An ice palace or ice castle is a castle-like structure made of blocks of ice. These blocks are usually harvested from nearby lakes when they become frozen in winter. The first known ice palace appeared in St. Petersburg, Russia and was the handiwork of Russian empress Anna. Pierrefonds Castle, France. ... Snowflakes by Wilson Bentley, 1902 Ice is the name given to any one of the 14 known solid phases of water. ... A man-made lake in Keukenhof, Netherlands A lake (from Latin lacus) is a body of water or other liquid of considerable size contained on a body of land. ... Winter is one of the four seasons of temperate zones. ... Saint Petersburg  listen (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991... H.I.M. Anna Ioannovna, Empress and Autocrat of all the Russias, Duchess of Courland Anna Ioannovna (In Russian: Анна Иоанновна) (February 7, 1693 - October 28, 1740) reigned as Duchess of Courland from 1711 to 1730 and as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. ...

Anna Ivanovna's palace

On this 1878 painting, the scared newly-weds sit on the icy bed to the left; the jocular woman in golden dress is Empress Anna herself.

In the cold winter of 1739–1740, Anna Ivanovna gave an order to build a palace made of ice in St. Petersburg. the palace and the surrounding festivities were part of celebration of Russia's victory over Turkey. She ordered the architect Pyotr Eropkin to design the building.^[1] Image File history File links Wedding at the House of Ice was a celebrated example of coarse amusements practised at the court of Anna Ioannovna. ... Image File history File links Wedding at the House of Ice was a celebrated example of coarse amusements practised at the court of Anna Ioannovna. ... // About the number 1739 1739 is the smallest integer that can be written as sum of three perfect cubes, in two ways. ... Events May 31 - Friedrich II comes to power in Prussia upon the death of his father, Friedrich Wilhelm I. October 20 - Maria Theresia of Austria inherits the Habsburg hereditary dominions (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and present-day Belgium). ... Russo–Turkish War of 1735–1739, a war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, caused by intensified contradictions over the results of the War of the Polish Succession of 1733–1735 and endless raids by the Crimean Tatars. ...

The palace was 24 meters tall and 7 meters wide. Huge ice blocks were "glued" together with water. The garden was filled with ice trees with ice birds and an ice statue of an elephant. The outer walls were lined with ice sculptures. Before the palace there were artillery pieces also made of ice. The palace was also furnished with furniture made of ice, including an ice bed with ice mattress and pillows. The whole structure was surrounded with a tall wooden fence. Ice sculpting on the streets of Gamla Stan, Stockholm Ice sculpture is a form of sculpture that uses ice as the raw material. ...

The festivities involving the Ice Palace included a mock wedding. of two jesters.

Prince Mikhail Alekseyevich Galitzine had married an Italian woman. Empress Anna saw this as an affront because she was a Catholic, not Eastern Orthodox. The wife died soon after but Anna did not forgive Galitzine and decided to punish him in an unusual manner. She first ordered him to become a jester. Peter I permitted the Galitzines to take an emblem of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania as their coat of arms The Galitzines, more correctly the Golitsyns (Russian: Голицын), are one of the largest and noblest princely houses of Russia. ... Eastern Orthodoxy (also called Greek Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy) is a Christian tradition which represents the majority of Eastern Christianity. ... It has been suggested that Joker be merged into this article or section. ...

The Empress selected prince Galitzine a new wife, an unattractive kalmyk court lady jester Avdotya Ivanovna Buzheninova. She forced the prince to marry her and displayed the newlyweds in a procession where they rode an elephant and were followed by a number of cripples and members of despised ethnic minorities. In the palace the newlyweds were closed into an icy nuptial chamber under heavy guard. The couple survived the night because the bride traded a pearl necklace with one of the guards for a sheepskin coat. The Republic of Kalmykia ( Russian: Респу́блика Калмы́кия; Kalmyk: Хальм Тангч) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ... The term disability, as it is applied to humans, refers to any condition that impedes the completion of daily tasks using traditional methods. ... Because racism carries connotations of race-based bigotry, prejudice, violence, oppression, stereotyping or discrimination, the term has varying and often hotly contested definitions. ... This article is about the concept of a minority. ...

The tradition of mock weddings have been known in Russian since tsar Peter the Great. In fact, even the wedding festivities of Anna herself included mock wedding of Peter's jester. ^[1] Peter the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov (Russian: Пётр I Алексеевич Pyotr I Alekséyevich) (9 June 1672–8 February 1725 [30 May 1672–28 January 1725 O.S.][1]) ruled Russia from 7 May (27 April O.S.) 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly...

