Hydride is the name given to the negative ion of hydrogen, H⁻. Although this ion does not exist except in extraordinary conditions, the term hydride is widely applied to describe compounds of hydrogen with other elements, particularly those of groups 1–16. The variety of compounds formed by hydrogen is vast, arguably greater than that of any other element. Every element of the periodic table (except the noble gases) forms one or more hydrides. These may be classified into three main types by the predominant nature of their bonding: Electric charge is a fundamental conserved property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interaction. ... An electrostatic potential map of the nitrate ion (NO3−). Areas coloured red are lower in energy than areas colored yellow An ion is an atom or group of atoms which have lost or gained one or more electrons, making them negatively or positively charged. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ... A chemical compound is a chemical substance of two or more different chemically bonded chemical elements, with a fixed ratio determining the composition. ... The periodic table of the chemical elements A chemical element, or element for short, is a type of atom that is defined by its atomic number; that is, by the number of protons in its nucleus. ... A periodic table group is a vertical column in the periodic table of the chemical elements. ... For a diagram of the periodic table, see standard periodic table below. ... Neon, like all noble gases, has a full valence (outermost) electron shell. ... A chemical bond is the physical process responsible for the attractive interactions between atoms and molecules, and that which confers stability to diatomic and polyatomic chemical compounds. ...

• Saline hydrides, which have significant ionic character,
• Covalent hydrides, which includes the hydrocarbons and many other compounds,
• Interstitial hydrides, which may be described as having metallic bonding.

Metallic bonding is intramolecular bonding within metals. ...

Hydride ion

See also: hydrogen anion.

Aside from electride, the hydride ion is the simplest possible anion, consisting of two electrons and a proton. Hydrogen has a relatively low electron affinity, 72.77 kJ/mol, thus hydride is so basic that it is unknown in solution. The reactivity of the hypothetic hydride ion is dominated by its exothermic protonation to give dihydrogen: The hydrogen anion is a negative hydrogen ion, H−. It is an important constituent of the atmosphere of stars, such as the Sun, where it is the dominant absorber of photons with energies in the range 0. ... Cavities and channels in Electride An electride is an ionic compound in which an electron is the anion. ... An anion is an ion with negative charge. ... e- redirects here. ... In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... The electron affinity, Eea, of an atom or molecule is the energy required to detach an electron from a singly charged negative ion, i. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ...

H⁻ + H⁺ → H₂; ΔH = −1675 kJ/mol

As a result, the hydride ion is one of the strongest bases known. It would extract protons from almost any hydrogen-containing species. The low electron affinity of hydrogen and the strength of the H–H bond (436 kJ/mol) means that the hydride ion would also be a strong reducing agent: t In thermodynamics and molecular chemistry, the enthalpy or heat content (denoted as H or ΔH, or rarely as χ) is a quotient or description of thermodynamic potential of a system, which can be used to calculate the useful work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system under constant pressure. ... Acids and bases: Acid-base reaction pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Acid-base extraction Acidity function Proton affinity Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Superacids Lewis acids Mineral acids Organic acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases Superbases Lewis bases Organic bases edit In chemistry, a base is... A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is the element or a compound in a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction (see electrochemistry) that reduces another species. ...

H₂ + 2e⁻ ⇌ 2H⁻; E^o = −2.25 V

It has been suggested that Electrode potential be merged into this article or section. ...

Ionic hydrides

In ionic hydrides the hydrogen behaves as a halogen and obtains an electron from the metal to form a hydride ion (H⁻), thereby attaining the stable electron configuration of helium by filling its 1s-orbital. The other element is a metal more electropositive than hydrogen, usually one of the alkali metals or alkaline earth metals. The hydrides are called binary if they only involve two elements including hydrogen. Chemical formulae for binary ionic hydrides typically MH (as in LiH). As the charge on the metal increases, the M-H bonding becomes more covalent as in MgH₂ and AlH₃. Ionic hydrides are commonly encountered as basic reagents in organic synthesis: The halogens or halogen elements are a series of nonmetal elements from Group 17 (old-style: VII or VIIA; Group 7 IUPAC Style) of the periodic table, comprising fluorine, F, chlorine, Cl, bromine, Br, iodine, I, and astatine, At. ... e- redirects here. ... It has been suggested that Properties and uses of metals be merged into this article or section. ... Electron atomic and molecular orbitals In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the arrangement of electrons in an atom, molecule, or other physical structure (eg, a crystal). ... General Name, Symbol, Number helium, He, 2 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18, 1, s Appearance colorless Standard atomic weight 4. ... The alkali metals are a chemical series. ... The alkaline earth metals are the series of elements in Group 2 of the periodic table: beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and radium (not always considered due to its very short half-life). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... General Name, Symbol, Number lithium, Li, 3 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 2, s Appearance silvery white/grey Standard atomic weight 6. ... General Name, symbol, number magnesium, Mg, 12 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, period, block 2, 3, s Appearance silvery white solid at room temp Standard atomic weight 24. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Standard atomic weight 26. ... A reagent or reactant is any substance used in a chemical reaction. ... Organic synthesis is the construction of organic molecules via chemical processes. ...

