NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hyderabad, Sindh

Coordinates: 25°22′45″N, 68°22′06″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Hyderabad pronunciation (help· info) or Haidarābād (Urdu/Sindhi: حيدر آباد) is located in the Sindh province of Pakistan (formerly known as Neroon Kot نيرُون ڪوٽ). Formerly the capital of Sindh and known as the city of perfumes, it is now a regional headquarter of the district of Hyderabad. Before the creation of Pakistan, it was known as the Paris of India, for its roads used to be washed with perfume every day. The regional and political boundaries stage the city as a district. Hyderabad may refer to: Hyderabad, the independent state Hyderabad State, the pre-1956 state India Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, the capital city of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad district (India) Begumpet Airport, also known as Hyderabad Airport Hyderabad Central, a huge shopping mall in Hyderabad Hyderabad, Uttar Pradesh, a... In political geography and international politics a country is a geographical entity, a territory, most commonly associated with the notions of state or nation. ... Currently, Pakistan is subdivided into four provinces, two territories, and also portions of Kashmir that are administered by the Pakistani government. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: Ø³Ù†ÚŒ, UrdÅ«: Ø³Ù†Ø¯Ú¾) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... The term above mean sea level (AMSL) refers to the elevation (on the ground) or altitude (in the air) of any object, relative to the average sea level. ... A telephone number is a sequence of decimal digits (0-9) that is used for identifying a destination telephone line in a telephone network. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Pakistan Standard Time (PST) is the time zone for Pakistan. ... UTC +5 is the timezone for : Pakistan Standard Time in Pakistan. ... A street in Ynysybwl, Wales, relatively stereotypical of a small town A town is usually an urban area which is not considered to rank as a city. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... Union Council Union Council is a sub part of a district, usually it is a large village also including the nearby small villages. ... NGO is an abbreviation or code for: Non-governmental organization Nagoya Airport (IATA code) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Image File history File links Emblem_Pakistan. ... Image File history File links Hyderabad. ... (, historically spelled Ordu), is an Middle Eastern-Aryan language. ... Sindhi refers to an ethnic group of people originating in Sindh which is part of present day Pakistan. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: Ø³Ù†ÚŒ, UrdÅ«: Ø³Ù†Ø¯Ú¾) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... HyderÄbÄd (Urdu: ØÛŒØ¯Ø± Ø¢Ø¨Ø§Ø¯), is located in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Hyderabad is a hot and humid city in the south of the nation and has been a staging point for literary campaign and a birthplace of many poets. Rich with culture and tradition, the city is the largest bangle producer in the world and serves as a transit between the rural and the urban Sindh.

History

Hyderabad is a city of Hillocks. Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of the Kalhora Dynasty founded the city in 1768. The Hyderabad city was then named Neroon Kot نيرون ڪوٽ it was a small fishing village on the banks of River Indus and was called the heart of the Mehran. Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhora loved the city so much that in 1768, he ordered a fort to be built on one of the three hills of Hyderabad to house and defend his people. The fort since then is called the Pacco Qillo پڪو قلعو or the Strong fort. Sindh (Sind) (Sindhi: Ø³Ù†ÚŒ ,Urdu: Ø³Ù†Ø¯Ú¾, Hindi: à¤¸à¤¿à¤¨à¥à¤§) is one of the provinces of Pakistan. ... Hyderabad Fort or the Pacca Qilla in 1845 Source: [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Hyderabad Fort or the Pacca Qilla in 1845 Source: [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Kalhora Dynasty or Kalhoro Dynasty (Urdu: Ú©Ù„ÛÙˆÚ‘Ø§ ) ruled Sindh, Pakistan. ... The Indus (sometimes considered a misnomer) is the English name for the Sengge Chu which flows from Tibet into Ladakh and Baltistan, finally arriving into Pakistan. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: Ø³Ù†ÚŒ, UrdÅ«: Ø³Ù†Ø¯Ú¾) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ...

After the death of the great Kalhoro, started the Talpur Rule. Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur left his capital Khudabad, the Land of God and made Hyderabad his capital in 1789. He made the Pacco Qillo his residence and also held his courts there. Mir Fateh Ali Khan Talpur along with his three other brothers were responsible for the affairs that persisted in the city of Hyderabad in the years of their kingdom. The four were called Char Yar, Sindhi for Four friends. Talpur is a Baloch tribe that conquered and ruled Sindh, and other parts of Pakistan, from 1783 to 1843 AD. Talpur army defeated Kalhora dynasty in the battle of Halani in 1783 to became rulers of Sindh. ...

The Talpur rule lasted almost over 50 years and in 1843, Talpurs faced a greater threat. The British came face-to-face with the Talpurs at the Battle of Miani on 17^th February, 1843. It is said that even in rigor mortis the Ameers (Mirs - leaders) held their swords high fighting the British. The battle ended on 24^th March where the Mirs lost and the city came into the hands of the British. Image File history File links Hyderabad1800s. ... Image File history File links Hyderabad1800s. ... The Battle of Sindh (February 17, 1843) was a battle between British forces under Sir Charles Napier and the amirs of the now Pakistani region of Sindh. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Emir (also sometimes rendered as Amir or Ameer, Arabic commander) is a title of nobility historically used in Islamic nations of the Middle East and North Africa. ... Mir insignia Mir Statistics Crew: 3 Call sign Mir Launch February 19, 1986 21:28:23 UTC Baikonur, USSR Re-entry March 23, 2001 05:50:00 UTC Perigee: 385 km (239 NM) Apogee: 393 km (244 NM) Orbital period: 89. ...