Empress Anna died the following year and the castle did not survive the next summer.

The castle was built under the supervision of academicin Georg Kraft, who left the detailed description of the palace under the lengthy title "Подлинное и обстоятельное описание построенного в Санкт-Петербурге в генваре 1740 года ледяного дома и всех находившихся в нем домовых вещей и уборов с приложенными при том гравированными фигурами, также и некоторыми примечаниями о бывшей в 1740 году во всей Эвропе жестокой стуже, сочиненное для охотников до натуральной науки чрез Георга Вольфганга Крафта, Санкт-Петербургской Императорской Академии Наук члена и физики профессора" ^[2]

Other ice palaces

The 2004 Saint Paul Winter Carnival ice castle.

Many ice palaces have been built since. In North America, one was built in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1883. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x668, 150 KB) Summary The 2004 Saint Paul Winter Carnival ice castle. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x668, 150 KB) Summary The 2004 Saint Paul Winter Carnival ice castle. ... The 2004 Ice Palace // In 1885 a New York reporter wrote that Saint Paul was another Siberia, unfit for human habitation in winter. ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Quebec Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - City 365. ... Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Official languages French Government - Lieutenant-Governor Pierre Duchesne - Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 75 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area  Ranked 2nd - Total 1,542,056 km² (595... 1883 (MDCCCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

The capital city of Minnesota, St. Paul, has played host to several ice palaces since 1886 as part the city's Winter Carnival. Some palaces have featured ice blocks numbering in the tens of thousands. A 1992 structure had 25,000 and stretched to a height of 150 feet (45.7 meters). One built in 1941 had 30,000 ice blocks. St. Paul last built an ice palace in January 2004. Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  Ranked 12th  - Total 87,014 sq mi (225,365 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 400 miles (645 km)  - % water 8. ... Nickname: Location in Ramsey County and the state of Minnesota. ... Year 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The 2004 Ice Palace // In 1885 a New York reporter wrote that Saint Paul was another Siberia, unfit for human habitation in winter. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... January 2004 : ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September - October - November - December- → Irelands Roman Catholic and Protestant Boy Scouts organisations merge after nearly a century of division, in spite of efforts by the Roman Catholic bishops to block the merger. ...

Every year since 1954 the Quebec City Winter Carnival in Quebec City has featured ice palaces or ice castles of various sizes, depending on the budget, and has often used them to imprison briefly those persons who were judged to be too glum in this time of good cheer. Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bonhomme Carnaval is the ambassador of Carnaval de Québec The biggest winter carnival in the world, the Carnaval de Québec (known in English as the Quebec City Winter Carnival) is a celebration held yearly in Quebec City, Canada, with many activities, such as dogsled rides, night parades, snow... Motto: Don de Dieu feray valoir (I shall put Gods gift to good use) Site in the province of Quebec Coordinates: , Country  Canada Province  Quebec Agglomeration Quebec City Statute of the city Capitale-Nationale Administrative Region Capitale-Nationale Founded 1608 by Samuel de Champlain Constitution date 1833 Government  - Mayor...

Saranac Lake, New York has an annual winter carnival in which an ice palace is built. This tradition dates back to the 19th century, when it was initiated to raise the spirits of tuberculosis patients who came to the town for recuperation over the long winter. The village of Saranac Lake, bottom, with Lower Saranac Lake, above, from Baker Mountain, to the East. ... Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for tubercle bacillus) is a common and deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ...

Saparmurat Niyazov, the recently deceased dictator of Turkmenistan, ordered the construction of a huge ice palace near the capital city of Aşgabat in April 2004, despite Turkmenistan's climate and more pressing social needs. Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov (Turkmen: , Russian: [Saparmurat Ataevič Niâzov]) (b. ... AÅŸgabat AÅŸgabat (Turkmen: ; Persian: ‎, UniPers: EÅ¡q-âbâd; Russian: - Ashkhabád) also spelled as Ashgabat, Ashkabat, Ashkhabad, Ashgabad, and `Ishqábád, is the capital city of Turkmenistan, a former Soviet republic. ...

A replica of the original Ice Palace is yearly rebuilt and open for public in Saint-Petersburg, Russia since 2005. Look up replica in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... “Leningrad” redirects here. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Ice hotel

Absolut Icebar in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden (December, 2005). ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "The Construction of the Ice Palace" (Russian)
2. ^ [1]