C₆H₅C(O)CH₃ + KH → C₆H₅C(O)CH₂K + H₂

Such reactions are heterogeneous, the KH does not dissolve. Typical solvents for such reactions are ethers. Water cannot serve as a medium for pure ionic hydrides or LAH because the hydride ion is a stronger base than hydroxide. Hydrogen gas is liberated in a typical acid-base reaction. Acetophenone is a crystalline ketone that is used as a solvent for cellulose ethers and esters in the manufacture of alcohol-soluble resins. ... Potassium hydride, KH, is a chemical compound of potassium and hydrogen. ... Ether is the general name for a class of chemical compounds which contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two (substituted) alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R – O–R.[1] A typical example is the solvent and anesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as ether... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... Acids and bases: Acid-base reaction pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Acid-base extraction Acidity function Proton affinity Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Superacids Lewis acids Mineral acids Organic acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases Superbases Lewis bases Organic bases edit In chemistry, a base is... Hydroxide is a polyatomic ion consisting of oxygen and hydrogen: OH− It has a charge of −1. ...

NaH + H₂O → H₂ (gas) + NaOH ΔH = −83.6 kJ/mol, ΔG = −109.0 kJ/mol

Alkali metal hydrides react with metal halides. Lithium aluminium hydride (often abbreviated as LAH) arises from from reactions with aluminium chloride. General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy is a thermodynamic potential which measures the useful work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system at a constant temperature and pressure. ... Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4), commonly abbreviated to LAH, is a powerful reducing agent used in organic chemistry. ... Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) is a compound of aluminium and chlorine. ...

4 LiH + AlCl₃ → LiAlH₄ + 3 LiCl

Ionic lattice structure of lithium hydride Lithium hydride (LiH) is the compound of lithium and hydrogen. ...

Covalent hydrides

In covalent hydrides, hydrogen is covalently bonded to more electropositive element such as p-block (boron, aluminium, and Group 4-7) elements as well as beryllium. Common compounds include the hydrocarbons and ammonia could be considered as hydrides of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. Charge neutral covalent hydrides that are molecular are often volatile at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Some covalent hydrides are not volatile because they are polymeric, i.e. nonmolecular, such as the binary hydrides of aluminium and beryllium. Replacing some hydrogen atoms in such compounds with larger ligands, one obtains molecular derivatives. For example, diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL) consists of two aluminium centers bridged by hydride ligands. Hydrides that are soluble in common solvents are widely used in organic synthesis. Particularly common are sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) and lithium aluminium hydride and hindred reagents such as DIBAL. Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or sometimes between atoms and other covalent bonds. ... Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom or molecule to attract electrons in the context of a chemical bond. ... General Name, Symbol, Number boron, B, 5 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 13, 2, p Appearance black/brown Standard atomic weight 10. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13, 3, p Appearance silvery Standard atomic weight 26. ... General Name, symbol, number beryllium, Be, 4 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, period, block 2, 2, s Appearance white-gray metallic Standard atomic weight 9. ... In chemistry, a hydrocarbon is a cleaning solution consisting only of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... General Name, symbol, number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... Diurnal (daily) rhythm of air pressure in northern Germany (black curve is air pressure) Atmospheric pressure is the pressure at any point in the Earths atmosphere. ... In chemistry, a ligand is an atom, ion, or molecule (see also: functional group) that generally donates one or more of its electrons through a coordinate covalent bond to, or shares its electrons through a covalent bond with, one or more central atoms or ions (these ligands act as a... DIBAH (diisobutylaluminium hydride) is a reducing agent with the formula iBu2AlH, where iBu represents an isobutyl group. ... Organic synthesis is the construction of organic molecules via chemical processes. ... Sodium borohydride, also known as sodium tetrahydroborate, has the chemical formula NaBH4. ...

