 Clemson University's library catalog displayed in a 3270 emulation program The IBM 3270 is a class of terminals made by IBM since 1972 (known as "display devices") normally used to communicate with IBM mainframes. As such, it was the successor to the IBM 2260 display terminal. Due to the text color on the original models, these terminals are informally known as green screen terminals. Unlike common serial ASCII terminals, the 3270 minimizes the number of I/O interrupts required by accepting large blocks of data known as datastreams, and uses a high speed proprietary communications interface, using coax cable. This is a screen shot of the Clemson University library catalog system, which runs on systems accessed by IBM 3270 terminal software. ...
This is a screen shot of the Clemson University library catalog system, which runs on systems accessed by IBM 3270 terminal software. ...
A computer terminal is an electronic or electromechanical hardware device that is used for entering data into, and displaying data from, a computer or a computing system. ...
For other uses, see IBM (disambiguation) and Big Blue. ...
SAS 8 on an IBM mainframe, seen here via one of its user interfaces, classic 3270 emulation. ...
Green screen has several meanings: Greenscreen or chroma key video-editing technique A monochrome monitor which uses P1 phosphors, therefore displaying everything in one shade of green The IBM 3270 computer terminal Category: ...
Energy Input: The energy placed into a reaction. ...
For other uses, see Data (disambiguation). ...
Look up Data stream in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
IBM stopped manufacturing terminals many years ago, but the IBM 3270 protocol is still commonly used via terminal emulation to access some mainframe-based applications. Accordingly, such applications are sometimes referred to as green screen applications. Use of 3270 is slowly diminishing over time as more and more mainframe applications acquire Web interfaces, but some web applications use the technique of "screen scraping" to capture old screens and transfer the data to modern front-ends. Today, many sites such as call centers still find the "green screen" 3270 interface to be more productive and efficient than spending resources to replace them with more modern systems. Apple Terminal. ...
WWWs historical logo designed by Robert Cailliau The World Wide Web (commonly shortened to the Web) is a system of interlinked, hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. ...
A call centre (Commonwealth English) or call center (AmE) is a centralized office of a company that answers incoming telephone calls from customers(often for the purposes of product support) , or that makes outgoing telephone calls to customers (telemarketing). ...
Principles
In a datastream, both text and control (or formatting functions) are interspersed allowing an entire screen to be "painted" as a single output operation. The concept of "formatting" in these devices allows the screen to be divided into clusters of contiguous character cells for which numerous "attributes" (colour, highlighting, character set, protection from modification) can be set. An attribute occupied a physical location on the screen which also determined the beginning and end of a "field" (separately addressable sub section of the screen).
Further, using a technique known as "read modified," the changes from any number of formatted fields that have been modified can be read as a single input without transferring any other data, another technique to enhance the terminal throughput of the CPU. Some users familiar with character interrupt-driven terminal interfaces (such as Microsoft Windows) find this technique unusual. There was also a "read buffer" capability which transferred the entire content of the 3270-screen buffer including field attributes. This was mainly used for debugging purposes to preserve the application program screen contents while replacing it, temporarily, with debugging information. CPU redirects here. ...
The first 3270s had no function keys. Later 3270s had twelve, and later twenty-four, special programmed function keys, or PF keys, and three PA (or "program attention") keys placed in one or two rows at the top of the keyboard. When one of these keys is pressed, it will cause its control unit (historically, usually, an IBM 3274 or 3174, but nowadays the onboard mainframe equivalent) to generate an I/O interrupt and present a special code identifying which key was pressed. Application program functions such as termination, page-up, page-down, or help can be invoked by a single key press, thereby reducing the load on very busy processors. A function key is a key on a computer or terminal keyboard which can be programmed so as to cause an operating system command interpreter or application program to perform certain actions. ...
In this way, the CPU is not interrupted at every keystroke, a scheme which allowed an early 3033 mainframe with only 16 MB to support up to 17,500 3270 terminals under CICS. On the other hand, vi-like behaviour was not possible. (But end-user responsiveness was arguably more predictable with 3270, something users appreciated.) For the same reason, a porting of Lotus 1-2-3 to mainframes with 3279 screens did not meet success because its programmers were not able to properly adapt the spreadsheet's user interface to a "screen at a time" rather than "character at a time" device. CICS (Customer Information Control System) is a transaction server that runs primarily on IBM mainframe systems under z/OS or z/VSE. CICS on distributed platforms is called TXSeries and it is available on AIX, Windows, Solaris and HP-UX. CICS is also available on other operating systems, notably i5...
vi editing a temporary, empty file. ...
Lotus 1-2-3 is a spreadsheet program from Lotus Software (now part of IBM). ...
In contrast, IBM's OfficeVision office productivity software enjoyed great success with 3270 interaction because of its design understanding. And for many years the PROFS calendar was the most commonly displayed screen on office terminals around the world. OfficeVision is an IBM proprietary office support application that runs on IBMs VM operating system and its user interface CMS. OfficeVision provides email, shared calendars, and shared document storage and management, and it provides an ability to link to other applications such as word/text editors. ...
