 | This article is largely based on the article in the out-of-copyright 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, which was produced in 1911. It should be brought up to date to reflect subsequent history or scholarship (including the references, if any). When you have completed the review, replace this notice with a simple note on this article's talk page. Thanks! | For hydrotherapy in dogs, see Canine hydrotherapy. Hydrotherapy, formerly called hydropathy involves the use of water for soothing pains and treating diseases. Image File history File links Mergefrom. ...
Treatment bath at a spa in Hot Springs, Arkansas Balneotherapy involves the treatment of disease by bathing. ...
Image File history File links Gnome_globe_current_event. ...
Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ...
Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
A Beagle swimming in a harness in a hydrotherapy pool Canine hydrotherapy is a form of hydrotherapy directed at the treatment of chronic conditions, post-operative recovery, and pre-operative or general fitness in dogs. ...
Its use has been recorded in ancient Egyptian, Greek and Roman civilizations. Egyptian royalty bathed with essential oils and flowers, while Romans had communal public baths for their citizens. It has been long accepted that hot water springs can improve health by increasing circulation. Hippocrates prescribed bathing in spring water for sickness. A Dominican monk, Sebastian Kneipp, again revived it during the 19th century. His book My Water Cure in 1886 was published and translated into many languages. Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ...
An essential oil is a concentrated, hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aromatic compounds from plants. ...
For other uses, see Hippocrates (disambiguation). ...
Sebastian Kneipp (May 17, 1821, Stephansried, Germany – June 17, 1897 in Wörishofen) was a Bavarian priest and one of the founders of the Naturopathic medicine movement. ...
The use of water to treat rheumatic diseases has a long history. Today, hydrotherapy is used to treat musculoskeletal disorders such as arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or spinal cord injuries and in patients suffering burns, spasticity, stroke or paralysis. It is also used to treat orthopedic and neurological conditions in dogs and horses and to improve fitness. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can affect the bodys muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves. ...
Immersion in water - and doing exercises in water - has always been a popular therapy. Thousands of years of treatments have built an enormous amount of expertise but the alleged benefits had little supporting evidence from science until approximately 30 years ago. A 2006 survey of research in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases discusses the vast amount of high-quality studies showing the effectiveness of hydrotherapy. A new field of research focuses on the cost-effectiveness of hydrotherapy vs. other forms of treatment.
The following material is from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica and thus represents the state of the field at the beginning of the 1900s. (Redirected from 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica) The Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) in many ways represents the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. ...
Like many descriptive names the word "hydropathy" is defective and even misleading, the active agents in the treatment being heat and cold, of which water is little more than a vehicle and not the only one. "Thermotherapeutics" (or "thermotherapy") is a term less open to objection.
 Instrument to help handicapped or heavy people to enter the bathtub Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (480x640, 156 KB) Details from a Spa in Hot Springs Arkansas. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (480x640, 156 KB) Details from a Spa in Hot Springs Arkansas. ...
History
Hydropathy as a formal system dates from about 1829 when Vincent Priessnitz (1799 – 1851), a farmer of Gräfenberg in Silesia, Austrian Empire, began his public career in the paternal homestead extended so as to accommodate the increasing numbers attracted by the fame of his cures. Two English works, however, on the medical uses of water had been translated into German in the century preceding the rise of the movement under Priessnitz. One of these was by Sir John Floyer (1649 – 1734), a physician of Lichfield, who, struck by the remedial use of certain springs by the neighboring peasantry, investigated the history of cold bathing and published in 1702 his IvxpoXovoLa, or the History of Cold Bathing, both Ancient and Modern. The book ran through six editions within a few years and the translation was largely drawn upon by Dr J. S. Hahn of Silesia in a work published in 1738 On the Healing Virtues of Cold Water, Inwardly and Outwardly applied, as proved by Experience. The other work was that of Dr James Currie (1756 – 1805) of Liverpool entitled Medical Reports on the Effects of Water, Cold and Warm, as a remedy in Fevers and other Diseases published in 1797 and soon after translated into German by Michaelis (1801) and Hegewisch (1807). It was highly popular and first placed the subject on a scientific basis. Hahns writings had meanwhile created much enthusiasm among his countrymen, societies having been everywhere formed to promote the medicinal and dietetic use of water; and in 1804 Professor Ortel of Ansbach republished them and quickened the popular movement by unqualified commendation of water drinking as a remedy for all diseases. In him the rising Priessnitz found a zealous advocate, and doubtless an instructor also. Chapel on the Vincent Priessnitz vault, Gräfenberg Hill, JesenÃk Vincent Priessnitz (October 4, 1799-November 28, 1851) originated the alternative medicine practices of hydrotherapy and the Nature Cure, which stressed remedies such as fresh air and mountain water over conventional medicine. ...