Transition metal hydrido complexes

Most transition metal complexes form molecular compounds described as hydrides. Usually such compounds are discussed in the context of organometallic chemistry. Transition metal hydrides are intermediates in many industrial processes that rely on metal catalysts, such as hydroformylation, hydrogenation, and hydrodesulfurization. Two famous examples, HCo(CO)₄ and H₂Fe(CO)₄, are acidic thus demonstrating that the term hydride is used very broadly. Deprotonation of dihydrogen complexes gives metal hydrides. A complex in chemistry and biochemistry is a reversible association of molecules, atoms, or ions through weak non-covalent chemical bonds. ... n-butyllithium, an organometallic compound. ... Hydroformylation is the transformation of an alkene to an aldehyde via the addition of both H2 and CO. The aldehyde has one more carbon atom than the precursor alkene. ... Hydrogenation is a class of chemical reactions which result an addition of hydrogen (H2) usually to unsaturated organic compounds. ... Hydrodesulfurization is one means of lowering the sulfur content of liquids from oil/coal. ... Dihydrogen complexes are coordination complexes containing intact H2 as a ligand. ...

Interstitial hydrides of the transitional metals

Structurally related to the saline hydrides, the transition metals form binary hydrides which are often non-stoichiometric, with variable amounts of hydrogen atoms in the lattice, where they can migrate through it. In materials engineering, the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement is a consequence of interstitial hydrides. Palladium absorbs up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen at room temperatures, forming palladium hydride, and was therefore once thought as a means to carry hydrogen for vehicular fuel cells. Hydrogen gas is liberated proportional to the applied temperature and pressure but not to the chemical composition. In chemistry, stoichiometry is the study of the combination of elements in chemical reactions. ... Materials engineering is a discipline related to materials science which focusses on materials design, processing techniques (casting, rolling, welding, ion implantation, crystal growth, thin film deposition, sintering, glassblowing, etc. ... Hydrogen embrittlement is the process by which various metals, most importantly high-strength steel, become brittle and crack following exposure to hydrogen. ... General Name, Symbol, Number palladium, Pd, 46 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 5, d Appearance silvery white metallic Standard atomic weight 106. ... Palladium hydride is metallic palladium that contains a substantial quantity of hydrogen within its crystal lattice. ... A fuel cell is an electrochemical device similar to a battery, but differing from the latter in that it is designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; i. ...

Interstitial hydrides show certain promise as a way for safe hydrogen storage. During last 25 years many interstitial hydrides were developed that readily absorb and discharge hydrogen at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. They are usually based on intermetallic compounds and solid-solution alloys. However, their application is still limited, as they are capable of storing only about 2 weight percent of hydrogen, which is not enough for automotive applications. Intermetallics is concerned with all aspects of ordered chemical compounds between two or more metals and notably with their applications. ...

Nomenclature

Various metal hydrides are currently being studied for use as a means of hydrogen storage in fuel cell-powered electric cars and batteries. They also have important uses in organic chemistry as powerful reducing agents, and many promising uses in hydrogen economy. The following is a list of main group hydride nomenclature: A fuel cell is an electrochemical device similar to a battery, but differing from the latter in that it is designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; i. ... Symbols representing a single Cell (top) and Battery (bottom), used in circuit diagrams. ... Organic chemistry is a specific discipline within chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of chemical compounds consisting of primarily carbon and hydrogen, which may contain any number of other elements, including nitrogen, oxygen, halogens as well... A reducing agent (also called a reductant or reducer) is the element or a compound in a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction (see electrochemistry) that reduces another species. ... A hydrogen economy is a hypothetical economy in which energy is stored and transported as hydrogen (H2). ...

• alkali and alkaline earth metals: metal hydride
• boron: borane and rest of the group as metal hydride
• carbon: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and all hydrocarbons
• silicon: silane
• germanium: germane
• tin: stannane
• lead: plumbane
• nitrogen: ammonia ('azane' when substituted), hydrazine
• phosphorus: phosphine ('phosphane' when substituted)
• arsenic: arsine ('arsane' when substituted)
• antimony: stibine ('stibane' when substituted)
• bismuth: bismuthine ('bismuthane' when substituted)

