Coordinates: 25°367′0″N, 68°367′0″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

This article is about Hyderabad, Pakistan. For other uses, see Hyderabad.

Hyderabad حيدر آباد
General Information
Province	Sindh
Altitude	13 metres AMSL
Calling code	0223 and 0222
Time zone	PST (UTC+5)
No. of Towns	4
Estimate	1,348,288 [1] 2006
Government
City Mayor (Nazim)	Kanwar Naveed Jamil
No. of Union Councils	20
Emblem
Website
The city government does not yet support e-Governance, although improvements have been suggested

Hyderabad pronunciation (help· info) or Haidarābād (Urdu/Sindhi: حيدر آباد) is located in the Sindh province of Pakistan (formerly known as Neroon Kot نيرُون ڪوٽ). Formerly the capital of Sindh and known as the city of perfumes, it is now a regional headquarter of the district of Hyderabad. Before the creation of Pakistan, it was known as the Paris of India, for its roads used to be washed with perfume every day. The regional and political boundaries stage the city as a district. Hyderabad may refer to: Hyderabad, India, the capital city of the state of Andhra Pradesh, India Hyderabad District, India Hyderabad state, the pre-1956 Indian state Hyderabad, Pakistan, the city in Sindh, Pakistan Hyderabad District, Pakistan External Links Hyderabad Portal This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated... Currently, Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces, two territories, and also portions of Kashmir that are administered by the Pakistani government. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... The term above mean sea level (AMSL) refers to the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of any object, relative to the average sea level. ... A telephone number is a sequence of decimal digits (0-9) that is used for identifying a destination telephone line in a telephone network. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Pakistan Standard Time (PST) is the time zone for Pakistan. ... UTC +5 is the timezone for : Pakistan Standard Time in Pakistan. ... A street in Ynysybwl, Wales, relatively stereotypical of a small town A town is usually an urban area which is not considered to rank as a city. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... now. ... Union Council Union Council is a sub part of a district, usually it is a large village also including the nearby small villages. ... Image File history File links Emblem_Pakistan. ... Image File history File links Hyderabad. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Sindhi refers to an ethnic group of people originating in Sindh which is part of present day Pakistan. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... Hyderābād   (Urdu: حیدر آباد), is located in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Hyderabad is a hot and humid city in the south of the nation and has been a staging point for literary campaign and a birthplace of many a poet. Rich with culture and tradition, the city is the largest bangle producer in the world and serves as a transit between the rural and the urban Sindh.

[edit] History

To learn more about History of Sindh, see History of Sindh

The Hyderbad Fort, still present today, is encroached by dwellers who have managed to inhabit the area with homes within. The late 1700s monument is in ailing state today.

Hyderabad is a city of Hillocks. Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of the Kalhora Dynasty founded the city in 1768. The Hyderabad city was then named Neroon Kot نيرون ڪوٽ; it was a small fishing village on the banks of River Indus and was called the heart of the Mehran. Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhora loved the city so much that in 1768, he ordered a fort to be built on one of the three hills of Hyderabad to house and defend his people. The fort since then is called the Pacco Qillo پڪو قلعو or the Strong fort. Sindh (Sind) (Sindhi: سنڌ ;Urdu: سندھ) is one of the provinces of Pakistan. ... Hyderabad Fort or the Pacca Qilla in 1845 Source: [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Hyderabad Fort or the Pacca Qilla in 1845 Source: [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Kalhora Dynasty or Kalhoro Dynasty (Urdu: کلہوڑا ) ruled Sindh, Pakistan. ... The Indus (sometimes considered a misnomer) is the English name for the Sengge Chu which flows from Tibet into Ladakh and Baltistan, finally arriving into Pakistan. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ...

After the death of the great Kalhoro, started the Talpur Rule. Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur left his capital Khudabad, the Land of God and made Hyderabad his capital in 1789. He made the Pacco Qillo his residence and also held his courts there. Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur along with his three other brothers were responsible for the affairs that persisted in the city of Hyderabad in the years of their kingdom. The four were called Char Yar, Sindhi for Four friends. Talpur is a Baloch tribe that conquered and ruled Sindh, and other parts of Pakistan, from 1783 to 1843 AD. Talpur army defeated Kalhora dynasty in the battle of Halani in 1783 to became rulers of Sindh. ...

An extremely rare photograph of Hyderabad from the late 1800s. The triangular structures on the rooftops are wind catchers, funnelling the cool breeze into the homes below, called a müg.