The British demolished most of the buildings around to accommodate their troops and their military stores. Hyderabad lost its glory. No longer were the roads covered with perfume. In 1857, when the First War of Indian Independence raged across the sub-continent, the British held most of their regiments and ammunition in this city. An engraving titled Sepoy Indian troops dividing the spoils after their mutiny against British rule gives a contemporary view of events from the British perspective. ...

Prior to 1947, Hyderabad had a large community of Sindhi Hindus who were largely pre-occupied with trade and commerce. They were responsible for export of products made in Sindh and contributed significantly to the economy of Sindh. Prior to the Partition, 25 per cent of Sindh’s population was Hindu. When Partition of India occurred Sindhi Hindus expected to remain in Sindh. Generally, there was good relation between Hindu Sindhis and Muslims Sindhis. When large waves of Mohajirs started to pour into Hyderabad, violence erupted on the streets. The Hindu Sindhis were forced to flee leaving everything behind. Popati Hirandani who was a Hyderabad resident tells in her autobiography that the Police were merely onlookers when violence erupted and they did not protect the Hindus community. Popati Hiranandani was a writer born 1924 in Hyderabad, Sind [1]. Many Hindu Sindhis wanted to return to their native Sindh when the violence settled down, but this was not possible. This article is under construction. ...

The Mohajirs were given land mostly in the town of Hirabad. While the population of the people grew with the migration in progress, the Government proposed the creation of two more towns, namely Latifabad and Qasimabad. Muhajir is an Arabic word, widely used in the Muslim world that refers to someone who has emigrated from one place to another. ...

The 1980s saw a black period in the history of Hyderabad as riots erupted in the city between the two ethnic diversities in majority, the Sindhis and the Mohajirs. Bloodshed and murder reached extremes. The Sindhis retreated to settlements in Qasimabad and the Mohajirs settled down in Latifabad but the city has never been the same again, forever divided by ethnicity. Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Sindhi refers to an Indo-Aryan language speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating in Sindh which is part of present day Pakistan. ... Muhajir is an Arabic word, widely used in the Muslim world that refers to someone who has emigrated from one place to another. ...

The city of HyderÄbÄd traces its early history to Neroon, a Hindu ruler of the area from whom the city derived its previous name, Neroon Kot Ù†ÙŠØ±ÙˆÙ† ÚªÙˆÙ½. Neroon Kot literally means the place of Neroon. ...

Geography and Climate

Located at 25.367°N latitude and 68.367°E longitude with an elevation of 13m about sea-level, Hyderabad is located on the east bank of the Indus River and is roughly 150km away from Karachi, the capital of the province. Hyderabad is the second largest city in Sindh, eighth largest in Pakistan and 209th largest city of the world with respect to population. Its population estimates to 1,348,288 (as of 2000). Two of Pakistan's largest highways, the Indus Highway and the National Highway join at Hyderabad. For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ... Karachi (Urdu: ÙƒØ±Ø§Ú†Ù‰, Sindhi: ÚªØ±Ø§Ú†ÙŠ) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: Ø³Ù†ÚŒ, UrdÅ«: Ø³Ù†Ø¯Ú¾) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Indus Highway In 1988, the government of Pakistan announced its program of construction of Indus Highway (N-55): 1250km designated to provide alternative to existing National Highway (N-5): 1650 km linking Karachi with Peshawar via Lahore. ...

Several towns surrounding the city include Kotri 6.7km, Jamshoro 8.1km, Hattri 5km and Husri 7.5km. Kotri (Ú©ÙˆÙ¹Ø±ÛŒ), a large town, (25o - 22â€™ north latitude, 68o â€“ 22â€™ east longitudes) is the headquarter station of the Kotri taluka. ... Jamshoro is a small city in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Hyderabad has an extreme climate. The days are hot and dry usually going up to 40°C, whilst the nights are cool and breezy. Winds that blow usually bring along clouds of dust, and people prefer staying indoors in the daytime, but the breeze that flows at night is pleasant and clean.

Education

The city being a gateway between the rural Sindh and the Greater Sindh, attracts students from the lesser developed regions of Sindh. Hyderabad has a huge number of schools, colleges and Universities.

Universities

The University of Sindh [2] is the dominant player in educational reforms since its inception in 1947. It was founded in Karachi and relocated to Hyderabad in 1951, only because the city was reinacted as the capital of the province of Sindh. It has 32 colleges affiliated with it. Mehran University of Engineering and Technology[3] Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences[4] Whilst people prefer to go to this technological and medical universities in the city, universities like the [Sindh Agricultural University][5] in Tando Jam are highly preferred as well. Other universities in the private sector include,University of EAST and Isra University [6], The University of Sindh is the second-oldest university in Pakistan. ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... Karachi (Urdu: ÙƒØ±Ø§Ú†Ù‰, Sindhi: ÚªØ±Ø§Ú†ÙŠ) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Tando Jam is a city located in Sindh, Pakistan, between Hyderabad and Mirpur Khas. ...