According to the convention above, the following are "hydrogen compounds" and not "hydrides": The alkali metals are a series of elements comprising Group 1 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). ... The alkaline earth metals are the series of elements in Group 2 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra) (not always considered due to its radioactivity and very short half-life). ... General Name, Symbol, Number boron, B, 5 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 13, 2, p Appearance black/brown Standard atomic weight 10. ... A borane is an inorganic chemical compound of boron and hydrogen. ... General Name, symbol, number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... Chemical structure of methane, the simplest alkane Alkanes are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) (i. ... The chemical structure of ethylene, the simplest alkene. ... The structural formula of 2-butyne, a simple alkyne-containing molecule Alkynes are hydrocarbons that have at least one triple bond between two carbon atoms, with the formula CnH2n-2. ... Oil refineries are key to obtaining hydrocarbons; crude oil is processed through several stages to form desirable hydrocarbons, used in fuel and other commercial products. ... General Name, Symbol, Number silicon, Si, 14 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 14, 3, p Appearance as coarse powder, dark grey with bluish tinge Standard atomic weight 28. ... Silane is a chemical compound with chemical formula SiH4. ... General Name, Symbol, Number germanium, Ge, 32 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 14, 4, p Appearance grayish white Atomic mass 72. ... General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Standard atomic weight 118. ... Stannane - tin tetrahydride. ... For Pb as an abbreviation, see PB. General Name, Symbol, Number lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series Post-transition metals or poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 6, p Appearance bluish gray Standard atomic weight 207. ... Plumbane, PbH4, is a metal hydride comprised of lead and hydrogen. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... In organic chemistry, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms substituted in place of a hydrogen atom on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon. ... Hydrazine should not be confused with Hydergine (Ergoloid mesylates) an ergot alkaloid Hydrazine is the chemical compound with formula N2H4, widely used in chemical synthesis. ... General Name, Symbol, Number phosphorus, P, 15 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 3, p Appearance waxy white/ red/ black/ colorless Standard atomic weight 30. ... Phosphine is the common name for phosphorus hydride (PH3), also known by the IUPAC name phosphane and, occasionally, phosphamine. ... General Name, Symbol, Number arsenic, As, 33 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15, 4, p Appearance metallic gray Standard atomic weight 74. ... Arsine, the simplest compound of arsenic, is AsH3. ... General Name, Symbol, Number antimony, Sb, 51 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous grey Standard atomic weight 121. ... Stibine is a colourless gas formed by the reaction of certain antimony compounds with water or reducing agents. ... General Name, Symbol, Number bismuth, Bi, 83 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 15, 6, p Appearance lustrous reddish white Atomic mass 208. ... Bimuthine is the highly unstable molecule BiH3. ...

• oxygen: water ('oxidane' when substituted), hydrogen peroxide
• sulfur: hydrogen sulfide ('sulfane' when substituted)
• selenium: hydrogen selenide ('selane' when substituted)
• tellurium: hydrogen telluride ('tellane' when substituted)
• halogens: hydrogen halides

Examples: General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sulfur, S, 16 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 3, p Appearance lemon yellow Standard atomic weight 32. ... Hydrogen sulfide (hydrogen sulphide in British English), H2S, is a colorless, toxic, flammable gas that is responsible for the foul odor of rotten eggs and flatulence. ... Se redirects here. ... Hydrogen selenide is H2Se, the simplest hydride of selenium. ... General Name, Symbol, Number tellurium, Te, 52 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 16, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Standard atomic weight 127. ... Hydrogen telluride is H2Te, the simplest hydride of tellurium. ... The halogens or halogen elements are a series of nonmetal elements from Group 17 (old-style: VII or VIIA; Group 7 IUPAC Style) of the periodic table, comprising fluorine, F, chlorine, Cl, bromine, Br, iodine, I, and astatine, At. ...

• nickel hydride - used in NiMH batteries
• palladium hydride - electrodes in cold fusion experiments
• lithium aluminium hydride - a powerful reducing agent used in organic chemistry
• sodium borohydride - selective specialty reducing agent, hydrogen storage in fuel cells
• sodium hydride - a powerful base used in organic chemistry
• diborane - reducing agent, rocket fuel, semiconductor dopant, catalyst, used in organic synthesis; also borane, pentaborane and decaborane
• arsine - used for doping semiconductors
• stibine - used in semiconductor industry
• phosphine - used for fumigation
• silane - many industrial uses, eg. manufacture of composite materials and water repellents
• ammonia - coolant, fertilizer, many other industrial uses
• hydrogen sulfide - component of natural gas, important source of sulfur
• chemically even water and hydrocarbons could be considered hydrides