The Talpur rule lasted almost over 50 years and in 1843, Talpurs faced a greater threat. The British came face-to-face with the Talpurs at the Battle of Miani on 17^th February, 1843. It is said that even in rigor mortis the Ameers (Mirs - leaders) held their swords high fighting the British. The battle ended on 24^th March where the Mirs lost and the city came into the hands of the British. Image File history File links Hyderabad1800s. ... Image File history File links Hyderabad1800s. ... The Battle of Sindh (February 17, 1843) was a battle between British forces under Sir Charles Napier and the amirs of the now Pakistani region of Sindh. ... Rigor mortis is a recognizable sign of death that is caused by a chemical change in the muscles, causing the limbs of the corpse to become stiff (rigor) and impossible to move or manipulate. ... Emir (also sometimes rendered as Amir or Ameer, Arabic commander) is a title of nobility historically used in Islamic nations of the Middle East and North Africa. ... Mir (Мир, which can mean both world and peace in Russian) was a highly successful Soviet (and later Russian) orbital station. ...

The British demolished most of the buildings in order to accommodate their troops and their military stores. Hyderabad lost its glory. No longer were the roads covered with perfume. In 1857, when the First War of Indian Independence raged across the sub-continent, the British held most of their regiments and ammunition in this city. An engraving titled Sepoy Indian troops dividing the spoils after their mutiny against British rule gives a contemporary view of events from the British perspective. ...

The land, until the Partition of India, was occupied by the Sindhi Hindus. When the partition occurred, the Sindhi Hindus left Hyderabad to move towards India leaving their land and fortunes behind to promised land in the new-found Hindustan while the settlers from across the border coming to Hyderabad, known as the Mohajirs were given land mostly in the town of Hirabad. While the population of the people grew with the migration in progress, the Government proposed the creation of two more towns, namely Latifabad and Qasimabad. Britains holdings on the Indian subcontinent were granted independence in 1947 and 1948, becoming four new independent states: India, Burma (now Myanmar), Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and Pakistan (including East Pakistan, modern-day Bangladesh). ... Muhajir is an Arabic word, widely used in the Muslim world that refers to someone who has emigrated from one place to another. ... Hirabad is a neighbourhood in the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan that is older than the rest of the neighbourhoods in Hyderabad and lies in the eastern part of the city alongwith the Old City. ...

The 1980s saw a black period in the history of Hyderabad as riots erupted in the city between the two ethnic diversities in majority, the Sindhis and the Mohajirs. Bloodshed and murder reached extremes. The Sindhis retreated to settlements in Qasimabad and the Mohajirs settled down in Latifabad but the city has never been the same again, forever divided by ethnicity. 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Sindhi refers to an Indo-Aryan language speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating in Sindh which is part of present day Pakistan. ... Muhajir is an Arabic word, widely used in the Muslim world that refers to someone who has emigrated from one place to another. ...

For an in-depth view of the history of the city, see History of Hyderabad, Pakistan.

The city of Hyderābād traces its early history to Neroon, a Hindu ruler of the area from whom the city derived its previous name, Neroon Kot نيرون ڪوٽ. Neroon Kot literally means the place of Neroon. ...

[edit] Geography and Climate

Located at 25.367°N latitude and 68.367°E longitude with an elevation of 13m about sea-level, Hyderabad is located on the east bank of the Indus River and is roughly 150km away from Karachi, the capital of the province. Hyderabad is the second largest city in Sindh, eighth largest in Pakistan and 209th largest city of the world with respect to population. Its population estimates to 1,348,288 (as of 2000). Two of Pakistan's largest highways, the Indus Highway and the National Highway join at Hyderabad. // Definition Mean sea level (MSL) is the average height of the sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface. ... Karachi (Urdu: كراچى, Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan, sometimes known as the City of Light and the City of Quaid (شہرِ قائد), after Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... Indus Highway In 1988, the government of Pakistan announced its program of construction of Indus Highway (N-55): 1250km designated to provide alternative to existing National Highway (N-5): 1650 km linking Karachi with Peshawar via Lahore. ...

Several towns surrounding the city include Kotri 6.7km, Jamshoro 8.1km, Hattri 5km and Husri 7.5km. Kotri (کوٹری), a large town, (25o - 22’ north latitude, 68o – 22’ east longitudes) is the headquarter station of the Kotri taluka. ... Jamshoro is a small city in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Hyderabad has an extreme climate. The days are hot and dry usually going up to 40°C, whilst the nights are cool and breezy. Winds that blow usually bring along clouds of dust, and people prefer staying indoors in the daytime, but the breeze that flows at night is pleasant and clean.

[edit] Education

The city being a gateway between the rural Sindh and the Greater Sindh, attracts students from the lesser developed regions of Sindh.

