NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Hydraulic fluid

Hydraulic fluids are a large group of mineral oils, water-based or water used as the medium in hydraulic systems. Found in machinery equipment ranging from brakes, hydraulic cylinders; power steering; and transmissions. Mineral oil or liquid petrolatum is a by-product in the distillation of petroleum to produce gasoline. ... A brake is a device for slowing or stopping the motion of a machine or vehicle, and to keep it from starting to move again. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Power steering is a system for reducing the steering effort on cars by using an external power source to assist in turning the wheels. ... Look up Transmission in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Base stock may be either: castor oil, glycol, esters, ethers, mineral oil, organophosphate ester, Chutte and polyalphaolefin, propylene glycol, or silicone. Some of the trade names for hydraulic fluids include Durad®, Fyrquel®, Houghton-Safe®, Hydraunycoil®, Lubritherm® Enviro-Safe, Pydraul®, Quintolubric®, Reofos®, Reolube®, and Skydrol®. Castor oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the castor bean (technically castor seed as the castor plant, Ricinus communis, is not a member of the bean family). ... Ethylene glycol (IUPAC name:ethane-1,2-diol) is a chemical compound widely used as an automotive antifreeze (coolant). ... A carboxylic acid ester. ... Ether is the general name for a class of chemical compounds which contain an ether group â€” an oxygen atom connected to two (substituted) alkyl groups. ... Mineral oil or liquid petrolatum is a by-product in the distillation of petroleum to produce gasoline. ... A polyolefin is a polymer produced from a simple olefin, or alkene as a monomer. ... Propylene glycol, also known as 1,2-propanediol, is an organic compound (a diol alcohol), usually a tasteless, odorless, and colorless clear oily liquid that is hygroscopic and miscible with water, acetone, and chloroform. ... Silicones (more accurately called polymerized siloxanes or polysiloxanes) are inorganic-organic polymers with the chemical formula [R2SiO]n, where R = organic groups such as methyl, ethyl, and phenyl. ...

Environmentally sensitive applications (e.g. farm tractors and marine dredging) may benefit from using biodegradable hydraulic fluids based upon rapeseed (Canola) vegetable oil when there is the risk of an oil spill from a ruptured oil line. Typically these oils are available as ISO 32, ISO 46, and ISO 68 specification oils. ASTM standards ASTM-D-6006, Guide for Assessing Biodegradability of Hydraulic Fluids and ASTM-D-6046, Standard Classification of Hydraulic Fluids for Environmental Impact are relevant. 2004 prices were about $25/gallon in small quantities. For the band, see Tractor (band). ... Dredging is the process by which either new waterways are created or existing waterways are deepened. ... Binomial name Brassica napus L. Rapeseed (Brassica napus), also known as Rape, Oilseed Rape, Rapa, Rapaseed and (one particular cultivar) Canola, is a bright yellow flowering member (related to mustard) of the family Brassicaceae. ... In agriculture, Canola is a trademarked cultivar of genetically engineered rapeseed variants from which rapeseed oil is obtained. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with cooking oil. ... Oil Spill is the unintentional release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment as a result of human activity. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... ASTM International is an international voluntary standards organization that develops and produces technical standards for materials, products, systems and services. ...

Brake fluid is a subtype of hydraulic fluid with high boiling point and low freezing point. Brake fluid is a type of hydraulic fluid used in brake applications in automobiles and light trucks. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... Freezing Point (Chinese: å†°é»ž, bing1 dian3) is a news journal in the Peoples Republic of China which has been the subject of controversy over its criticism of Communist Party officials and the sympathetic ear it lent to a Chinese historian who had criticized official history textbooks. ...

Hydraulic systems, like the ones mentioned above, will work efficiently if the hydraulic fluid used has low compressibility. Fluid Dynamics Compressibility (physics) is a measure of the relative volume change of fluid or solid as a response to a pressure (or mean stress) change: . For a gas the magnitude of the compressibility depends strongly on whether the process is adiabatic or isothermal, while this difference is small in...

Hydraulic fluids can contain a wide range of various chemical compounds; oils, butanol, esters (e.g. phthalates, like DEHP, and adipates, like bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate), polyalkylene glycols (PAG), phosphate esters (e.g. tributylphosphate), silicones, alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons, polyalphaolefins (PAO) (e.g. polyisobutenes), corrosion inhibitors, etc. Natural olive oil Synthetic motor oil An oil is any substance that is in a viscous liquid state (oily) at ambient temperatures or slightly warmer, and is both hydrophobic (immiscible with water, literally water fearing) and lipophilic (miscible with other oils, literally fat loving). This general definition includes compound classes... Butanol or butyl alcohol (sometimes also called biobutanol when produced biologically), is an alcohol with a 4 carbon structure and the molecular formula of C4H10O. It is primarily used as a solvent, as an intermediate in chemical synthesis, and as a fuel. ... R,R=CnH2n+1; n=4-15 Phthalates are a group of chemical compounds that are mainly used as plasticizers -- substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility. ... bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (also BEHP, di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate, DEHP, or dioctyl phthalate, DOP) is a phthalate , a branched-chain dioctyl ester of phthalic acid. ... Adipate (-OOC-(CH2)4-COO-) is the ionized form of adipic acid. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... An organophosphate (sometimes abbreviated OP) is the general name for esters of phosphoric acid and is one of the organophosphorus compounds. ... Tributyl phosphate (TBP), n-tributyl phosphate, or tri-n-butyl phosphate, is an odorless liquid, colorless to pale yellow in appearance, with applications in industrial and nuclear chemistry. ... Polyisobutene is a thermoplastic polymer of the formula: -(-CH2-C(CH3)2-)n- It can be made from the monomer Isobutylene or CH2=C(CH3)2 via radical polymerization, cationic addition polymerization & anionic addition polymerization routes. ... Corrosion inhibitor - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ...

It was reported that 3,800 patients of the Duke University Health System in Durham and Raleigh were operated on in late 2004 with instruments that were washed in PAG (polyalkylene glycol) hydraulic fluid 32-AW instead of detergent. This occurred after an elevator company drained hydraulic fluid into empty Mon-Klenz detergent barrels, and the detergent supplier redistributed them as detergent; both substances are similar in appearance, similar to maple syrup. The problem was not fixed for weeks in spite of the fact that staff members complained that the tools were "slick"; however a small amount of lubricant is commonly applied to them, as a corrosion protection and to protect the instruments from locking up, therefore it took some time to figure out the oiliness is beyond normal level. The hospital claims that there are no risks associated with the mix-up; however, patients have reported lingering health concerns. Of course this paragraph has little relevance to the topic of hydraulic oils, their properties, characteristics, uses, and applications. [1] [2] Duke University is a private coeducational research university located in Durham, North Carolina, USA. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. ... Nickname: Location in North Carolina Country United States State North Carolina County Durham County Government - Mayor Bill Bell Area - City 94. ... Nickname: Motto: You Can See the Whole State from Here Map of Wake County, North Carolina Coordinates: Country United States State North Carolina County Wake County i Founded 1792 Government - Mayor Charles Meeker (D) Area - City 134. ... Laundry detergents are just one of many possible uses for detergents Detergent is a compound, or a mixture of compounds, intended to assist cleaning. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Elevator surfing. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Because industrial hydraulic systems operate at thousands of PSI and temperatures reaching several hundred degrees fahreneheit, severe injuries and death can result from component failures and care must always be taken when performing maintenance on hydraulics.

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