Idi Amin Dada (mid-1920s^[1] – 16 August 2003) was an army officer and president of Uganda. Amin joined the British colonial regiment, the King's African Rifles, in 1946, and advanced to the rank of Major General and Commander of the Ugandan Army. He took power in a military coup in January 1971, deposing Milton Obote. His rule was characterized by human rights abuses, political repression, ethnic persecution, extra-judicial killings and the expulsion of Indians from Uganda. The number of people killed as a result of his regime is unknown; estimates range from 80,000 to 500,000.^[2] Image File history File links Uganda-Amin-10-Shillings-cr. ... The President of Uganda is the head of state in Uganda. ... General Mustafa Adrisi was Vice President of Uganda (1977–1978), and one of president Idi Amins closest associates. ... Obote pictured at the beginning of his second regime in 1980 Apollo Milton Obote (December 28, 1924, Apac, Uganda – October 10, 2005, Johannesburg, South Africa), Prime Minister of Uganda 1962-1966 and President of Uganda 1966-1971/1980-1985, was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence in... Yusufu Kironde Lule (1912 - 1985) was President of Uganda for a short period in 1979. ... Koboko is a district of Uganda located in the northwestern corner of the country. ... Kampala is the capital city of Uganda. ... is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... , Nickname: Location of Jeddah Coordinates: , Country Province Established 500+ BC Joint Saudi Arabia 1925 Government  - Mayor Adil Faqeeh  - City Governor Mishal Al-Saud  - Provincial Governor Khalid al Faisal Area  - Urban 1,320 km² (509. ... is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... An officer is a member of a military, naval, or if applicable, other uniformed services who holds a position of responsibility. ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ... A United Kingdom overseas territory (formerly known as a dependent territory or earlier as a crown colony) is a territory that is under the sovereignty and formal control of the United Kingdom but is not part of the United Kingdom proper (Great Britain and Northern Ireland). ... The Kings African Rifles (KAR) was a British colonial regiment in East Africa from 1902 until the independence of the various colonies in the 1960s. ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Commander is a military rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. ... The 1971 Ugandan coup détat was a military coup détat executed by the Ugandan military, led by General Idi Amin, against the government of President Milton Obote on January 25, 1971. ... Obote pictured at the beginning of his second regime in 1980 Apollo Milton Obote (December 28, 1924, Apac, Uganda – October 10, 2005, Johannesburg, South Africa), Prime Minister of Uganda 1962-1966 and President of Uganda 1966-1971/1980-1985, was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence in... Human rights are rights which some hold to be inalienable and belonging to all humans. ... Political repression is the oppression or persecution of an individual or group for political reasons, particularly for the purpose of restricting or preventing their ability to take part in the political life of society. ... Ethnic persecution or ethnic discrimination refers to perceived persecution or discrimination based on ethnicity. ... Extrajudicial punishment is physical punishment without the permission of a court or legal authority, and as such, constitutes a violation of basic human rights (such as the right to due process and humane treatment). ... On 4 August 1972, Idi Amin President of Uganda gave Ugandas 50,000 Asians (mostly Indians of Gujarati origin) 90 days to leave the country, following an alleged dream in which, he claimed, God told him to expel them. ...

Idi Amin granted himself a number of titles, and for a period in 1977 to 1979 he was titled "His Excellency President for Life, Field Marshal Al Hadji Doctor^[3] Idi Amin Dada, VC,^[4] DSO, MC, CBE^[5]."^[2] He became head of the Organisation of African Unity in 1975^[6] and during the 1977-1979 period, Uganda was appointed to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights.^[7] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The rank of Field Marshal is a high rank in the military of Uganda. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... DSO medal The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other Commonwealth countries, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. ... The Military Cross (MC) is the third level military decoration awarded to officers and (since 1993) other ranks of the British Army and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries. ... OUA redirects here. ... United Nations Commission on Human Rights - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...

Dissent within Uganda and Amin's attempt to annex the Kagera province of Tanzania in 1978 led to the Uganda-Tanzania War and the fall of his regime in 1979. Amin fled to Libya, before relocating to Saudi Arabia in 1981, where he died in 2003^[8][9]. Amin and his regime have been the subject of films and documentaries including Rise and Fall of Idi Amin (1980) and The Last King of Scotland (2006). Ceremonies during the annexation of Hawaii. ... Kagera is the northern province of Tanzania. ... Combatants Uganda Libya Tanzania Peoples Defence Force & Uganda National Liberation Army Commanders Idi Amin Tanzanian army: Julius Nyerere UNLF: Tito Okello, Yoweri Museveni, David Oyite-Ojok Strength 3,000 Libyans, unknown number of Ugandan Army troops 100,000 Tanzanians, unknown number of Ugandan resistance troops, unknown number of Rwandan... Rise and Fall of Idi Amin, also known as Amin: The Rise and Fall, is a bloody exploitation film and biopic directed in 1980 by Sharad Patel and starring Joseph Olita as Idi Amin. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... For the novel, see The Last King of Scotland. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Early life and military career