Modern, high capacity NiMH batteries A Nickel metal hydride (or NiMH) battery is a type of rechargeable battery similar to a nickel-cadmium (NiCad) battery but without the expensive and environmentally unfriendly metal cadmium. ... Modern, high capacity NiMH batteries A Nickel metal hydride (or NiMH) battery is a type of rechargeable battery similar to a nickel-cadmium (NiCad) battery but without the expensive and environmentally unfriendly metal cadmium. ... Palladium hydride is metallic palladium that contains a substantial quantity of hydrogen within its crystal lattice. ... Doctor Who novel, see Cold Fusion (Doctor Who). ... Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4), commonly abbreviated to LAH, is a powerful reducing agent used in organic chemistry. ... Sodium borohydride, also known as sodium tetrahydroborate, has the chemical formula NaBH4. ... Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell or DBFCs are a subcategory of Proton-exchange fuel cells where the fuel is a solution of Sodium borohydride. ... Sodium hydride is a highly flammable, and corrosive chemical compound with formula NaH and CAS number 7646-69-7. ... Diborane is a colorless gas at room temperature with a repulsive, sweet odor. ... A borane is an inorganic chemical compound of boron and hydrogen. ... Pentaborane is a chemical compound considered in the 1950s as a good prospect for a rocket or jet fuel by the U.S. armed services, a so-called exotic fuel. Its chemical structure is that of five atoms of boron compounded with nine atoms of hydrogen (B5H9). ... Decaborane (B10H14) is a stable, crystalline borane. ... Arsine, the simplest compound of arsenic, is AsH3. ... Doping is generally the practice of adding impurities to something. ... A semiconductor is a material that is an insulator at very low temperature, but which has a sizable electrical conductivity at room temperature. ... Stibine is a colourless gas formed by the reaction of certain antimony compounds with water or reducing agents. ... A semiconductor is a fuckin solid whose electrical conductivity is in between that of a metal and that of an insulator, and can be controlled over a wide range, either permanently or dynamically. ... Phosphine is the common name for phosphorus hydride (PH3), also known by the IUPAC name phosphane and, occasionally, phosphamine. ... Fumigation is a method of pest control that completely fills an area with gaseous pesticides to suffocate or poison the pests within. ... Silane is a chemical compound with chemical formula SiH4. ... A cloth of woven carbon fiber filaments, a common element in composite materials Composite materials (or composites for short) are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties and which remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... A coolant, or heat transfer fluid, is a fluid which flows through a device in order to prevent its overheating, transferring the heat produced by the device to other devices that utilize or dissipate it. ... Spreading manure, an organic fertilizer Fertilizers (also spelled fertilisers) are compounds given to plants to promote growth; they are usually applied either via the soil, for uptake by plant roots, or by foliar feeding, for uptake through leaves. ... Hydrogen sulfide (hydrogen sulphide in British English), H2S, is a colorless, toxic, flammable gas that is responsible for the foul odor of rotten eggs and flatulence. ... Natural gas is a gaseous fossil fuel consisting primarily of methane but including significant quantities of ethane, butane, propane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and hydrogen sulfide. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sulfur, S, 16 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 3, p Appearance lemon yellow Standard atomic weight 32. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... Oil refineries are key to obtaining hydrocarbons; crude oil is processed through several stages to form desirable hydrocarbons, used in fuel and other commercial products. ...

Isotopes of hydride

Protide, deuteride, and tritide are used to describe ions or compounds, which contain enriched hydrogen-1, deuterium or tritium, respectively. // Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes, for example separating natural uranium into enriched uranium and depleted uranium. ... A hydrogen atom is an atom of the element hydrogen. ... Deuterium, also called heavy hydrogen, is a stable isotope of hydrogen with a natural abundance in the oceans of Earth of approximately one atom in 6500 of hydrogen (~154 PPM). ... Tritium (symbol T or 3H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. ...

Precedence convention

According to IUPAC convention, by precedence (stylized electronegativity), hydrogen falls between group 15 and group 16 elements. Therefore we have NH₃, 'nitrogen hydride' (ammonia), versus H₂O, 'hydrogen oxide' (water). IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... The Nitrogen group elements (a. ... The chalcogens (with the ch pronounced with a hard c as in chemistry) are the name for the periodic table group 16 (old-style: VIB or VIA) in the periodic table. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ...

External links

• IUPAC hydride nomenclature