OfficeVision is an IBM proprietary office support application that runs on IBMs VM operating system and its user interface CMS. (Other platform versions may have been available but were not popular. ...
In contrast also, ICI Mond Division's Works Records System, the first known shared public spreadsheet used the 3270 successfully for what was, in effect, a high powered version of today's spreadsheets with additional functions. It remained in continual use for 27 years up until 2001 and, despite its lack of a GUI, cells could be defined anywhere on the screen (not necessarily in rows or columns) and could be instantly re-configured for length, content and formulas as required. It is interesting to note that ICI's online, fully interactive system pre-dated PC spreadsheets by quite a few years and allowed multiple users to use the spreadsheets at the same time, similar to today's Web based shared spreadsheets such as Editgrid, Google Spreadsheets, and others. ICI can refer to: Imperial Chemical Industries PLC. The ICI programming language. ...
Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...
GUI can refer to the following: GUI is short for graphical user interface, a term used to describe a type of interface in computing. ...
EditGrid is a Web 2. ...
Google Spreadsheets is a Web-based spreadsheet application offered by Google. ...
As mentioned above, the Web (and HTTP) is similar to 3270 interaction because the terminal (browser) is given more responsibility for managing presentation and user input, minimizing host interaction while still facilitating server-based information retrieval and processing. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a communications protocol used to transfer or convey information on intranets and the World Wide Web. ...
Applications development has in many ways returned to the 3270 approach. In the 3270 era, all application functionality was provided centrally. With the advent of the PC, the idea was to invoke central systems only when absolutely unavoidable, and to do all application processing with local software on the personal computer. Now in the Web era (and with Wikis in particular), the application again is strongly centrally controlled, with only technical functionality distributed to the PC. A stylised illustration of a personal computer A personal computer (PC) is a computer whose original sales price, size, and capabilities make it useful for individuals, intended to be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator. ...
Third parties Many manufacturers created 3270 compatible terminals such as Hewlett Packard, or adapted ASCII terminals such as the HP 2640 series to have a similar block-mode capability which would transmit a screen at a time, with some form validation capability. Modern applications are sometimes built upon legacy 3270 applications, using software utilities to capture (screen scraping) screens and transfer the data to web pages or GUI interfaces. The HP2640 and other HP264X models were block-mode smart and intelligent terminals produced by Hewlett Packard using the new 8080 processor. ...
Models - 3277 model 1 : 16×40 terminal
- 3277 model 2 : 24×80 terminal, the biggest success of all
- 3277 model 3 : 32×80 terminal
- 3277 GA : a 3277 with an RS232C I/O, often used to drive a Tektronix 4013 or 4015 graphic screen (1024×768, monochrome)
- 3278 models 3,4,5 : next-generation, with accented characters and dead keys in countries that needed them
- model 2 : 24×80
- model 3 : 32×80
- model 4 : 43×80
- model 5 : 27×132 or 24×80 (switchable)
- 3278 PS : programmable characters; able to display monochrome graphics
- 3279 : color terminal, 4-color (text) or 7-color (graphics) version,
(Generally, 3277 models were upper-case only; lower-case capability was only added in 3278 & 3279 models.) Tektronix is a United States corporation that is currently a major presence in the test, measurement, and measuring industry. ...
A version of the IBM PC called the 3270 PC, released in October 1983, included 3270 terminal emulation. Later, the PC/G (graphics) and PC/GX (extended graphics) followed. IBM PC (IBM 5150) with keyboard and green screen monochrome monitor (IBM 5151), running MS-DOS 5. ...
The IBM 3270 PC (model 5271), released in October 1983, was an IBM PC XT containing additional hardware which could emulate the behaviour of a 3270 terminal. ...
Apple Terminal. ...
Telnet 3270 TN3270 is a slightly modified version of the Telnet protocol which allows a 3270 terminal emulator to communicate over a TCP/IP network (vs. SNA). Most standard telnet clients cannot be used as a substitute for TN3270 clients, as they use vastly different protocols and escape sequences. For the packet switched network, see Telenet. ...
Apple Terminal. ...
The Internet protocol suite is the set of communications protocols that implement the protocol stack on which the Internet and most commercial networks run. ...
Systems Network Architecture (SNA) is IBMs proprietary networking architecture created in 1974. ...
For the packet switched network, see Telenet. ...
Known TN3270 clients It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with AttachmateWRQ. (Discuss) Attachmate logo Attachmate Corporation was a major supplier of enterprise management and information access software. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with AttachmateWRQ. (Discuss) Attachmate logo Attachmate Corporation was a major supplier of enterprise management and information access software. ...
WRQ, Inc. ...
Hummingbird Ltd. ...
Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ...
References - 3270 Information Display System - 3270 Data Stream Programmer's Reference from IBM
- Introduction to Telnet 3270 from Cisco
- RFC 1041 - Telnet 3270 regime option
- RFC 1576 - TN3270 Current Practices
- RFC 2355 - TN3270 Enhancements
See also
This article was originally based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, which is licensed under the GFDL. A 3270 Emulator is a computer program that duplicates the functions of an IBM 3270 mainframe computer terminal on a PC or similar microcomputer. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
“GFDL†redirects here. ...
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