Amin never wrote an autobiography or authorized any official account of his life. There are discrepancies as to when and where he was born. Most biographical sources hold that he was born in either Koboko or Kampala around 1925.^[10] According to Fred Guweddeko, a researcher at Makerere University, Idi Amin was the son of Andreas Nyabire (1889–1976). Nyabire, a member of the Kakwa ethnic group, converted from Roman Catholicism to Islam in 1910 and changed his name to Amin Dada. Abandoned by his father, Idi Amin grew up with his mother's family. Guweddeko states that Amin's mother was called Assa Aatte (1904–1970), an ethnic Lugbara and a traditional herbalist, who treated members of Buganda royalty, among others. Amin joined an Islamic school in Bombo in 1941, where he excelled in reciting the Qur'an. After a few years he left school and did odd jobs before being recruited to the army by a British colonial army officer.^[11] Koboko is a district of Uganda located in the northwestern corner of the country. ... Kampala is the capital city of Uganda. ... Makerere University is Ugandas largest university. ... The Kakwa are a tribe situated in northwestern Uganda, southern Sudan, and northeastern Zaire, from Nilotic origin. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Lugbara is a Ugandan tribe who speak central Sudanic language. ... See also Herbalism A Herbalist is: 1. ... The flag of Buganda Buganda is the kingdom of the 52 clans of the Baganda people, the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. ... Bombo is a town in Luwero District, Uganda. ... The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: , literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ...

The Kings African Rifles (KAR) was a British colonial regiment in East Africa from 1902 until the independence of the various colonies in the 1960s. ... A Private is a soldier of the lowest military rank (equivalent to Nato Rank Grades OR-1 to OR-3 depending on the force served in). ... This article is about the military rank. ... Effendi (actually spelled Efendi in Turkish) (a Turkish title meaning a lord or master) is a title of respect, equivalent to the English sir, in Turkey and some other Eastern countries. ... For Warrant Officers in the United States military, see Warrant Officer (United States). ... An officer is a member of a military, naval, or if applicable, other uniformed services who holds a position of responsibility. ... Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... Captain is a rank or title with various meanings. ... Major is a military rank the use of which varies according to country. ... Commander is a military rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. ... For other uses, see Colonel (disambiguation). ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... For the comedy film of the same name, see Head of State (film). ... Commander-in-Chief (in NATO-lingo often C-in-C or CINC pronounced sink) is the commander of all the military forces within a particular region or of all the military forces of a state. ... The chief of staff is the chief aide to the commander of larger military formations and units. ... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ...

Colonial British army

Amin joined the King's African Rifles (KAR) of the British Colonial Army in 1946 as an assistant cook.^[10] He claimed he was forced to join the Army during World War II and that he served in the Burma Campaign,^[12] but records indicate he was first enlisted after the war was concluded.^[2][13] He transferred to Kenya for infantry service as a private in 1947 and served in the 21st KAR infantry brigade in Gilgil, Kenya, until 1949. That year, his unit was deployed to Somalia to fight the Somali Shifta rebels who were rustling cattle there.^[14] In 1952 his battalion was deployed against the Mau Mau rebels in Kenya. He was promoted to corporal the same year, then to sergeant in 1953.^[11]. The Kings African Rifles (KAR) was a British colonial regiment in East Africa from 1902 until the independence of the various colonies in the 1960s. ... The history of the British Army spans three centuries and numerous European, colonial and world wars. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Combatants United Kingdom British India Republic of China United States Empire of Japan Indian National Army Burma National Army Thailand Commanders Louis Mountbatten William Slim Chiang Kai-Shek Joseph Stilwell Aung San(From 1944) Masakazu Kawabe Hyotaro Kimura Renya Mutaguchi Subhash Chandra Bose Aung San(until 1944) Strength Unknown Unknown... A Private is a soldier of the lowest military rank (equivalent to Nato Rank Grades OR-1 to OR-3 depending on the force served in). ... The town of Gilgil, Kenya is north of Nairobi, between Naivasha and Nakuru (click map to enlarge) Gilgil, Kenya is a town in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya. ... This article lacks information on the importance of the subject matter. ... Cattle rustling or cattle raiding is the act of stealing livestock. ... The Mau Mau Uprising was an insurgency by Kenyan rebels against the British colonial administration from 1952 to 1960. ...

