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An ice shelf is a thick, floating platform of ice that forms where a glacier or ice sheet flows down to a coastline and onto the ocean surface. Ice shelves are found in Antarctica, Greenland and Canada only. The boundary between the floating ice shelf and the grounded (resting on bedrock) ice that feeds it is called the grounding line. When the grounding line retreats inland, water is added to the ocean and sea level rises. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Glacial and Glaciation redirect here. ...
An ice sheet is a mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50,000 km² (19,305 mile²). The only current ice sheets are Antarctic and Greenland; during the last ice age at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Laurentide ice sheet covered much of Canada...
For considerations of sea level change, in particular rise associated with possible global warming, see sea level rise. ...
In contrast, sea ice is formed on water, is much thinner, and forms throughout the Arctic Ocean. It also is found in the Southern Ocean around the continent of Antarctica. An icebreaker navigates through young (1 year old) sea ice Sea ice is formed from ocean water that freezes. ...
Ice shelves flow by gravity-driven horizontal spreading on the ocean surface. That flow continually moves ice from the grounding line to the seaward front of the shelf. The primary mechanism of mass loss from ice shelves is iceberg calving, in which a chunk of ice breaks off from the seaward front of the shelf. Typically, a shelf front will extend forward for years or decades between major calving events. Snow accumulation on the upper surface and melting from the lower surface are also important to the mass balance of an ice shelf. Icebergs at Cape York, Greenland Iceberg at Cape York, Greenland Iceberg, Tèmpanos, Patagonia, Argentina. ...
The thickness of modern-day ice shelves ranges from about 100 to 1000 meters. The density contrast between solid ice and liquid water means that only about 1/9 of the floating ice is above the ocean surface. The world's largest ice shelves are the Ross Ice Shelf and the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf in Antarctica. Ross Ice Shelf in 1997. ...
The calving of A-38 off Ronne ice shelf The Filchner-Ronne ice shelf is in Antarctica bordering the Weddell Sea. ...
[edit] Canadian ice shelves All Canadian ice shelves are attached to Ellesmere Island and lie north of 82°N: Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. ...
Before: Ellesmere Island on July 12, 2002. ...
The Milne Ice Shelf is the second largest ice shelf in the Arctic Ocean. ...
The Ward Hunt Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf in the Arctic, located on the north coast of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. ...
[edit] Antarctic ice shelves
 Processes around an Antarctic ice shelf
 Edge of Ekström Ice Shelf 44 percent of the Antarctic coastline has ice shelves attached. The individual ice shelf areas are listed below, in a clockwise manner, starting in the west of Eastern Antarctica: Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2834x1749, 313 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Katabatic wind Ice shelf Ice rise ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2834x1749, 313 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Katabatic wind Ice shelf Ice rise ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 525 pixelsFull resolution (2681 × 1758 pixel, file size: 527 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ice shelf Metadata This file contains...
Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 525 pixelsFull resolution (2681 × 1758 pixel, file size: 527 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Ice shelf Metadata This file contains...
The calving of A-38 off Ronne ice shelf The Filchner-Ronne ice shelf is in Antarctica bordering the Weddell Sea. ...
The Brunt Ice Shelf (75º40´S 025º00´W) borders the Antarctic coast of Coats Land between Dawson-Lambton Glacier and Stancomb-Wills Glacier Tongue. ...
Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf () is an ice shelf about 250 miles long on the coast of Queen Maud Land, extending from Cape Norvegia in the north to Lyddan Island and Stancomb-Wills Glacier in the south. ...
Quar Ice Shelf ( ) is the ice shelf between Cape Norvegia and Sorasen Ridge along the coast of Queen Maud Land. ...
Ekstrom Ice Shelf () is the ice shelf lying between Sorasen Ridge and Halvfarryggen Ridge, on the coast of Queen Maud Land. ...
Jelbart Ice Shelf () is an ice shelf about 40 miles wide, fronting on the coast of Queen Maud Land northward of Giaever Ridge. ...
Fimbul Ice Shelf () is an ice shelf about 120 miles long and 60 miles wide, nourished by Jutulstraumen Glacier, bordering the coast of Queen Maud Land from 3° W to 3° E. It was photographed from the air by the German Antarctic Expedition (1938-39), mapped by Norwegian cartographers from...
Edward VIII Bay () is a bay about 20 miles in extent, entered between Edward VIII Plateau and the Oygarden Group. ...
The Amery Ice Shelf (69°45′ S 71°0′ E) is a broad ice shelf at the head of Prydz Bay between the Lars Christensen Coast and Ingrid Christensen Coast. ...
The West Ice Shelf (66º40´S 085º00´E) is a prominent ice shelf extending about 288 km in an E-W direction along the Antarctic coast between Barrier Bay and Posadowsky Bay. ...
Shackleton Ice Shelf (66º00´S 100º00´E) is an extensive ice shelf fronting the coast of Antarctica for about 384 km (95E to l05E), projecting seaward about 145 km in the western portion and 64 km in the east. ...