School and Colleges

The most prestigious and oldest college in Hyderabad is the “Government Degree College”government college of technology while “Public School Hyderabad”Municipal High School(Hussinabad)is famous for its facilities. Other Colleges and Schools are the Preston Boys College, Preston Girls College, Preston Boys School, Preston Girls School, [7], Excellence Boys College, Excellence Girls College, Excellence Boys School, Excellence Girls School, [8] ,Muslim Science College established in 1963 and Superior College of Sciences. government degree college qasimabad; Government Nazrath girls college; Hayats girls higher secondary school; Eden Grammar School

Museums and libraries

Hyderabad is home to a few museums that store the cultural heritage of this land of religious and ethnic diversity. The Institute of Sindhology Museum and the Sindh Museum are a haven for Sindhi enthusiasts in ethnological contexts. Whilst there are a few libraries in the city, most of them are in a sad state. Allama Daud Photo Library near Sindh Museum in Qasimabad.

Economy

Industries include textiles, cement, glass, soap, pottery, tanneries, and film. Handicraft industries, including silver and gold work, lacquerware, ornamented silks, and embroidered leather saddles, are also well established. Hyderabad produces almost all of the ornamental glass bangles in Pakistan. Hyderabad is a major commercial centre for the agricultural produce of the surrounding area, including millet, rice, wheat, cotton, and fruit. Bangles in Laad Bazaar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. ...

Towns and sub-divisions

The city of Hyderabad is divided into five sub-divided regions based on the ethnic diversity of people dwelling in it. The sub-divisions are mostly based upon areas of Sindhi and Mohajir majority.

Northern Hyderabad refers to the northern parts of the city of Hyderabad comprising of Bhittai Nagar, Citizen Colony, Kalhora Colony and Mubarak Colony. ... Jamshoro is a small city in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. ... The Old City is the name given to parts in the east of the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan that were part of the city before the creation of Latifabad and Qasimabad. ... Hirabad is a neighbourhood in the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan that is older than the rest of the neighbourhoods in Hyderabad and lies in the eastern part of the city alongwith the Old City. ... The Central City is the main governing body of the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Latifabad is a town in the southern suburbs of the city of Hyderabad, in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Qasimabad is a town in the western suburbs of the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Government

The current Mayor of the city also called the City Nazim is Kanwar Naveed, housed at Latifabad, whilst the City Naib Nazim is Zafar Ali Rajput, housed at Central City.

Transportation

Serving as a socio-economic crossroad to the lesser developed cities and towns in Sindh and linking and networking them with the bigger towns and cities in the nation, Hyderabad holds importance as a vital transportation link via every service. It can be reached by every mean of transportation, be it air, land, water or rail.

Airways

The city has a modestly good airport. The Pakistan International Airlines used to frequent it three flights a week. However, chartered flights can still land at the airport. The airport is located in the southern region of Latifabad. The airport in the days of its operation administered domestic flights to Karachi, Lahore, Dera Ismail Khan and Peshawar. Pakistan International Airlines or PIA (Urdu: ), is the national flag carrier of Pakistan operating passenger and cargo services around the world. ... Latifabad is a town in the southern suburbs of the city of Hyderabad, in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Dera Ismail Khan (Urdu: ÚˆÛŒØ±Û Ø§Ø³Ù…Ø§ Ø¹ÛŒÙ„ Ø®Ø§Ù† ) is city in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan. ...

Road network

Although Hyderabad has a decent road network, but most of the roads are undergoing construction at the time of writing. Hyderabad is deemed the most important milestone on the National Highway which passes through the city. The highway divides into Route N5 going southwest and M9 going north while it forks into the KLP (Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar) Road and the Hala Road. Over the years, the M9 has had massive construction work to include six lanes across its 136km span being the most used highway in Pakistan while the N5 has two lanes to cater its lesser traffic needs. Karachi (Urdu: ÙƒØ±Ø§Ú†Ù‰, Sindhi: ÚªØ±Ø§Ú†ÙŠ) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan. ... Lahore (Urdu: Ù„Ø§ÛÙˆØ±, Punjabi: Ù„ÛÙˆØ±, pronounced ) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and is the second most densely populated city in Pakistan. ... PeshÄwar (Urdu: Ù¾Ø´Ø§ÙˆØ±; Pashto: Ù¾ÚšÙˆØ±) literally means City on the Frontier in Persian and is known as Pekhawar in Pashto. ...

Makran Coastal Highway N10 National highways and motorways link all major cities in Pakistan and are undergoing rapid expansion to cater to the fast growing surface transportation needs of this rapidly emerging economy. ... // Pakistan Motorways project was proposed in first regime of prime minister Mr. ...

Railways

Hyderabad is considered a major junction of Pakistan Railways, where railway lines pronoceed in at least three directions: northwards (up-country), southwards (down-country) and eastwards. The railway station is called the Hyderabad Junction and is located in the southern end of the Central City and the brink of the old. Pakistan Railways is the state-owned railway company of Pakistan. ... Hyderabad Junction is the name given to the railway station in the city of Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Waterways

With the city at the banks of the Indus River, the fishermen tend to use riverboats to fish and travel across the waters. Riverboats are not accessible to general public but local fishermen, in attempts of making money for their daily ration, sail people aboard their fishing ferries at Al-manzar, a restaurant at the banks of the Indus. Satellite image of the Indus River basin. ...