In 1954 Amin was made effendi (Warrant officer), the highest rank possible for a Black African in the colonial British army of that time. Amin returned to Uganda the same year, and in 1961 he was promoted to lieutenant, becoming one of the first two Ugandans to become commissioned officers. He was then assigned to quell the cattle rustling between Uganda's Karamojong and Kenya's Turkana nomads. In 1962 he was promoted to captain and then, in 1963, to major. The following year, he was appointed Deputy Commander of the Army.^[11] Effendi (actually spelled Efendi in Turkish) (a Turkish title meaning a lord or master) is a title of respect, equivalent to the English sir, in Turkey and some other Eastern countries. ... For Warrant Officers in the United States military, see Warrant Officer (United States). ... Though most indigenous Africans possess relatively dark skin, they exhibit much variation in physical appearance. ... Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... An officer is a member of a military, naval, or if applicable, other uniformed services who holds a position of responsibility. ... The Karamojong (sometimes called Karimojong), are a tribe of semi-nomadic herders who live in the north-eastern part of Uganda, in the Karamoja region. ... Turkana refers to: Turkana people of Kenya Lake Turkana This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... For the 2006 historical epic set in Kazakhstan, see Nomad (2006 film). ... Major is a military rank the use of which varies according to country. ...

Amin was an active athlete during his time in the army. At 193 cm (6 ft 4 in), he was the Ugandan light heavyweight boxing champion from 1951 to 1960, and a swimmer and rugby player.^[15][16] In boxing, the light heavyweight division is the weight division between cruiserweight over 175 pounds (79. ... For other senses of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer (disambiguation). ...

Army commander

In 1965 Prime Minister Milton Obote and Amin were implicated in a deal to smuggle ivory and gold into Uganda from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The deal, as later alleged by General Nicholas Olenga, an associate of the former Congolese leader Patrice Lumumba, was part of an arrangement to help troops opposed to the Congolese government trade ivory and gold for arms supplies secretly smuggled to them by Amin. In 1966, Parliament demanded an investigation. Obote imposed a new constitution abolishing the ceremonial presidency held by Kabaka (King) Edward Mutesa II of Buganda, and declaring himself executive president. He promoted Amin to colonel and army commander. Amin led an attack on the Kabaka's palace and forced Mutesa into exile to the United Kingdom, where he remained until his death in 1969.^[17][18] The Prime Minister is the Ugandan head of government. ... Obote pictured at the beginning of his second regime in 1980 Apollo Milton Obote (December 28, 1924, Apac, Uganda – October 10, 2005, Johannesburg, South Africa), Prime Minister of Uganda 1962-1966 and President of Uganda 1966-1971/1980-1985, was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence in... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... Patrice Émery Lumumba (2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961) was an African anti-colonial leader and the first legally elected Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo after he helped to win its independence from Belgium in June 1960. ... The House of Representatives Chamber of the Parliament of Australia in Canberra. ... The Kabaka is the title of the King of Buganda. ... Edward Mutesa. ... The flag of Buganda Buganda is the kingdom of the 52 clans of the Baganda people, the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day Uganda. ... For other uses, see Colonel (disambiguation). ... The Battle of Mengo Hill refers to the successful 1966 assault upon the residence of the Kabaka of Buganda by the army of Uganda. ... Exile (band) may refer to: Exile - The American country music band Exile - The Japanese pop music band Category: ...

Amin began recruiting members of Kakwa, Lugbara, Nubian, and other ethnic groups from the West Nile area bordering Sudan. The Nubians had been residents in Uganda since the early 20th century, having come from Sudan to serve the colonial army. In Uganda, Nubians were commonly perceived as Sudanese foreigners and erroneously referred to as Anyanya (Anyanya were southern Sudanese rebels of the First Sudanese Civil War and were not involved in Uganda). Because many ethnic groups in northern Uganda inhabit both Uganda and Sudan, allegations persist that Amin's army consisted substantially of Sudanese soldiers.^[19] The Kakwa are a tribe situated in northwestern Uganda, southern Sudan, and northeastern Zaire, from Nilotic origin. ... Lugbara is a Ugandan tribe who speak central Sudanic language. ... For the Star Wars planet, see Nubia (Star Wars). ... West Nile sub-region (previously known as West Nile District) is a region in north-eastern Uganda that consists of the districts of Koboko, Moyo, Yumbe and Arua. ... Anyanya is the name of the separatist southern Sudanese rebel army of the First Sudanese Civil War which started in 1955. ... The First Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and a south that demanded more regional autonomy. ...

Seizure of power

Amin at the February 2, 1971 presidential swearing-in ceremony.

Eventually, a rift developed between Amin and Obote, worsened by the support Amin had built within the army by recruiting from the West Nile region, his involvement in operations to support the rebellion in southern Sudan, and the attempt on Obote's life in 1969. In October 1970, Obote himself took control of the armed forces, reducing Amin from his months-old post of commander of all the armed forces to that of commander of the army.^[20] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ... The First Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and a south that demanded more regional autonomy. ...