Location of LáznÄ› JesenÃk in the Czech Republic Chapel on the Vincent Priessnitz vault, Gräfenberg Hill, JesenÃk LáznÄ› JesenÃk (until 1948 and in German Gräfenberg) is small village in Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. ...
Silesia (English pronunciation [], Czech: ; German: ; Latin: ; Polish: ; Silesian: Ślůnsk) is a historical region in central Europe, located along the upper and middle Oder River, upper Vistula River, and along the Sudetes, Carpathian (Silesian Beskids) mountain range. ...
Anthem Volkshymne (Peoples Anthem) The Austrian Empire Capital Vienna Language(s) German Hungarian Romanian Czech Slovakian Slovenian Croatian Serbian Italian Polish Ruthenian Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy History - Established 1804 - Ausgleich 1867 The Crown of the Austrian Emperor The Austrian Empire (German: ) was a modern era successor empire founded...
Sir John Floyer (1649 - February 1, 1734), English physician and author, was born at Hinters in Staffordshire, and was educated at Oxford. ...
James Currie (born May 31, 1756 in Dumfriesshire, Scotland; died August 31, 1805 in Sidmouth) was a Scottish physician and editor of Robert Burns. ...
Adolf Michaelis (Adolph Michaelis) Georg Michaelis Johann David Michaelis Wilhelm Michaelis Peter Michaelis Leonor Michaelis Michaelis-Menten kinetics Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction St. ...
The southeasternmost neighborhood in Chicago, home of a South Shore Line Commuter Rail Station, Categories: Substubs ...
At Gräfenberg, to which the fame of Priessnitz drew people of every rank and many countries, medical men were conspicuous by their numbers, some being attracted by curiosity, others by the desire of knowledge, but the majority by the hope of cure for ailments which had as yet proved incurable. Many records of experiences at Gräfenberg were published, all more or less favorable to the claims of Priessnitz, and some enthusiastic in their estimate of his genius and penetration; Captain Claridge introduced hydropathy into England in 1840, his writings and lectures, and later those of Sir W. Erasmus Wilson (1809 – 1884), James Manby Gully (1808 – 1883) and Edward Johnson, making numerous converts, and filling the establishments opened soon after at Islalvern and elsewhere. In Germany, France and America hydropathic establishments multiplied with great rapidity. Antagonism ran high between the old practice and the new. Unsparing condemnation was heaped by each on the other; and a legal prosecution, leading to a royal commission of inquiry, served but to make Priessnitz and his system stand higher in public estimation. Dr James Manby Gully (1808 - 1883), was a Victorian medical doctor, well known for practising hydrotherapy, or the water cure. Along with his partner James Wilson, he founded a very successful hydropathy (as it was then called) clinic in Malvern, Worcestershire, which attracted many notable Victorians, including such figures as...
Edward Johnson may refer to: Edward Johnson (general) (1816–1873), American Civil War Edward H. Johnson (born 1846?), inventor, electric Christmas tree lights Edward Johnson (soccer) (born 1984), American Edward Mead Johnson (1852–1934), co-founder of Johnson and Johnson Edward Johnson (finance) Edward Johnson (mayor), former mayor of Baltimore...
A hydropathic establishment is a place where people are given water therapy. ...
