In chemistry, hydration is the condition of being combined with water. Chemistry (in Greek: χημεία) is the science of matter that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of substances and with the transformations that they undergo. ... Water (from the Old English word wæter; c. ...

Hydration can create a hydrate from which water can be reextracted. When hydration occurs in a chemical reaction it is called a hydration reaction, in which water is permanently and chemically combined with a reactant in a way that it can no longer be reextracted. Hydrates are compounds formed by the union of water with some other substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain crystallized salts. ... A chemical reaction is a process involving one, two or more substances (called reactants), characterized by a chemical change and yielding one or more product(s) which are different from the reactants. ... In organic chemistry, a hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which a hydroxyl group (OH-) and a hydrogen cation (an acidic proton) are added to the two carbon atoms bonded together in the carbon-carbon double bond which makes up an alkene functional group. ...

An example of a hydration reaction is acid-catalyzed hydration of the carbon-carbon double bond in an alkene. H⁺ and OH^- is added via Markovnikov's rule. A carbon to carbon double bond refers to the bond state of the carbon carbon atom, which is bonded by two types of bonds together, which is the sigma bond and the pi bond. ... In chemistry, Markovnikovs rule is an observation based on Zaitsevs Rule. ...

Hydration can cause hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is a chemical process in which a molecule is cleaved into two parts by the addition of a molecule of water. ...

An example of hydrate synthesis is hydration of a carbonyl group. In chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group composed of an atom of carbon double-bonded to an atom of oxygen. ...

Hydration also is used to mean getting water into an organism, usually human. This is important when large amounts of body fluid are lost, such as by sweating. In biology and ecology, an organism (in Greek organon = instrument) is an assembly of organs that influence each other in such a way that they function as a more or less stable whole and have properties of life. ... Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. ...