Amin learned that Obote was planning to arrest him for misappropriating army funds and seized power in a military coup on January 25, 1971, while Obote was attending a Commonwealth summit meeting in Singapore. Troops loyal to Amin sealed off Entebbe International Airport, the main artery into Uganda, and took Kampala. Soldiers surrounded Obote's residence and blocked major roads. A broadcast on Radio Uganda accused Obote's government of corruption and preferential treatment of the Lango region. Cheering crowds were reported in the streets of Kampala after the radio broadcast.^[21] Amin announced that he was a soldier, not a politician, and that the military government would remain only as a caretaker regime until new elections, which would be announced as soon as the situation was normalised. He promised to release all political prisoners.^[22] The 1971 Ugandan coup détat was a military coup détat executed by the Ugandan military, led by General Idi Amin, against the government of President Milton Obote on January 25, 1971. ... is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ... The Commonwealth of Nations as of 2007 Headquarters Marlborough House, London, UK Official languages English Membership 53 sovereign states Leaders  -  Queen Elizabeth II  -  Secretary-General Kamalesh Sharma Appointed 24 November 2007 Establishment  -  Balfour Declaration 18 November 1926   -  Statute of Westminster 11 December 1931   -  London Declaration 28 April 1949  Area  -  Total... Entebbe International Airport is the main international airport of Uganda. ... Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC) is the public broadcaster of Uganda. ... Lango Sub-region Lango sub-region is a region in Uganda that consists of Amolatar District, Apac District, Dokolo District, Lira District and Oyam District. ... A military government is a form of government wherein the political power resides within the military and may either refer to a military dictatorship or to the government installed by a foreign power during belligerent occupation. ... A caretaker is a term mainly used in the United Kingdom, meaning a concierge or janitor. ... A political prisoner is someone held in prison or otherwise detained, perhaps under house arrest, because their ideas or image are deemed by a government to either challenge or threaten the authority of the state. ...

Amin was initially welcomed both within Uganda and by the international community. In an internal memo, the British Foreign Office described him as "a splendid type and a good football player".^[23] He gave former king and president Mutesa (who had died in exile) a state burial in April 1971, freed many political prisoners, and reiterated his promise to hold free and fair elections to return the country to democratic rule in the shortest period possible.^[24] The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for promoting the interests of the United Kingdom abroad. ... A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... For other uses, see Democracy (disambiguation). ...

Presidency

Main article: Uganda under Idi Amin

By January 1971, Milton Obote, then President of Uganda, was prepared to rid himself of the potential threat posed by Idi Amin. ...

Establishment of military rule

On February 2, 1971, one week after the coup, Amin declared himself President of Uganda, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, Army Chief of Staff and Chief of Air Staff. He announced that he was suspending certain provisions of the constitution and soon instituted an Advisory Defence Council composed of military officers, with himself as the chairman. Amin placed military tribunals above the system of civil law, appointed soldiers to top government posts and parastatal agencies, and informed the newly inducted civilian cabinet ministers that they would be subject to military discipline.^[20][25] Amin renamed the presidential lodge in Kampala from Government House to "The Command Post". He disbanded the General Service Unit (GSU), an intelligence agency created by the previous government, and replaced it with the State Research Bureau (SRB). SRB headquarters at the Kampala surburb of Nakasero became the scene of torture and executions over the next several years.^[26] Other agencies used to root out political dissent included the military police and the Public Safety Unit (PSU).^[26] is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ... Commander-in-Chief (in NATO-lingo often C-in-C or CINC pronounced sink) is the commander of all the military forces within a particular region or of all the military forces of a state. ... The chief of staff is the chief aide to the commander of larger military formations and units. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Civil law has at least three meanings. ... Para-statals or parastatals (from para- meaning mean something close or near, a prefix, and state), are fully or partially state-owned corporations or agencies. ... This article is about the governmental body. ... The Singapore Armed Forces Military Police Command providing security coverage at the Padang in Singapore during the National Day Parade in 2000. ...

Obote took refuge in Tanzania, having been offered sanctuary there by Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere. He was soon joined by 20,000 Ugandan refugees fleeing Amin. In 1972, the exiles attempted to regain the country through a poorly organized coup attempt, without success.^[27] Julius Kambarage Nyerere (April 13, 1922 - October 14, 1999) was President of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from the countrys founding in 1964 until his retirement in 1985. ...

Persecution of ethnic and other groups

Amin with Archbishop Janani Luwum (right). The archbishop was later murdered.