In states that are Commonwealth Realms a Royal Commission is a major government public inquiry into an issue. ...
Increasing popularity diminished before long that timidity which had in great measure prevented trial of the new method from being made on the weaker and more serious class of cases, and had caused hydropathists to occupy themselves mainly with a sturdy order of chronic invalids well able to bear a rigorous regimen and the severities of unrestricted crisis. The need of a radical adaptation to the former class was first adequately recognized by John Smedley, a manufacturer of Derbyshire, who, impressed in his own person with the severities as well as the benefits of the cold water cure, practised among his workpeople a milder form of hydropathy, and began about 1852 a new era in its history, founding at Matlock a counterpart of the establishment at Gräfenberg. John Smedley John Smedley founded Knight Technologies, which developed contract games like Double Dragon (Atari Lynx), Dirty Larry Renegade Cop (Atari Lynx), Qix (Atari Lynx), Keys to Maramon (Amiga) and Kawasaki Caribbean Challenge (SNES). ...
Derbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England. ...
Matlock is the county town of Derbyshire, England, United Kingdom. ...
Ernst Brand (1826 – 1897) of Berlin, Raljen and Theodor von Jurgensen of Kiel, and Karl Liebermeister (1833 – 1901) of Basel, between 1860 and 1870, employed the cooling bath in abdominal typhus with striking results, and led to its introduction to England by Dr Wilson Fox. In the Franco-German War the cooling bath was largely employed, in conjunction frequently with quinine; and it now holds a recognized position in the treatment of hyperpyrexia. The wet sheet pack has become part of medical practice; the Turkish bath, introduced by David Urquhart (1805 – 1877) into England on his return from the East, and ardently adopted by Richard Barter, has become a public institution, and, with the morning tub and the general practice of water drinking, is the most noteworthy of the many contributions by hydropathy to public health. Battle of Gravelotte Main article: Battle of Gravelotte Battle of Sedan Main article: Battle of Sedan The French were soundly defeated in several battles owing to the military superiority of the Prussian forces and their commanders. ...
Quinine (IPA: ) is a natural white crystalline alkaloid having antipyretic (fever-reducing), antimalarial, analgesic (painkilling), and anti-inflammatory properties and a bitter taste. ...
In medicine, hyperpyrexia is an excessive and unusual elevation of body temperature above 107. ...
This article is about the Turkish bath establishment. ...
David Urquhart (1805 - May 16, 1877) was a British diplomat and writer. ...
Richard Barter (1802 - October 3, 1970) was an Irish physician and proponent of hydropathy. ...
Form of hydrotherapy The appliances and arrangements by means of which heat and cold are brought to bear on the economy are(a) Packings, hot and cold, general and local, sweating and cooling; (b) hot air and steam baths; (c) general baths, of hot water and cold; (d) sitz, spinal, head and foot baths; (e) bandages (or compresses), wet and dry; also (f) fomentations and poultices, hot and cold, sinapisms, stupes, rubbings and water potations, hot and cold.
Packings The full pack consists of a wet sheet enveloping the body, with a number of dry blankets packed tightly over it, including a macintosh covering or not. In an hour or less these are removed and a general bath administered. The pack is a derivative, sedative, sudorific and stimulator of cutaneous excretion. There are numerous modifications of it, notably the cooling pack, where the wrappings are loose and scanty, permitting evaporation, and the application of indefinite duration, the sheet being rewetted as it dries; this is of great value in protracted febrile conditions. There are also local packs, to trunk, limbs or head separately, which are derivative, soothing or stimulating, according to circumstance and detail.