The University of Sindh[1] is the dominant player in educational reforms since its inception in 1947. It was founded in Karachi and relocated to Hyderabad in 1951, only because the city was reinacted as the capital of the province of Sindh. It has 32 colleges affiliated with it. The University of Sindh is the second-oldest university in Pakistan. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Karachi (Urdu: كراچى, Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan, sometimes known as the City of Light and the City of Quaid (شہرِ قائد), after Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ...

Other universities include Isra University[2], Mehran Univerisity of Engineering and Technology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences and Superior College of Sciences. Isra University is located at Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Whilst people prefer to go to this technological and medical universities in the city, universities like the Sindh Agricultural University in Tando Jam are highly preferred as well. Tando Jam is a city located in Sindh, Pakistan, between Hyderabad and Mirpur Khas. ...

Hyderabad is home to a few museums that store the cultural heritage of this land of religious and ethnic diversity. The Institute of Sindhology Museum and the Sindh Museum are a haven for Sindhi enthusiasts in ethnological contexts. Whilst there a few libraries in the city, most of them are in a sad state.

[edit] Economy

Industries include textiles, cement, glass, soap, pottery, tanneries, and film. Handicraft industries, including silver and gold work, lacquerware, ornamented silks, and embroidered leather saddles, are also well established. Hyderabad produces almost all of the ornamental glass bangles in Pakistan. Hyderabad is a major commercial centre for the agricultural produce of the surrounding area, including millet, rice, wheat, cotton, and fruit. Bangles in Laad Bazaar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. ...

[edit] Towns and sub-divisions

The city of Hyderabad is divided into five sub-divided regions based on the ethnic diversity of people dwelling in it. The sub-divisions are mostly based upon areas of Sindhi and Mohajir majority.

• Northern Hyderabad and Jamshoro
• Old City and Hirabad
• Central City
• Latifabad
• Qasimabad

Northern Hyderabad refers to the northern parts of the city of Hyderabad comprising of Bhittai Nagar, Citizen Colony, Kalhora Colony and Mubarak Colony. ... Jamshoro is a small city in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. ... The Old City is the name given to parts in the east of the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan that were part of the city before the creation of Latifabad and Qasimabad. ... Hirabad is a neighbourhood in the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan that is older than the rest of the neighbourhoods in Hyderabad and lies in the eastern part of the city alongwith the Old City. ... The Central City is the main governing body of the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Latifabad is a town in the southern suburbs of the city of Hyderabad, in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Qasimabad is a town in the western suburbs of the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

[edit] Government

The current Mayor of the city also called the City Nazim is Kanwar Naveed, housed at Latifabad, whilst the City Naib Nazim is Zafar Ali Rajput, housed at Central City.

[edit] Transportation

Serving as a socio-economic crossroad to the lesser developed cities and towns in Sindh and linking and networking them with the bigger towns and cities in the nation, Hyderabad holds importance as a vital transportation link via every service. It can be reached by every mean of transportation, be it air, land, water or rail.

[edit] Airways

The city has a modestly good airport, now almost defunct. Pakistan International Airlines used to frequent it three flights a week. However, chartered flights can still land at the airport. The airport is located in the southern region of Latifabad. The airport in the days of its operation administered domestic flights to Karachi, Lahore, Dera Ismail Khan and Peshawar. Pakistan International Airlines (also referred to as PIA), is the national flag carrier of Pakistan and the national airline operating passenger and cargo services around the world. ... Latifabad is a town in the southern suburbs of the city of Hyderabad, in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Dera Ismail Khan (Urdu: ڈیرہ اسما عیل خان ) is city in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan. ...

[edit] Road network

Although Hyderabad has a decent road network, but most of the roads are undergoing construction at the time of writing. Hyderabad is deemed the most important milestone on the National Highway which passes through the city. The highway divides into Route N5 going southwest and M9 going north while it forks into the KLP (Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar) Road and the Hala Road. Over the years, the M9 has had massive construction work to include six lanes across its 136km span being the most used highway in Pakistan while the N5 has two lanes to cater its lesser traffic needs. Karachi (Urdu: كراچى, Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan, sometimes known as the City of Light and the City of Quaid (شہرِ قائد), after Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan. ... Lahore (Urdu: لاہور) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and the second most populated city in Pakistan, also known as the Gardens of the Mughals or City of Gardens, after the significant rich heritage of the Mughal Empire. ... Peshāwar (Pashto: پښور; Urdu:پشاور) literally means City on the Frontier in Persian and is known as Pai-khawar in Pashto. ...

For a list of highways and motorways across Pakistan, see Pakistan's Motorways

This list includes the major highways formally designated by the National Highway Authority of Pakistan as a National Highway or Motorway. // Motorways M-1 is from Islamabad to Peshawar. ...