Amin retaliated against the attempted invasion by Ugandan exiles in 1972 by purging the army of Obote supporters, predominantly those from the Acholi and Lango ethnic groups.^[28] In July 1971, Lango and Acholi soldiers were massacred in the Jinja and Mbarara Barracks,^[29] and by early 1972, some 5,000 Acholi and Lango soldiers, and at least twice as many civilians, had disappeared.^[30] The victims soon came to include members of other ethnic groups, religious leaders, journalists, senior bureaucrats, judges, lawyers, students and intellectuals, criminal suspects, and foreign nationals. In some cases entire villages were wiped out.^[31] In this atmosphere of violence, many other people were killed for criminal motives or simply at will.^[32] Bodies floated on the River Nile in quantities sufficient to clog the Owen Falls Hydro-Electric Dam in Jinja on at least one occasion.^[33] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Janani Luwum (1922 – 1977), was the archbishop of Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Boga-Zaire (1974 – 1977). ... Acholiland, Uganda Acholi (also Acoli) are the people of the districts of Gulu, Kitgum Pader (known as Acholiland) in northern Uganda, and Magwe County in southern Sudan. ... The Lango (plural Langi) people live in the central area of Uganda, north of Lake Kyoga. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Mbarara is a town in southwestern Uganda, located about 266km from Kampala. ... A barracks housing conscripts of Norrbottens regemente in Boden, Sweden. ... The Nile (Arabic: , transliteration: , Ancient Egyptian iteru, Coptic piaro or phiaro) is a major north-flowing river in Africa, generally regarded as the longest river in the world. ... Owen Falls Dam generating electricity. ...

The killings, motivated by ethnic, political and financial factors, continued throughout Amin's eight-year reign.^[30] The exact number of people killed is unknown. The International Commission of Jurists estimated the death toll at no fewer than 80,000 and more likely around 300,000. An estimate compiled by exile organizations with the help of Amnesty International puts the number killed at 500,000.^[2] Among the most prominent people killed were: Benedicto Kiwanuka, the former prime minister and later chief justice; Janani Luwum, the Anglican archbishop; Joseph Mubiru, the former governor of the Central Bank; Frank Kalimuzo, the vice chancellor of Makerere University; Byron Kawadwa, a prominent playwright; and two of Amin's own cabinet ministers, Erinayo Wilson Oryema and Charles Oboth Ofumbi.^[34] The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) is an international human rights non-government organisation. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amnesty international Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization which defines its mission as to undertake research and action focused on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience... Benedicto Kabimu Mugumba Kiwanuka (May 1922 - September 22, 1972), was the first Prime Minister of Uganda, leader of the Democratic Party (Uganda) and one of the early leaders that led the country in the transition between colonial British rule and independence. ... The Prime Minister is the Ugandan head of government. ... The Chief Justice in many countries is the name for the presiding member of a Supreme Court in Commonwealth- or other countries with an Anglosaxon type of justice, such as the Supreme Court of the United States, the Supreme Court of Canada, the Supreme Court of New Zealand, the Supreme... Janani Luwum (1922 – 1977), was the archbishop of Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Boga-Zaire (1974 – 1977). ... The Anglican Communion is a world-wide organisation of Anglican Churches. ... In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ... Makerere University is Ugandas largest university. ... Erinayo Wilson Oryema (1 January 1917 – 17 February 1977) was Ugandas first African Inspector General of Police (1964-1971), Minister of Land, Mineral, and Water Resources (1971-1974) and Minister of Land, Housing and Physical Planning (1974-1977). ...

In 1977, Henry Kyemba, Amin's health minister and a former official of the first Obote regime, defected and resettled in Britain. Kyemba wrote and published A State of Blood, the first insider exposé of Amin's rule. Henry Kyemba was Ugandas Attorney General and Minister of Justice during Ugandas rule by Idi Amin Dada. ... In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state or political entity in exchange for allegiance to another. ...

In August 1972, Idi Amin declared what he called an "economic war", a set of policies that included the expropriation of properties owned by Asians and Europeans. Uganda's 80,000 Asians were mostly Indians born in the country, whose ancestors had come to Uganda when the country was still a British colony. Many owned businesses, including large-scale enterprises, that formed the backbone of the Ugandan economy. On August 4, 1972, Amin issued a decree ordering the expulsion of the 60,000 Asians who were not Ugandan citizens (most of them held British passports). This was later amended to include all 80,000 Asians, with the exception of professionals, such as doctors, lawyers and teachers. Most of the Asians with British passports, around 30,000, emigrated to Britain. Others went to Australia, Canada, India, Sweden, and the U.S.^[35][36][37] Amin expropriated businesses and properties belonging to the Asians and handed them over to his supporters. The businesses were mismanaged, and industries collapsed from lack of maintenance. This proved disastrous for the already declining economy.^[25] is the 216th day of the year (217th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... On 4 August 1972, Idi Amin President of Uganda gave Ugandas 50,000 Asians (mostly Indians of Gujarati origin) 90 days to leave the country, following an alleged dream in which, he claimed, God told him to expel them. ... UK biometric passport, issued since 2006. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...

