane Donna in 1960 did produce hurricane-force winds in the Jacksonville area with its center just offshore). ... Hurricane Hilda was the third major hurricane to make landfall in the United States during the 1964 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Betsy was a powerful hurricane of the 1965 Atlantic hurricane season which caused enormous damage in the Bahamas, Florida, and Louisiana. ... Hurricane Inez began as a bundle of clouds, formed in the Atlantic Ocean in October 1966. ... Hurricane Beulah was a powerful Category 3 storm that sent 115 twisters across Texas in 1967. ... Lowest pressure 905 mbar (hPa; 26. ... ... Hurricane Agnes was the first tropical storm and first hurricane of 1972 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Carmen was the third named storm of the 1974 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Lowest pressure â‰¤971 mbar (hPa)[1] Damage $900 million (1974 USD) $3. ... Hurricane Eloise was the fifth tropical storm, fourth hurricane, and second major hurricane of the 1975 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Duration: Aug. ... Hurricane David was the fourth tropical cyclone, second hurricane, and first major hurricane of the 1979 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Frederic in 1979 was the one of the costliest hurricanes to ever hit the U.S. Gulf Coast. ... Hurricane Allen was the strongest hurricane of the 1980 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Hurricane Alicia was the only major hurricane of the 1983 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Lowest pressure 953 mbar (hPa; 28. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 1985; for other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Gloria (disambiguation). ... Lowest pressure 888 mbar (hPa; 26. ... ... Lowest pressure 918 mbar (hPa; 27. ... Hurricane Diana was the fourth named storm of the 1990 season. ... Duration: Oct. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 1991. ... Lowest pressure 922 mbar (hPa; 27. ... Duration: Aug. ... Hurricane Marilyn was the thirteenth named storm of the unusually busy 1995 Atlantic hurricane season, following closely on the heels of Hurricane Luis. ... Hurricane Opal was a major hurricane that formed in the Gulf of Mexico in September 1995. ... Lowest pressure 956 millibars, 28. ... Hurricane Cesar was the third named storm of the 1996 Atlantic hurricane season. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 1996; for other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Fran (disambiguation). ... Duration: Sept. ... Lowest pressure 937 mbar (hPa; 27. ... Lowest pressure 905 mbar (hPa; 26. ... Lowest pressure 921 mbar (hPa; 27. ... Lowest pressure 933 mbar (hPa; 27. ... Duration: Sept. ... 2 B C D E F G 9 H I J K L M N O Categories: | | | | | | | ... Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004 Hurricane and Typhoon redirect here. ... Duration: Oct. ... 2 B C D E F G 9 H I J K L M N O Categories: | | | | ... Hurricane Isidore was the ninth named storm out of twelve to hit during the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Lowest pressure 940 mbar (hPa) Damages $860+ million (2002 USD) $900+ million (2005 USD) Fatalities 14 direct, 2 indirect [1] Areas affected Windward Islands, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Louisiana Part of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season Hurricane Lili was a powerful hurricane during the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season that caused damage... Lowest pressure 939 mbar (hPa; 27. ... Hurricane Isabel was the ninth named storm, the fifth hurricane, the second major hurricane, and the only Category 5 hurricane of the 2003 Atlantic hurricane season. ... Lowest pressure 969 mbar (hPa; 28. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2004; for other storms named Hurricane Charley, see Hurricane Charley (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2004. ... This article deals with the 2004 Hurricane Jeanne. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. ... Lowest pressure 895 mbar (hPa)[1] Damages $10 billion (2005 USD)[1] Fatalities 7 direct, 113 indirect Areas affected Bahamas, Florida, Cuba, YucatÃ¡n Peninsula, Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, Arkansas Part of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season Hurricane Rita is the fourth-most intense Atlantic hurricane ever recorded and the most... Lowest pressure 977 mbar (hPa; 28. ... Lowest pressure 882 mbar (hPa; 26. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... Hurricane Esther - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... Hurricane Hattie was a powerful hurricane that hit Central America on Halloween, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The 1961 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1961, and lasted until November 30, 1961. ... The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a scale classifying most Western Hemisphere tropical cyclones that exceed the intensities of tropical depressions and tropical storms, and thereby become hurricanes. ...

Contents

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