Sir Ian Clunies Ross (1899-1959) is described as the 'architect' of Australia's scientific boom, for his stewardship of Australia's scientific organisation the CSIRO. Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) is the national government body for scientific research in Australia. ...

Early career

Clunies Ross was born William Ian Clunies Ross in Bathurst, New South Wales on February 22, 1899. His father's father, Robert Clunies Ross, was a brother of that John Clunies Ross who settled with his family and crew on Cocos (Keeling) Islands in 1826-7 and proclaimed a kingdom. He was educated at Newington College and in 1917 he entered the University of Sydney, in the Agriculture Faculty, and transferred to Veterinary Science at the beginning of 1918, graduating with honours in 1920. In 1921, Clunies Ross was given a temporary lectureship in veterinary anatomy, the following year he was made a Fellow of The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, allowing him to a travel overseas. He spent a year working on animal parasites at the Molteno Institute for Parasitology in Cambridge and the School of Tropical Medicine in London. He also spent time in the United States, mainly in Texas and Louisiana, where he looked at methods of field control of parasitic diseases. Bathurst is a regional centre in the state of New South Wales, Australia approximately 200km west of Sydney and is the seat of the Bathurst Regional Council Local Government Area. ... Capital Sydney Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Professor Marie Bashir Premier Morris Iemma (ALP) Federal representation  - House seats 50  - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05)  - Product ($m)  $305,437 (1st)  - Product per capita  $45,153/person (4th) Population (End of March 2006)  - Population  6,817,100 (1st)  - Density  8. ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... The King of the Cocos Islands governed the islands from 1824 to 1944 when it became part of Australia. ... Newington College is an Uniting Church all-boys school located in Sydney, Australia. ... The University of Sydney, established in Sydney in 1850, is the oldest university in Australia. ... Veterinary medicine is the application of medical diagnostic and therapeutic principles to companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife, and production animals. ... The Walter and Eliza Hall Institue of Medical Research is located in Parkville, Melbourne. ... A parasite is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life in or on the living tissue of a host organism and which causes harm to the host without immediately killing it. ... Geography Status City (1951) Region East of England Admin. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Official language(s) No Official Language See languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area  Ranked 2nd  - Total 261,797 sq mi (678,051 km²)  - Width 773 miles (1,244 km)  - Length 790 miles (1,270 km)  - % water 2. ... Official language(s) de jure: none de facto: English & French Capital Baton Rouge Largest city Baton Rouge [1] Area  Ranked 31st  - Total 51,885 sq mi (134,382 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 379 miles (610 km)  - % water 16  - Latitude 29°N to 33°N  - Longitude 89°W...

When he returned to Sydney he set up a veterinary practice, lectured at the University and continued his own research on hydatid parasite (Echinococcus granulosus), the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica), and the dog-tick (Ixodes holocyclus). He developed an immunization for dogs to protect against the dog-tick. Echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease, is a potentially fatal parasitic disease that can affect many animals, including wildlife, commercial livestock and humans. ... A parasite is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life in or on the living tissue of a host organism and which causes harm to the host without immediately killing it. ... Binomial name Echinococcus granulosus Echinococcus granulosus, also called the Hydatid worm, is a cyclophyllid cestode that parasitizes the small intestine of canids as an adult, but which has important intermediate hosts such as livestock and humans, where it causes hydatid disease. ... Binomial name Fasciola hepatica The Fasciola hepatica, commonly known as the liver fluke, is a parasitic flatworm of the class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes that infects the hepatic bile ducts of sheep and cattle, sometimes also humans, causing fascioliasis also known as fasciolosis. ... Binomial name Ixodes holocyclus , The Paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus, is one of about 75 species of Australian tick fauna and is considered the most medically important. ... A child being immunized against polio. ...

In 1926 Clunies Ross was appointed parasitologist to the newly established Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), and was funded to continue research at the Sydney University Veterinary School. On October 6th 1927, Ian married Janet Carter. They had three sons: Anthony, Adrian and David. By mid-1931, three other researchers were working with him, and in November 1931 the team moved into CSIR's new McMaster Animal Health Laboratory, Clunies Ross was appointed as the Officer-in-Charge of the laboratory. In 1928, his thesis on the hydatid parasite was accepted by the University of Sydney for the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Science. Work at the McMaster Laboratory on the control of sheep liver-fluke, made a significant improvement to animal heath and the returns from agriculture in the 1930s. Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... Species See text. ...

Science administration

Following his time at the McMaster Laboratory, Clunies Ross spent times in Asia, and he was the Australian representative at the International Wool Secretariat in London from 1937–1940. He enjoyed this administrative role. He also served as a member of Australia's Delegation to the League of Nations Assembly in 1938. He and his family returned to Australia when World War II broke out, he returned to the Veterinary school at the University of Sydney. He was president of the Australian Institute of International Affairs from 1941–1945. He was a vocal commentator on international affairs throughout the remainder of his career. World map showing the location of Asia. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The League of Nations was an international organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Established in 1933, the Australian Institute of International Affairs (AIIA) is an independent, non-profit organization seeking to promote interest in and understanding of international affairs in Australia. ...

In 1943, Clunies Ross was appointed Director of Scientific Personnel in the Commonwealth Directorate of Manpower and also Adviser on the Pastoral Industry to the Department of War Organization of Industry. He held these positions until 1945 while continuing work connected with his university position. At the end of the war he left the university to assist the CSIR in planning sheep and wool-textile research. In 1946 he was appointed a full-time member of the CSIR Executive Committee, which was situated in Melbourne. Species See text. ... Long and short hair wool at the South Central Family Farm Research Center in Boonesville, Arizona Wool is the fiber derived from the fur of animals of the Caprinae family, principally sheep, but the hair of certain species of other mammals such as goats, alpacas, llamas and rabbits may also... Melbournes CBD has grown to straddle the Yarra River in three major precincts. ...

He served as the executive officer of the CSIR until 1949 when it was renamed the CSIRO. He was chair of the CSIRO until his death in 1959. During this time he oversaw the release of myxomatosis for rabbit control in Australia. Myxomatosis (from the Greek μύξα (mucus), and ματώνω (to bleed)) is a disease which infects only rabbits. ... Genera Pentalagus Bunolagus Nesolagus Romerolagus Brachylagus Sylvilagus Oryctolagus Poelagus Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of the world. ...

Honours

• Clunies Ross was knighted in 1954 and in the same year awarded the Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George.
• Clunies Ross National Science and Technology Award.
• Clunies Ross Street in Canberra, Australia.

The dignity of Knight Bachelor is a part of the British honours system. ... On the Orders insignia, St Michael is often depicted subduing Satan. ...

References

• O'Dea, C. 1997. Ian Clunies Ross - a biography. Hyland House, South Melbourne ISBN 1-86447-018-6
• Australian Academy of Science Biography- Ian Clunies Ross [1]

External link

• Clunies Ross Foundation