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Encyclopedia > IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the "IUCN Red List" and "Red Data List"), created in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. It is maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... The Conservation movement seeks to protect plant and animal species as well as the habitats they live in from harmful human influences. ... In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. ... The World Conservation Union or International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization dedicated to natural resource conservation. ...


The IUCN Red List is set upon precise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. The aim is to convey the urgency of conservation issues to the public and policy makers, as well as help the international community to try to reduce species extinction. In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of taxa. ...


Established upon a strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is often recognised as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Biodiversity or biological diversity is a neologism and a portmanteau word, from bio and diversity. ...

Contents


Current release

The latest update is the 2006 Red List, released on 4 May 2006. It evaluates 40,168 species as a whole, plus an additional 2,160 subspecies, varieties, aquatic stocks, and subpopulations. 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 4 is the 124th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (125th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In taxonomy, a subspecies is the taxon immediately subordinate to a species. ... In botanical nomenclature, variety is a rank below that of species: As such, it gets a ternary name (a name in three parts). ...


From the species evaluated as a whole, 16,118 are considered threatened. Of these, 7,725 are animals, 8,390 are plants, and three are lichen and mushrooms. Phyla Subregnum Parazoa Porifera (sponges) Subregnum Agnotozoa Placozoa (trichoplax) Orthonectida (orthonectids) Rhombozoa (dicyemids) Subregnum Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) (radial symmetry) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, anemones) Bilateria (unranked) (bilateral symmetry) Acoelomorpha (basal) Orthonectida (parasitic to flatworms, echinoderms, etc. ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Marchantiophyta - liverworts Anthocerotophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... Lichenes from Ernst Haeckels Artforms of Nature, 1904 Crustose and foliose lichens on a wall A foliose lichen on basalt. ... Basidiocarps (mushrooms) of the fungus Leucocoprinus sp. ...


This release lists 784 species extinctions recorded since 1500 CE, unchanged from the 2004 release. This is an increase of 18 from the 766 listed as of 2000. Each year a small number of 'extinct' species are either rediscovered, becoming Lazarus species, or are reclassified as 'data deficient'. In 2002, the extinction list dropped to 759 species, but has been rising ever since. 1500 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Common Era (CE), sometimes known as the Christian Era or Current Era, is the period of measured time beginning with the year 1 (the traditional birthdate of Jesus) to the present. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ...


Categories

Species are classified in nine groups, set through criteria such as rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, and degree of population and distribution fragmentation.

  • Extinct
  • Extinct in the Wild
  • Critically Endangered
  • Endangered
  • Vulnerable
  • Near Threatened
  • Least Concern
  • Data Deficient
  • Not Evaluated

The older 1994 criteria had eight categories. The "Lower Risk" category contained three subcategories: Near Threatened, Least Concern, and Conservation Dependent (now merged into Near Threatened). The Wikipedia conservation status categories are loosely based on these. 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ...


When discussing the IUCN Red List, the official term "threatened" is a grouping of three categories: Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable.


See also

The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive. ... This article needs to be wikified. ...

External link

  • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

References

  • IUCN, 2006. Summary Statistics for Globally Threatened Species (1, 3a, 3b). Retrieved 5 May 2006.
  • IUCN, 1994. Categories & Criteria (version 2.3). Retrieved February 12, 2005.
  • IUCN, 2001. Categories & Criteria (version 3.1). Retrieved February 12, 2005.
  • Rodrigues, A.S.L., Pilgrim, J.D., Lamoreaux, J.L., Hoffmann, M. & Brooks, T.M. 2006. The value of the IUCN Red List for conservation. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21(2): 71-76.


 

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