International relations

Further information: Foreign relations of Uganda

Following the expulsion of Indians in 1972, India severed diplomatic relations with Uganda. The Indian government warned Uganda of dire consequences, but took no actions when Amin's government ignored the ultimatum. The same year, as part of his "economic war", Amin broke diplomatic ties with Britain and nationalized 85 British-owned businesses. He also expelled Israeli military advisers and turned to Muammar al-Qaddafi of Libya and the Soviet Union for support.^[28] Uganda is landlocked and depends on foreign imports for most of its consumer goods and energy requirements. ... The Government of India (Hindi: भारत सरकार [1]Bhārat Sarkār), officially referred to as the Union Government, and commonly as Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of a federal union of 28 states and 7 union territories, collectively called the Republic of... Nationalization, also spelled nationalisation, is the act by which a nation takes possession of assets without requiring the owners consent, with or without payment of compensation. ... Muammar Abu Minyar al-Qaddafi 1 — pronounced Gaddafi — (Arabic: معمر القذافي ) (born c. ...

In 1973, U.S. Ambassador Thomas Patrick Melady recommended that the United States reduce its presence in Uganda. Melady described Amin's regime as "racist, erratic and unpredictable, brutal, inept, bellicose, irrational, ridiculous, and militaristic".^[38] Accordingly, the United States closed its embassy in Kampala. Thomas Patrick Melady (March 4, 1927), was an american diplomat. ... Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Gay bashing Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial... Militarism or militarist ideology is the doctrinal view of a society as being best served (or more efficient) when it is governed or guided by concepts embodied in the culture, doctrine, system, or people of the military. ... Kampala is the capital city of Uganda. ...

In June 1976, Idi Amin allowed an Air France aeroplane hijacked by two members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - External Operations (PFLP-EO) and two members of the German Revolutionäre Zellen to land at Entebbe Airport. There, the hijackers were joined by three more. Soon after, 156 hostages who did not hold Israeli passports were released and flown to safety, while 83 Jews and Israeli citizens, as well as 20 others who refused to abandon them, continued to be held hostage. In the subsequent Israeli rescue operation, Operation Thunderbolt, nearly all of the hostages were freed. Three hostages died and 10 were wounded; six hijackers, 45 Ugandan soldiers, and one Israeli soldier, Yoni Netanyahu, were killed. This incident further soured Uganda's international relations, leading Britain to close its High Commission in Uganda.^[39] Air France (formally Société Air France) is Europes largest airline company. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - External Operations (PFLP-EO) or Special Operations (PFLP-SO) or Special Operations Group (PFLP-SOG) were organizational names used by Palestinian radical Wadie Haddad when engaging in international attacks, that were regarded as terrorism, and were not sanctioned by the PFLP. A... During the 1970s, Revolutionary Cells (RZ) was perhaps the most successful (based upon the number of attacks & the limited number of arrests) of the left-wing German terrorist organizations, although certainly not the most well known. ... Entebbe International Airport is the main international airport of Uganda. ... Combatants  Israel  PFLP Revolutionäre Zellen  Uganda Commanders Yonatan Netanyahu† Wadie Haddad Wilfried Böse Idi Amin Strength 29 Commandos Unknown Casualties Yonatan Netanyahu killed three hostages killed five commandos wounded 6 hijackers killed 45 Ugandan soldiers killed Operation Entebbe, also known as the Entebbe incident and occasionally the Entebbe... Yonatan Yoni Netanyahu (March 13, 1946 - July 4, 1976) is an Israeli war hero. ... High Commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment. ...

Uganda under Amin embarked on a large military build-up, which raised concerns in Kenya. Early in June 1975, Kenyan officials impounded a large convoy of Soviet-made arms en route to Uganda at the port of Mombasa. Tension between Uganda and Kenya reached its climax in February 1976 when Amin announced that he would investigate the possibility that parts of southern Sudan and western and central Kenya, up to within 32 km of Nairobi, were historically a part of colonial Uganda. The Kenyan Government responded with a stern statement that Kenya would not part with "a single inch of territory". Amin backed down after the Kenyan army deployed troops and armored personnel carriers along the Kenya-Uganda border.^[40] CCCP redirects here. ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Southern Sudan is a region of Sudan. ... Nairobi (pronounced IPA: ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. ... The unicameral National Assembly consists of 210 members elected to a term of up to five years from single-member constituencies, plus 12 members nominated by political parties on a proportional representation basis. ... East German BRDMs on parade during celebrations of the 40th anniversary of East Germany in 1989 Armoured personnel carriers (APCs) are light armoured fighting vehicles for the transport of infantry. ...

Erratic behaviour

As the years went on, Amin became increasingly erratic and outspoken. In 1977, after Britain had broken diplomatic relations with his regime, Amin declared he had beaten the British and conferred on himself the decoration of CBE (Conqueror of the British Empire). Radio Uganda then read out the whole of his new title: "His Excellency President for Life, Field Marshal Al Hadji Doctor^[3] Idi Amin Dada, VC,^[41] DSO, MC, CBE.".^[2] In 1971, Amin and Zaire's president Mobutu Sese Seko changed the names of Lake Albert and Lake Edward to Lake Mobutu Sese Seko and Lake Idi Amin Dada, respectively.^[42] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The rank of Field Marshal is a high rank in the military of Uganda. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... DSO medal The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other Commonwealth countries, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. ... The Military Cross (MC) is the third level military decoration awarded to officers and (since 1993) other ranks of the British Army and formerly also to officers of other Commonwealth countries. ... Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga (October 14, 1930 – September 7, 1997), known commonly as Mobutu, or Mobutu Sese Seko, born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, was the President of Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) for 32 years (1965–1997), in which he rose to power... For other uses, see Lake Albert (disambiguation). ... Lake Edward can be seen on this map of Uganda Lake Edward is one of the Great Lakes of Africa. ...