Moscow University Ice Shelf () is a narrow ice shelf, about 120 miles long, which fringes Sabrina Coast between Totten Glacier and Paulding Bay. ...
Cook Ice Shelf () is an ice shelf about 55 miles wide, occupying a deep recession of the coastline between Cape Freshfield and Cape Hudson. ...
McMurdo Ice Shelf () is that portion of the Ross Ice Shelf bounded by McMurdo Sound and Ross Island on the north and Minna Bluff on the south. ...
Ross Ice Shelf in 1997. ...
Sulzberger Bay () is a bay between Fisher Island and Vollmer Island, along the coast of Marie Byrd Land. ...
Getz Ice Shelf is an Antarctic ice shelf, over 480 km (300 mi) long and from 32 to 96 km (20 to 60 mi) wide, bordering the Hobbs and Bakutis Coasts of Marie Byrd Land between McDonald Heights and Martin Peninsula. ...
Dotson Poop Shelf (74º24´S 112º22´W) is an ice shelf about 48 km (30 mi) wide between Martin and Bear Peninsulas on the coast of Marie Byrd Land. ...
The Abbot Ice Shelf (72º45´S 096º00´W) is an ice shelf 400 km (250 mi) long and 64 km (40 mi) wide, bordering Eights Coast from Cape Waite to Phrogner Point. ...
Venable Ice Shelf ( ) is an ice shelf, 40 miles (60 km) long and 15 miles (24 km) wide, between Fletcher and Allison Peninsulas, Ellsworth Land. ...
Wilkins Sound () is a sound that is largely occupied by the Wilkins Ice Shelf; it is located between the concave western coastline of Alexander Island and the shores of Charcot Island and Latady Island farther to the west. ...
The Wordie Ice Shelf (69º15´S 067º45´W) is a confluent glacier projecting as an ice shelf into the SE part of Marguerite Bay between Cape Berteaux and Mount Edgell, along the western coast of Antarctic Peninsula. ...
Larsen A and Larsen B iceshelves marked in red The Larsen Ice Shelf () is a long, fringing ice shelf in the northwest part of the Weddell Sea, extending along the east coast of Antarctic Peninsula from Cape Longing to the area just southward of Hearst Island. ...
The calving of A-38 off Ronne ice shelf The Filchner-Ronne ice shelf is in Antarctica bordering the Weddell Sea. ...
[edit] Ice shelf disruption In the last several decades, glaciologists have observed consistent decreases in ice shelf extent through melt, calving, and complete disintegration of some shelves.
The Ellesmere ice shelf reduced by 90 percent in the twentieth century, leaving the separate Alfred Ernest, Ayles, Milne, Ward Hunt, and Markham Ice Shelves. A 1986 survey of Canadian ice shelves found that 48 km². (3.3 cubic kilometers) of ice calved from the Milne and Ayles ice shelves between 1959 and 1974.[1] The Ayles Ice Shelf calved entirely on August 13, 2005. The Ward Hunt Ice Shelf, the largest remaining section of thick (>10 m) landfast sea ice along the northern coastline of Ellesmere Island, lost 600 square km of ice in a massive calving in 1961-1962.[2] It further decreased by 27% in thickness (13 m) between 1967 and 1999.[3] In summer 2002, the Ward Ice Shelf experienced another major breakup. [4]
Two sections of Antarctica's Larsen Ice Shelf broke apart into hundreds of unusually small fragments (100's of meters wide or less) in 1995 and 2002. Larsen A and Larsen B iceshelves marked in red The Larsen Ice Shelf () is a long, fringing ice shelf in the northwest part of the Weddell Sea, extending along the east coast of Antarctic Peninsula from Cape Longing to the area just southward of Hearst Island. ...
The breakup events may be linked to the theoretical dramatic polar warming trends that are part of global warming. The leading ideas involve enhanced ice fracturing due to surface meltwater and enhanced bottom melting due to warmer ocean water circulating under the floating ice. Global mean surface temperatures 1850 to 2006 Mean surface temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980 Global warming is the observed increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere and oceans in recent decades and the projected...
A glacier is a large, long-lasting river of ice that is formed on land and moves in response to gravity. ...
The cold, fresh water produced by melting underneath the Ross and Flichner-Ronne ice shelves is a component of Antarctic Bottom Water. Categories: Possible copyright violations ...
[edit] References - ^ Jeffries, Martin O. Ice Island Calvings and Ice Shelf Changes, Milne Ice Shelf and Ayles Ice Shelf, Ellesmere Island, N.W.T.. Arctic 39 (1) (March 1986)
- ^ Hattersley-Smith, G. The Ward Hunt Ice Shelf: recent changes of the ice front. Journal of Glaciology 4:415-424. 1963.
- ^ Vincent, W.F., J.A.E. Gibson, M.O. Jeffries. Ice-shelf collapse, climate change, and habitat loss in the Canadian high Arctic. Polar Record 37 (201): 133-142 (2001)
- ^ NASA Earth Observatory. Breakup of the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf.
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