[edit] Railways

Hyderabad is considered a major junction of Pakistan Railways, where railway lines proceed in at least three directions: northwards (up-country), southwards (down-country) and eastwards. The railway station is called the Hyderabad Junction and is located in the southern end of the Central City and the brink of the old. Pakistan Railways is the state-owned railway company of Pakistan. ... Hyderabad Junction is the name given to the railway station in the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

For a list of railways in Pakistan, see Pakistan Railways

Pakistan Railways is the state-owned railway company of Pakistan. ...

[edit] Waterways

With the city at the banks of the Indus River, the fishermen tend to use riverboats to fish and travel across the waters. Riverboats are not accessible to general public but local fishermen, in attempts of making money for their daily ration, sail people aboard their fishing ferries at Al-manzar, a restaurant at the banks of the Indus. The position of the Sindhu River in Iron Age Vedic India. ...

[edit] Demographics

[edit] People and culture

Hyderabad is noteworthy in Sindh and Pakistan generally for its relative tolerance; members of religious minorities such as Hindus and Christians are not in as much danger there as elsewhere in the country. However, there has been a history of conflict in Hyderabad between native Sindhis and the Mohajirs, the non-Sindhi Muslim refugees who entered Sindh from post-Partition India in 1947 and who were awarded the abandoned property left by the departing Sindhi Hindus; nowadays Sindhis and Mohajirs live in relative separation, in discrete sectors of Hyderabad. Muhajir or Mohajir (Arabic: مہاجر) is widely thought of as an Indo-Aryan ethnic group in Pakistan. ...

Native Sindhis live in majority in Qasimabad, while it is developing still. Having a lot of problems with drainage system. It has some famous areas like Naseem Nagar and Abdullah Blessing. On the other hand Mohajirs live in Latifabad one of there majorities. A large number of Memons having two sects namely Diplai from Thar Parker (Sindh) and Kathiawari from Gujrat (India) live isolated from other citizens. Many Shia Ismaili colonies exist; Ahmenabad and Mubarakh Colony, are one of the most prominent.

While Christians constitute 2% of the total population, Hyderabad is the seat of a Diocese of the Church of Pakistan and has five churches and a cathedral. Pope Pius XI blesses Bishop Stephen Alencastre as fifth Apostolic Vicar of the Hawaiian Islands in a Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace window. ... The Church of Pakistan is a protestant united church in Pakistan, which is part of the Anglican Communion. ...

[edit] Media

[edit] Radio

• Radio Pakistan FM 101
• Sachal FM 105

[edit] Headline text

[edit] Television

• Dhoom TV
• Sindh TV
• KTN
• Asadi TV

[edit] Newspapers

• Daily Kawish
• Daily Ibrat
• Daily Safeer

[edit] Internet

• MeraHyderabad
• ApnaHyderabad

[edit] Attractions

• Amri – an archeological site dating back to 3600 BC, 110 kms from the city, is the remains of a pre-Harrapan fortified town.
• Al-manzar – a restaurant at the banks of the Indus river.
• Rani Bagh – formely a zoo named after the majestic elephant Rani, now serves as a theme park.
• Sabzazar.
• Pacco Qilo and the Kachha Qila – forts, where kachha means weak.
• Sindh Museum.
• Institute of Sindhology Museum.

Amri is the site of a Pre-Harappa fortified town which flourished from 3600 to 3300 BC. The site is located south of Mohenjo Daro on Hyderabad-Dadu Road about 110 kilometres north of Hyderabad in Sind province of Pakistan. ... The Indus is a river; the Indus River. ...

[edit] Sports

Hyderabad has a cricket stadium called the Niaz Stadium, with a seating capacity of 25,000 known for the first ever hatrick taken by a bowler in a one-day match in 1982. Hyderabad also has a hockey stadium. Niaz Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Hyderabad, Pakistan. ...

[edit] Trivia

• Jalal-ud-din of Pakistan became the first bowler to take a hatrick against Australia on 20th September, 1982 at the Niaz Stadium.
• The streets of Hyderabad were washed by perfume under the rule of the Mughals.
• The lowest Hyderabad ever achieved in temperature is 2°C.

Jalal-ud-din (born June 12, 1959, Karachi) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 6 Tests and 8 ODIs from 1982 to 1985. ... Niaz Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Hyderabad, Pakistan. ...

[edit] See also

• Hyderabad Electric Supply Company

Hyderabad Electric Supply Company or HESCO is an electric distribution company which supplies electricity to all the districts of Sindh in Pakistan, excluding Karachi. ...

[edit] External links

• Hyderabad City Website
• Hyderabad Website about Hyderabad City
• Hyderabad City on The Internet.
• Pacco Qillo[3]
• People killed at the fort
• The 1990s riots

[edit] References

• 1911 Encyclopedia Reference

Affandi town