Demographics

People and culture

Hyderabad is noteworthy in Sindh and Pakistan generally for its relative tolerance; members of religious minorities such as Hindus and Christians are not in as much danger there as elsewhere in the country. However, there has been a history of conflict in Hyderabad between native Sindhis and the Mohajirs, the non-Sindhi Muslim refugees who entered Sindh from post-Partition India in 1947 and who were awarded the abandoned property left by the departing Sindhi Hindus; nowadays Sindhis and Mohajirs live in relative separation, in discrete sectors of Hyderabad. Muhajir or Mohajir (Arabic: Ù…ÛØ§Ø¬Ø±) is widely thought of as an Indo-Aryan ethnic group in Pakistan. ...

Native Sindhis live in majority in Qasimabad, while it is developing still. Having a lot of problems with drainage system. It has some famous areas like Naseem Nagar and Abdullah Blessing. On the other hand Mohajirs live in Latifabad one of there majorities. A large number of Memons having two sects namely Diplai from Thar Parker (Sindh) and Kathiawari from Gujrat (India) live isolated from other citizens. Many Shia Ismaili colonies exist; Aminabad Colony and Mubarakh Colony, are one of the most prominent.

While Christians constitute 2% of the total population, Hyderabad is the seat of a Diocese of the Church of Pakistan and has five churches and a cathedral. Pope Pius XI blesses Bishop Stephen Alencastre as fifth Apostolic Vicar of the Hawaiian Islands in a Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace window. ... The Church of Pakistan is a protestant united church in Pakistan, which is part of the Anglican Communion. ...

Media

Radio

Television

Newspapers

Internet

Attractions

Amri is the site of a Pre-Harappa fortified town which flourished from 3600 to 3300 BC. The site is located south of Mohenjo Daro on Hyderabad-Dadu Road about 110 kilometres north of Hyderabad in Sind province of Pakistan. ... The Indus is a river; the Indus River. ...

Sports

Hyderabad has a cricket stadium called the Niaz Stadium, with a seating capacity of 25,000 known for the first ever hatrick taken by a bowler in a one-day match in 1982. Hyderabad also has a hockey stadium. Niaz Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Hyderabad, Pakistan. ...

Trivia

Jalal-ud-din (born June 12, 1959, Karachi) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played in 6 Tests and 8 ODIs from 1982 to 1985. ... Niaz Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Hyderabad, Pakistan. ...

See also

Hyderabad Electric Supply Company or HESCO is an electric distribution company which supplies electricity to all the districts of Sindh in Pakistan, excluding Karachi. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