Foreign journalists considered Amin a somewhat comical, eccentric figure. In 1977, Time magazine called him a "killer and clown, big-hearted buffoon and strutting martinet".^[43] Amin became the subject of rumours and myths, including a widespread belief that he was a cannibal. Some of the unsubstantiated rumours, such as the mutilation of one of his wives, were spread and popularised by the 1980 film, Rise and Fall of Idi Amin.^[44] “TIME” redirects here. ... Cannibal redirects here. ... Rise and Fall of Idi Amin, also known as Amin: The Rise and Fall, is a bloody exploitation film and biopic directed in 1980 by Sharad Patel and starring Joseph Olita as Idi Amin. ...

Deposition and exile

Further information: Uganda-Tanzania War

By 1978, the number of Amin's close associates had shrunk significantly, and he faced increasing dissent from within Uganda. After the killings of Luwum and ministers Oryema and Oboth Ofumbi in 1977, several of Amin's ministers defected or fled to exile.^[45] Later that year, after Amin's vice president, General Mustafa Adrisi, was injured in a car accident, troops loyal to him mutinied. Amin sent troops against the mutineers, some of whom had fled across the Tanzanian border.^[25] Amin accused Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere of waging war against Uganda, ordered the invasion of Tanzanian territory, and formally annexed a section of the Kagera Region across the boundary.^[25][27] Combatants Uganda Libya Tanzania Peoples Defence Force & Uganda National Liberation Army Commanders Idi Amin Tanzanian army: Julius Nyerere UNLF: Tito Okello, Yoweri Museveni, David Oyite-Ojok Strength 3,000 Libyans, unknown number of Ugandan Army troops 100,000 Tanzanians, unknown number of Ugandan resistance troops, unknown number of Rwandan... General Mustafa Adrisi was Vice President of Uganda (1977–1978), and one of president Idi Amins closest associates. ... Mutiny is the act of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) are legally obliged to obey. ... Julius Kambarage Nyerere (April 13, 1922 - October 14, 1999) was President of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from the countrys founding in 1964 until his retirement in 1985. ... Ceremonies during the annexation of Hawaii. ... Map of the Kagera Region Kagera Region is located in the northwestern corner of Tanzania. ...

Nyerere mobilized the Tanzania People's Defence Force and counterattacked, joined by several groups of Ugandan exiles who had united as the Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA). Amin's army retreated steadily, and despite military help from Libya's Muammar al-Gaddafi, he was forced to flee on April 11, 1979 when Kampala was captured. He escaped first to Libya and ultimately settled in Saudi Arabia.^[10] The Tanzania Peoples’ Defence Force (TPDF) (swahili: Jeshi la Wananchi la Tanzania - JWTZ) was created in September 1964. ... UNLA (Uganda National Liberation Army) is the military arm of the Uganda National Liberation Front (UNLF). ... Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi1 (Arabic:   ) (born c. ... is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Combatants Uganda Tanzania Peoples Defence Force & Uganda National Liberation Army Commanders Idi Amin Tanzanian army: Julius Nyerere UNLF: Tito Okello, Yoweri Museveni, David Oyite-Ojok Strength Number of Ugandan Army troops: ? Numbers of Tanzanians: ? Number of UNLA troops: ? The Liberation of Kampala was a battle during the Uganda-Tanzania...

Amin held that Uganda needed him and never expressed remorse for the abuses of his regime.^[46] In 1989, he attempted to return to Uganda, apparently to lead an armed group organised by Colonel Juma Oris. He reached Kinshasa, Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo), before Zairian President Mobutu forced him to return to Saudi Arabia. People feel remorse when reflecting on their actions that they believe are wrong. ... Juma Oris was a rebel leader in the West Nile region of Uganda in the early 1990s. ... Kinshasa (formerly Léopoldville or, before 1960, also Leopoldstad) is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. ... Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku wa za Banga (or Mobutu Sese Seko Koko Ngbendu Wa Za Banga; October 14, 1930 - September 7, 1997) was the President of Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo) from 1965 to 1997. ...

