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Encyclopedia > ISO 233

The international standard ISO 233 establishes a system for Arabic transliteration (Romanization). Standards are produced by many organizations, some for internal usage only, others for use by a groups of people, groups of companies, or a subsection of an industry. ... Due to the fact that the Arabic language has a number of phonemes that have no equivalent in English or other European languages, a number of different transliteration methods have been invented to represent certain Arabic characters, due to various conflicting goals: A desire to stay consistent with traditional usage... In linguistics, romanization (or Latinization, also spelled romanisation or Latinisation) is the representation of a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, or a system for doing so, where the original word or language uses a different writing system. ...


1984 edition

The table below shows the consonants for the Arabic language. The Arabic language (Arabic: ‎ translit: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: ‎ translit: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ...

Arabic Latin Unicode Notes
Hex Dec
ء ˈ 02C8 712 hamza without carrier - vertical line (top)
ٔ◌ ˌ 02CC 716 hamza above carrier - vertical line bottom
ٕ◌ hamza below carrier (= alif)
ا ʾ 02BE 702 modifier letter right half ring
ب B b
ت T t
ث 1E6E 1E6F 7790 7791
ج Ǧ ǧ 01E6 01E7 486 487
ح 1E24 1E25 7716 7717
خ H+0331 1E96 H+817 7830 combining macron below
د D d
ذ 1E0E 1E0F 7694 7695
ر R r
ز Z z
س S s
ش Š š 0160 0161 352 353
ص 1E60 1E61 7776 7777
ض 1E0C 1E0D 7692 7693
ط 1E6C 1E6D 7788 7789
ع ʿ 02BF 703 modifier letter left half ring
غ Ġ ġ 0120 0121 288 289
ف F f
ق Q q
ك K k
ل L l
م M m
ن N n
ه H h
ة T+0308 1E97 T+776 7831 combining diaeresis
و W w
ي Y y
ى 1EF2 1EF3 7922 7923

See also

Due to the fact that the Arabic language has a number of phonemes that have no equivalent in English or other European languages, a number of different transliteration methods have been invented to represent certain Arabic characters, due to various conflicting goals: A desire to stay consistent with traditional usage... DIN 31635 is a DIN standard for the transliteration of the Arabic language. ... List of ISO standards for transliterations. ...

External links

  • Transliteration of Non-Roman Scripts -A collection of writing systems and transliteration tables, by Thomas T. Pederson. PDF reference charts include ISO 233.

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