External links

References

Categories: Cities and towns in Sindh | Hyderabad District | Metropolitan areas of Pakistan News Sites DAWN English Daily The News International The Daily Times Business Recorder - Leading financial daily Pakistan News Services Urdu Daily News for Pakistan Following is a list of the major cities in Pakistan organized by subnational entities: // Bagh Bhimber Kotli Mirpur Muzaffarabad Plandri Rawlakot Main listing: List of cities... Abbottabad (Urdu: Ø§ÛŒØ¨Ù¹ Ø¢Ø¨Ø§Ø¯) is the principal city of the Abbottabad District in the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Attock (Urdu: Ø§Ù¹Ú©) is a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan. ... Bahawalpur (also Bhawalpur, Bhawulpore) (Urdu: Ø¨ÛØ§ÙˆÙ„Ù¾ÙˆØ± ) is a city of (1998 pop. ... Chitral Valley and Tirich Mir, 7,708 m (25,289 ft) Chitral, or ChatrÄl (Urdu: Ú†ØªØ±Ø§Ù„),in native language kalasha its pronounced chetrar(chetr meaning field) is the name of a town , valley, river, district, and former princely state in the former Malakand Division of the Northwest Frontier Province of... Faisalabad Sada (Urdu: ÙÛŒØµÙ„ Ø¢Ø¨Ø§Ø¯) is located in Punjab, Pakistan. ... An afternoon scene in Gilgit Gilgit (Urdu: Ú¯Ù„Ú¯Øª) is the capital city of Northern Areas, Pakistan. ... Gwadar is located on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, close to the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, through which more than 13 million bbl/d of oil passes. ... Islamabad (Urdu: Ø§Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù… Ø¢Ø¨Ø§Ø¯ (Meaning Abode of Islam)), is the capital city of Pakistan, and is located in the Potohar Plateau in the northwest of the country. ... Karachi (Urdu: ÙƒØ±Ø§Ú†Ù‰, Sindhi: ÚªØ±Ø§Ú†ÙŠ) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan. ... Khanewal (Urdu: Ø®Ø§Ù†ÛŒÙˆØ§Ù„) is a Mega City which is almost one hour drive from Multan in Punjab, Pakistan. ... Lahore (Urdu: Ù„Ø§ÛÙˆØ±, Punjabi: Ù„ÛÙˆØ±, pronounced ) is the capital of the province of Punjab, and is the second most densely populated city in Pakistan. ... Structure dubbed the great bath in the excavated Mohenjo-daro ruins. ... It has been suggested that Hindu temples in Multan be merged into this article or section. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Nawabshah Mudjamrao Road Nawabshah (Urdu: Ù†ÙˆØ§Ø¨Ø´Ø§Û) city (established in 1912) is located in the centre of Sindh,Along With Left Bank Of River Indus Near Sakrand Tehsel, Pakistan, and is therefore often known as the Heart of Sindh. ... PeshÄwar (Urdu: Ù¾Ø´Ø§ÙˆØ±; Pashto: Ù¾ÚšÙˆØ±) literally means City on the Frontier in Persian and is known as Pekhawar in Pashto. ... Quetta (Urdu: Ú©ÙˆØ¦Ù¹Û) is the capital of the province Balochistan in Pakistan. ... Rawalpindi (Urdu: Ø±Ø§ÙˆÙ„Ù¾Ù†ÚˆÛŒ) is a city in the Potwar Plateau near Pakistans capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. ... Sialkot (Urdu/Punjabi: Ø³ÛŒØ§Ù„Ú©ÙˆÙ¹ ) is a city situated in the northern part of the Punjab province in Pakistan at the feet of the snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. ... Sukkur (Urdu: Ø³Ú©Ú¾Ø±, Sindhi:Ø³Ú©Ø±) is the third largest city of Sindh province, situated on the west bank of Indus River (Pakistan) in Sukkur District. ... Taxila is an important archaelogical site in Pakistan containing the ruins of the GandhÄran city and university of Takshashila (also Takkasila or Taxila) an important Vedic/Hindu[1] and Buddhist[2] centre of learning from the 5th century BCE to the 2nd century CE. In 1980, Taxila was declared... Thatta, or Tatta, is a historic town of 22,000 inhabitants in the Sindh province of Pakistan. ... A relief map of Pakistan showing historic sites. ... Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah of Pakistan Mohammad Ali Jinnah (referred to in Pakistan as Quaid-e-Azam, or Great Leader, which is a legally defined title) (December 25, 1876 - September 11, 1948) was an Indian Muslim nationalist, who led the movement demanding a separate homeland for Muslims in... The Persepolis Ruins The Achaemenid dynasty (Old Persian:Hakamanishiya, Persian: Ù‡Ø®Ø§Ù…Ù†Ø´ÛŒØ§Ù†) - was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire. ... Alexander the Great (Greek: ,[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BCâ€“June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336â€“323 BC), was one of the most successful military commanders in history. ... A series of three wars between Britain and the Afghans in the 19th century and early 20th century was formerly called the Afghan Wars but is now referred to as the Anglo-Afghan wars perhaps to distinguish them from the civil strife in the 1980s. ... There have been two Anglo-Sikh wars: The First Anglo-Sikh War (1845â€“1846) The Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-1849) This is a disambiguation page â€” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Allegiance: Maurya Empire (Magadha Empire) Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, Magadha, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤…à¤¶à¥‹à¤•(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (Imperial title: Devanampiya Piyadassi, Prakrit for He who is the beloved of the Gods and... ZÄhir ud-DÄ«n Mohammad, commonly known as BÄbur (February 14, 1483 â€“ December 26, 1530) (Chaghatay/Persian: ; also spelled ), was a Muslim Emperor from Central Asia who founded the Mughal dynasty of India. ... The Central Treaty Organization (also referred to as CENTO, the successor to the Middle East Treaty Organization or METO, also known as the Baghdad Pact) was adopted in 1955 by Iraq, Turkey, Iran, as well as United States chose not to initially participate as to avoid alienating Arab states with... Combatants Mukti Bahini India Aided By Soviet Union Pakistan Aided By United States Peopleâ€™s Republic of China Commanders â€¢ General M A G Osmani â€¢ General Jagjit Singh Aurora â€¢ General Sam Manekshaw â€¢ General A. A. K. Niazi â€¢ General Tikka Khan Strength India: 500,000+ Mukti Bahini: 100,000[1][2] Pakistan... For main article see: Caliphate Khalif is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, or global Islamic nation. ... The Delhi Sultanate (Ø¯Ù„ÛŒ Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†Øª), or Sulthanath-e-Hind (Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†ØªÙ ÛÙ†Ø¯) / Sulthanath-e-Dilli (Ø³Ù„Ø·Ù†ØªÙ Ø¯Ù„ÛŒ) refers to the various Muslim dynasties that ruled in India from 1210 to 1526. ... The Durrani Empire was a larger state that included modern Afghanistan, Pakistan, parts of eastern Iran and western India. ... The Ghaznavid Empire (Ø³Ù„Ø³Ù„Ù‡ ØºØ²Ù†ÙˆÛŒØ§Ù† in Persian) was a state in the region of todays Afghanistan that existed from 962 to 1187. ... The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom (or Graeco-Bactrian Kingdom) covered the areas of Bactria and Sogdiana, comprising todays northern Afghanistan and parts of Central Asia, the easternmost area of the Hellenistic world, from 250 to 125 BCE. The expansion of the Greco-Bactrians into northern India from 180 BCE established... The Buddha, in Greco-Buddhist style, 1st-2nd century CE, Gandhara. ... Pakistani Baluchistan was conquered by the British Empire on October 1, 1887. ... The Indo-Greek Kingdom (or sometimes Graeco-Indian Kingdom[1]) covered various parts of the northwest and northern Indian subcontinent from 180 BCE to around 10 CE, and was ruled by a succession of more than thirty Hellenistic kings,[2] often in conflict with each other. ... Combatants India Pakistan Commanders General K M Cariappa, Lt Gen S M Shrinagesh, Maj Gen K S Thimayya, Maj Gen Kalwant Singh Maj Gen Akbar Khan Casualties 1,104 killed[1](Indian army) 684 KIA(State Forces)[2] [3] 3,152 wounded [1] 1,500 - 5,000 killed[4] (Pakistan... Combatants India Pakistan Commanders Gen J N Chaudhuri, Lt Gen Harbakhsh Singh Field Marshal Ayub Khan, Gen Musa Khan Casualties 3,264 killed[1] 8,623 wounded[1] (From July to ceasefire) 3,800[2] - 6,917 killed[3] (17 day period alone) 4,000 - 7,000 killed/ captured[4... Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ... During the middle ages, several Islamic regimes established empires in South Asia. ... Combatants India Pakistan, Kashmiri secessionists, Islamic militants (Foreign Fighters) Strength 30,000 5,000 Casualties Indian Official Figures: 527 killed,[1][2][3] 1,363 wounded[4] 1 POW Pakistani Estimates: 357â€“4,000+ killed[5][6] (Pakistan troops) 665+ soldiers wounded[5] 8 POWs. ... The Khilji or Khalji were a dynasty of Indian rulers. ... Boundary of the Kushan empire, c. ... Minar-e-Pakistan, where Pakistan Resolution was passed The Lahore Resolution, commonly known as the Pakistan Resolution,[1] was the National documentation and a formal political statement adopted by the All India Muslim League at the occasion of its three-day general session on 22-24 March 1940 that called... Lodhi (also sometimes Lodi) is a Pashtun tribe, most likely a sub-group of the larger Ghilzai of Afghanistan and Pakistan who were part of a wave of Pashtuns who pushed east into what is today Pakistan and India. ... Mahmud of Ghazni (971-April 30, 1030), also know as Yamin ul-Dawlah Mahmud (in full: Yamin ul-Dawlah Abd ul-Qasim Mahmud Ibn Sebük Tigin) was the ruler of Ghazni from 997 until his death. ... The Mauryan empire (321 to 185 BCE), at its largest extent around 230 BCE. The Lion Capital of Asoka, erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ... Tetradrachm of Menander I in Greco-Bactrian style (Alexandria-Kapisa mint). ... It has been suggested that Mughal Era be merged into this article or section. ... Muhammad bin Qasim Al-Thaqafi (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…Ø¯ Ø¨Ù† Ù‚Ø§Ø³Ù…) (c. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The All India Muslim League (Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù… Ù„ÛŒÚ¯), founded at Dhaka in 1906, was a political party in British India that developped into the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim state from British India on the Indian subcontinent. ... Nadir Shahâ€™s portrait from the collection of Smithsonian Institute Nadir Shah (Persian: Ù†Ø§Ø¯Ø± Ø´Ø§Ù‡) (Nadir Qoli Beg (Persian: Ù†Ø§Ø¯Ø± Ù‚Ù„ÛŒ Ø¨ÛŒÚ¯), also Tahmasp-Qoli Khan (Persian: ØªÙ‡Ù…Ø§Ø³Ù¾ Ù‚Ù„ÛŒ Ø®Ø§Ù†) also Nadir Shah Afshar (Persian: Ù†Ø§Ø¯Ø± Ø´Ø§Ù‡ Ø§ÙØ´Ø§Ø±) ) (October 22, 1688 - June 19, 1747) ruled as Shah of Iran (1736â€“47) and was the founder of the short-lived Turkic Afsharid... This article is under construction. ... The Pashtuns (also Pushtun, Pakhtun, or ethnic Afghan; in referring to the period of the British Raj or earlier, sometimes Pathan) are an ethnic/religious group of people, living primarily in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India who follow Pashtunwali, their indigenous religion. ... Qutb-ud-din Aybak was a ruler of Medieval India, the first Sultan of Delhi and founder of the Slave dynasty (also known as the Mamluk dynasty). ... Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Punjabi: ), also called Sher-e-Punjab (The Lion of the Punjab) (1780-1839) was a Sikh ruler of the Punjab. ... Sayyid () (plural Saadah) is an honorific title often given to males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hassan and Husayn, who were the sons of his daughter Fatima Zahra and his cousin and son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib. ... For the English cricketer, See Vikram Solanki The Solanki or Chalukya is a Hindu Gurjar,Rajput dynasty of India, who ruled the kingdom of Gujarat from the 10th to the 13th centuries. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Combatants Pakistan Islamic Emirate of Waziristan, al-Qaeda, Taliban, Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Commanders Commander XI Corps Haji Omar, Abu Faraj al-Libbi(captured), Tohir Yoâ€˜ldosh Strength 80,000[2] 40,000[3] Casualties 700[4] - 3,000[5] Pakistan military and paramilitary killed 1,000[6] - 3,000... In recent history, Pakistani political processes have taken place in the framework of a federal republic, where the system of government has at times been parliamentary, presidential, or semi-presidential. ... The Chief Justice of Pakistan heads the Supreme Court of Pakistan. ... Demographics of Pakistan, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. ... The Districts of Pakistan form the third tier of government in Pakistan, ranking as subdivisions of the provinces of Pakistan. ... Government of Sindh is based in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. ... Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan. ... At the national level, Pakistan elects a bicameral legislature, the Parliament of Pakistan, which consists of a directly-elected National Assembly of Pakistan and a Senate whose members are chosen by elected provincial legislators. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The national flag of Pakistan was designed by Syed Amir-ud-Din Kedwaii based on the 1906 flag of the All-India Muslim League. ... Pakistan is the second largest Muslim country in terms of population, and its status as a declared nuclear power, being the only Islamic nation to have that status, plays a part in its international role. ... A jirga (occasionally jirgah) is a tribal assembly which takes decisions by consensus. ... Pakistan had a parliamentary system of government that has been modified several times since its inception. ... Political parties in Pakistan lists political parties in Pakistan. ... List of Mayors (Nazims) during 20th Century Karachi City Municipal Act was promulgated in 1933. ... The National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. ... The Senate of Pakistan is the upper House of the bicameral Parliament of Pakistan. ... The Parliament of Pakistan is known as the Majlis-e-Shoora (Council of Advisors). ... The President of Pakistan (UrdÅ«: ØµØ¯Ø± Ù…Ù…Ù„Ú©Øª Sadr-e-Mamlikat) is Head of State of Pakistan. ... The Prime Minister of Pakistan (Urdu: ÙˆØ²ÛŒØ± Ø§Ø¹Ø¸Ù… Wazir-e- Azam) is the Head of Government of Pakistan. ... The Supreme Court (Urdu: Ø¹Ø¯Ø§Ù„Øª Ø§Ø¹Ø¸Ù…ÛŒÙ° ) is the apex court in Pakistans judicial hierarchy, the final arbiter of legal and constitutional disputes. ... Terrorism in Pakistan has been prevalent since the 1980s following the breakup of the nation into modern Pakistan and Bangladesh in the Bangladesh Liberation War. ... The Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF) is the national governing body for field hockey in Pakistan. ... The Pakistan Cricket Board is responsible for all first class and Test cricket played in and by the Pakistan cricket team Pakistan was admitted to the International Cricket Council in July 1953 after having been a part of India prior to partition in 1947. ... The Pakistan national cricket team is a national cricket team representing Pakistan. ... This is a list of those people who have umpired at least one Test match in Pakistan between Pakistan and other Test cricket nations. ... The A1 Team Pakistan is the Pakistani team of A1 Grand Prix, an international racing series dubbed as the world cup of motorsport. ... The Pakistan Premier League (PPL) is the first division of Pakistani football. ... The Pakistan National Football Challenge Cup is the national knockout cup competition in Pakistani football, run by Pakistan Football Federation. ... Gilli à¤¿à¤—à¤²à¥à¤²à¥€ -danda à¤¡à¤¨à¥à¤¡à¤¾ is a game popular across the length and breadth of India and Pakistan. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... The Pakistan Open golf tournament was first played in 1967. ... Map of the Arabian Sea. ... K2 from Concordia The Baltoro Glacier, at over 70 kilometers long, is one of the longest glaciers outside of the polar regions. ... Broghol, also spelled Boroghil and several other ways, is a high mountain pass that crosses the Pamir and connects the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. ... Broghol is a high mountain pass that crosses the Pamir and connects the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. ... The Clifton beach seafront, Karachi Clifton Beach, on the Arabian Sea, is a beach in Clifton, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, one of the neighborhoods of Saddar Town, Karachi. ... Demographics of Pakistan, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands. ... The Dorah Pass, also spelled and pronounced Durah Pass, connects Badakshan in Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. ... The Durand Line is the term for the poorly marked 2,640 kilometer (1,610 mile) border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. ... Guddu Barrage is a barrage across river Indus, near Sukkur in Pakistan. ... Gumal Pass is a pass on the border of Afganistan and the southeastern portion of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Hawkes Bay or Hawkesbay is a popular beach and a neighborhood located in Kiamari Town in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. ... Perspective view of the Himalayas and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... Satellite image of the Indus River basin. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Indus River Delta The Indus River Delta occurs where the Indus River flows into the Arabian Sea in Pakistan. ... The Indus Waters Treaty Historical context The partition of the Indian subcontinent created a conflict over the waters of the Indus basin. ... The North Face of K2 K2 is the second-highest mountain on Earth. ... The Kalabagh dam is a mega water reservoir that Government of Pakistan planning to develop across the Indus River, one of the worlds largest rivers. ... Karakoram is a mountain range spanning the borders between Pakistan, China, and India, located in the regions of Gilgit, Ladakh and Baltistan. ... Mountain passes of Afghanistan The Khyber Pass (also called the Khaiber Pass or Khaybar Pass) (Urdu: Ø¯Ø±Û Ø®ÛŒØ¨Ø±) (el. ... Lowarai Pass is located between the Panjkora and Chitral valleys in North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Lowari Top is a pass that connects Chitral with Dir in Pakistan. ... News Sites DAWN English Daily The News International The Daily Times Business Recorder - Leading financial daily Pakistan News Services Urdu Daily News for Pakistan Following is a list of the major cities in Pakistan organized by subnational entities: // Bagh Bhimber Kotli Mirpur Muzaffarabad Plandri Rawlakot Main listing: List of cities... K2, the 2nd highest of the world Broad Peak, the 12th highest of the world Pakistan contains five of the highest fourteen independent peaks in the world (the eight-thousanders) and many other high peaks, in the Himalaya, Karakoram, Hindu Kush, and Hindu Raj ranges. ... Mazar-e-Quaid - the icon of Karachi Mazar-e-Quaid is referred to mausoleum of the founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. ... National Parks of Pakistan There are 14 National Parks in Pakistan. ... Nanga Parbat (also known as Nangaparbat Peak or Diamir) is the ninth highest mountain on Earth and the second highest in Pakistan. ... Rann of Kutch on the Top Left. ... The Salt Range is a hill system in the Punjab region of India, deriving its name from its extensive deposits of rock-salt. ... Sandspit Beach is situated north west of Karachi. ... The Sarpo Laggo Glacier (Sarpo Laggo: young husband) is a glacier in Pakistan, in the Karakoram mountain range of the Himalayas. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Shandur Top is a high mountain pass that connects Chitral to Gilgit. ... The Siachen Glacier is marked in orange The Siachen Glacier is located in the East Karakoram/Himalaya, at approximately . ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Airblue is a private airline based in Islamabad, Pakistan. ... The Pakistani aviation market has seen many airlines come and go. ... Telephones - main lines in use: 2. ... Islamabad Stock Exchange is the three largest stock exchange of Pakistan located in the capital, Islamabad. ... The Karachi Stock Exchange (Guarantee) Limited (colloquially known as the Karachi Stock Exchange) is the largest stock exchange in Pakistan. ... This organization, company, or building article needs to be wikified. ... This is a list of Companies from Pakistan. ... History (First Project, Al Azam Square, Site Office, Karachi-1966). ... Pakistan International Airlines or PIA (Urdu: ), is the national flag carrier of Pakistan operating passenger and cargo services around the world. ... The Pakistani rupee (PKR) is the currency of Pakistan. ... The logo of the Karachi Port Trust. ... Port Muhammad Bin Qasim is a port in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan located at , (24. ... Homeless in Lahore. ... // Saudi-Pak Tower, Islamabad GIK Institute Clock Tower, Topi With many towers currently under construction, there are many towers still awaiting to be approved by the city government. ... The 17th Century Badshahi Mosque built by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in Lahore The culture of Pakistan (Urdu: Ø«Ù‚Ø§ÙØª Ù¾Ø§Ú©Ø³ØªØ§Ù† ), although South Asian and related to Northern India, has been greatly influenced by the cultures of Central Asia and the Middle East. ... A1GP (formerly A1 Grand Prix) is an open-wheel auto racing series. ... The A1 Team Pakistan is the Pakistani team of A1 Grand Prix, an international racing series dubbed as the world cup of motorsport. ... Basant, sometimes called Jashan-e Baharaan (Urdu:Ø¬Ø´Ù† Ø¨Ù‡Ø±Ø§Ù† or Spring Festival), is a Pakistani festival celebrating the arrival of Spring. ... In Islamic Pakistani culture Chand Raat or night of the moon as it translates marks the end of Ramadan (Arabic: رمضان ) and the start of Eid ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر). Since the Islamic Calendar is lunar the advent of... Pakistani cuisine is generally similar to that of India. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Holidays in Pakistan: Category: ... Over 98% of 166 million peoples of Pakistan are Muslims and Islam is the State religion of Pakistan. ... The Kara Film Festival is the only internationally recognized film festival of Pakistan, to represent Lollywood annually held in Karachi. ... This is a list of musicians from Pakistan listed in alphabetical order. ... Pakistan has many radio and TV channels. ... Lollywood refers to the Pakistani film industry, based in the city of Lahore. ... This is a list of mosques in Pakistan. ... Murree Beer is Pakistans leading beer brand made by Murree Brewery. ... The music of Pakistan is probably one of the most diverse selection of music in the whole world within one country; being at the crossroads of Central Asia, Iran, the Middle East and India. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... The Pakistan national cricket team is a national cricket team representing Pakistan. ... Pakistani literature, that is, the literature of Pakistan, as a distinct literature came into being when Pakistan gained its nationhooood as a sovereign state in 1947. ... A sari is the traditional female garment of the Indian subcontinent. ... An old-fashioned Hyderabadi gentleman wearing a formal Sherwani and Fez hat, that is designed by a designer in Lahore, Pakistan Sherwani (Urdu: Ø´ÛŒØ±ÙˆØ§Ù†ÛŒ ) is a long coat-like garment worn in South Asia, very similar to an Achkan or doublet. ... Sikhism is a very small minority religion in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan but has many cultural, historical and political ties to the country, and to the historical region of Punjab. ... The term Sufi rock describes the sound of famous Pakistani rock band Junoon. ... Lahore Museum, established in 1894, when Lahore (currently a part of Pakistan) was a part of Undivided India, is a major museum of the Indian subcontinent. ... The following is a list of major universities in Pakistan, organized by subnational entities. ... The National library was established after almost 46 years of independence. ... Pakistani literature, that is, the literature of Pakistan, as a distinct literature came into being when Pakistan gained its nationhooood as a sovereign state in 1947. ... Pakistani poetry as a tradition partakes of Urdu poetry, which see. ... Branches of Service Pakistan Army Pakistan Air Force Pakistan Navy Pakistan Coast Guard Pakistan Paramilitary Forces Leadership Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff General Ehsan ul Haq Chief of Army Staff General Pervez Musharraf Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Tanvir Ahmed Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Afzal Tahir... Pakistan is the sixth most populous nation in the world. ... Branches of Service Pakistan Army Pakistan Air Force Pakistan Navy Pakistan Coast Guard Pakistan Paramilitary Forces Leadership Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff General Ehsan ul Haq Chief of Army Staff General Pervez Musharraf Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Tanvir Ahmed Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Afzal Tahir... Membership badge of the Pakistan Boy Scouts Association The Pakistan Boy Scouts Association (PBSA) is the national Scouting organization of Pakistan and has 516,891 members (as of 2002). ... This page lists articles on Wikipedia that are related to Pakistan. ...

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