Hot air baths Hot air baths or saunas, the chief of which is the Turkish (properly, the Roman) bath, consisting of two or more chambers ranging in temperature from 120°F to 212°F or higher, but mainly used at 150°F for curative purposes. Exposure is from twenty minutes up to two hours according to the effect sought, and is followed by a general bath, and occasionally by soaping and shampooing. It is stimulating, derivative, depurative, sudorific and alternative, powerfully promoting tissue change by increase of the natural waste and repair. It determines the blood to the surface, reducing internal congestions, is a potent diaphoretic, and, through the extremes of heat and cold, is an effective nervous and vascular stimulant and tonic. Morbid growths and secretions, as also the uraemic, gouty and rheumatic diathesis, are beneficially influenced by it. The full pack and Turkish bath have between them usurped the place and bettered the function of the once familiar hot bath. The Russian or steam bath and the lamp bath are primitive and inferior varieties of the modern Turkish bath, the atmosphere of which cannot be too dry and pure. For the music festival in Finland, see Sauna Open Air Metal Festival. ...
A diaphoretic is a drug which increases perspiration. ...
General baths General baths comprise the rain (or needle), spray (or rose), shower, shallow, plunge, douche, wave and common morning sponge baths, with the dripping sheet, and hot and cold spongings, and are combinations, as a rule, of hot and cold water.
Local baths Local baths comprise the sitz The SITZ bath product - this is from Disabled Living Foundations DLF Data historical archives(or sitting), douche (or spouting), spinal, foot and head baths, of hot or cold water, singly or in combination, successive or alternate. The sitz, head and foot baths are used flowing on occasion. The application of cold by Leiters tubes is effective for reducing inflammation (e.g. in meningitis and in sunstroke); in these a network of metal or indiarubber tubing is fitted to the part affected, and cold water kept continuously flowing through them. Rapid alternations of hot and cold water have a powerful effect in vascular stasis and lethargy of the nervous system and absorbents, yielding valuable results in local congestions and chronic inflammations. Meningitis is the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the central nervous system, known collectively as the meninges. ...
Hyperthermia is an acute condition resulting from excessive exposure to heat, it is also known as heat stroke or sunstroke. ...
Compresses Bandages (or compresses) are of two kinds,cooling, of wet material left exposed for evaporation, used in local infiammations and fevers; and heating, of the same, covered with waterproof material, used in congestion, external or internal, for short or long periods. Poultices, warm, of bread, linseed, bran, &c., changed but twice in twenty-four hours, are identical in action with the heating bandage, and superior only in the greater warmth and consequent vital activity their closer application to the skin ensures.
Other Fomentations and poultices, hot or cold, sinapisms, stupes, rubefacients, irritants, frictions, kneadings, calisthenics, gymnastics, electricity, &c., are adjuncts largely employed.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.Among the numerous earlier works on hydropathy, the following are worth mention: Balbirnie, Water Cure in Consumption (1847), Hydropathic Aphorisms (1856) and A Plea for the Turkish Bath (1862); Beni-Barde, Trait dhydrothrapie (1874); Claridge, Cold Water Cure, or Hydropathy (1841), Facts and Evidei~zce in Support of Hydropathy (1843) and Cold Water, Tepid Water ahd Friction Cure (1849); Dunlop, Philosophy of the Bath (1873); Floyer, Psychrolousia, or the History of Cold-Bathing, &c. (1702); J. S. Hahn (Schweidnitz), Observations on the Healing Virtues of Cold Water (1738); Hunter, Hydropathy for home Use (1879); E. W. Lane, Hydropathy, or the Natural System of Medical Treatment (1857); R. J. Lane, Life at the Water Cure (1851); Shew, Hydropathic Family Physician (1857); Smedley, Practical Hydropathy (1879); Smethurst, Hydrotherapia, or the Water Cure (1843); Wainwright, Inquiry into the Nature and Use of Baths (1737); Weiss, Handbook of Hydropathy (1844); Wilson Principles and Practice of the Cold Water Cure (1854) and The Water Cure (1859). A useful recent work dealing comprehensively with the subject is Richard Metcalfes Rise and Progress of Hydropathy (1906).
- No difference in effectiveness measured between treatment in a thermal bath and in an exercise bath in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- The effect of hydrotherapy on the incidence of common cold episodes in children: a randomised clinical trial
- Kneipp: Wasserkur (Hydrotherapie) (Book, German language, fulltext)
- Spa Resource
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