On July 20, 2003, one of Idi Amin's wives, Madina, reported that he was in a coma and near death at King Faisal Specialist Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. She pleaded with Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni to allow him to return to die in Uganda. Museveni replied that Amin would have to "answer for his sins the moment he was brought back."^[47] Idi Amin died in Saudi Arabia on August 16, 2003. He was buried in Ruwais Cemetery in Jeddah.^[48] is the 201st day of the year (202nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Coma (disambiguation). ... The King Faisal Specialist Hospital, located in Riyadh, is a large Saudi hospital housing modern specialized medical facilities in a several areas. ... , Nickname: Location of Jeddah Coordinates: , Country Province Established 500+ BC Joint Saudi Arabia 1925 Government  - Mayor Adil Faqeeh  - City Governor Mishal Al-Saud  - Provincial Governor Khalid al Faisal Area  - Urban 1,320 km² (509. ... Yoweri Kaguta Museveni (born c. ... For other uses, see Sin (disambiguation). ... is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... , Nickname: Location of Jeddah Coordinates: , Country Province Established 500+ BC Joint Saudi Arabia 1925 Government  - Mayor Adil Faqeeh  - City Governor Mishal Al-Saud  - Provincial Governor Khalid al Faisal Area  - Urban 1,320 km² (509. ...

Family and associates

A polygamist, Idi Amin married at least five women, three of whom he divorced. He married his first and second wives, Malyamu and Kay, in 1966. The next year, he married Nora and then Nalongo Madina in 1972. On March 26, 1974, he announced on Radio Uganda that he had divorced Malyamu, Nora and Kay.^[49][50] Malyamu was arrested in Tororo on the Kenyan border in April 1974 and accused of attempting to smuggle a bolt of fabric into Kenya. She later moved to London.^[49][51] Kay died on August 13, 1974, reportedly from an attempted surgical abortion performed by her lover Dr. Mbalu Mukasa (who himself committed suicide). Her body was found dismembered. In August 1975, during the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) summit meeting in Kampala, Amin married Sarah Kyolaba. Sarah's boyfriend, whom she was living with before she met Amin, vanished and was never heard from again. According to The Monitor, Amin married a seventh wife a few months before his death in 2003.^[51] Polygamy has been a feature of human culture since earliest history. ... Divorce or dissolution of marriage is the ending of a marriage before the death of either spouse. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year (86th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... Tororo is a district in eastern Uganda. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... is the 225th day of the year (226th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... “Surgeon” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Suicide (disambiguation). ... Dismemberment is the act of cutting, tearing, pulling, wrenching or otherwise removing, the limbs of a living thing. ... OUA redirects here. ...

Sources differ widely on the number of children Amin fathered; most say that he had 30 to 45.^[52] Until 2003, Taban Amin, Idi Amin's eldest son, was the leader of West Nile Bank Front (WNBF), a rebel group opposed to the government of Yoweri Museveni. In 2005, he was offered amnesty by Museveni, and in 2006, he was appointed Deputy Director General of the Internal Security Organisation.^[53] Another of Amin’s sons, Haji Ali Amin, ran for election as Chairman (i.e. mayor) of Njeru Town Council in 2002 but was not elected.^[54] In early 2007, the award-winning film The Last King of Scotland prompted one of his sons, Jaffar Amin, to speak out in his father's defense. Jaffar Amin said he was writing a book to counter his father's reputation.^[55] The West Nile Bank Front (WNBF) was a rebel armed force in Uganda under the command of Juma Oris. ... Yoweri Kaguta Museveni (born c. ... Look up Amnesty in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Internal Security Organisation (ISO) is Ugandas secret police or state security agency. ... For the 2006 film adaptation of the novel, see The Last King of Scotland (film). ...

On 3 August 2007, Faisal Wangita, one of Amin's sons, was convicted for playing a role in a murder in London.^[56]

Among Amin's closest associates were the British-born Bob Astles, who is considered by many to have been a malign influence, and by others as a moderating presence.^[57] Isaac Malyamungu was an instrumental affiliate and one of the more feared officers in Amin's army.^[45] Bob Astles (born 1924), called Lubowa among the Ngo clan, was a former British soldier who lived in Uganda and became an associate of Idi Amin. ...

Portrayal in the media

Dramatizations

• Victory at Entebbe (1976), a TV film about Operation Entebbe. Julius Harris plays Amin. Godfrey Cambridge had originally been cast as Amin in the production, but died of a heart attack on the set.
• Raid on Entebbe (1977), a film depicting the events of Operation Entebbe. Yaphet Kotto plays Amin.
• Mivtsa Yonatan (1977) (also known as Operation Thunderbolt), an Israeli film about Operation Entebbe. Mark Heath plays Amin.
• Rise and Fall of Idi Amin (1980), a film recreating Idi Amin's atrocities. Amin is played by Joseph Olita.
• Mississippi Masala (1991), a film depicting the resettlement of an Indian family after the expulsion of Asians from Uganda by Idi Amin. Joseph Olita again plays Amin.
• The Last King of Scotland (2006), a film adaptation of Giles Foden's 1998 fictional novel of the same name. For his portrayal of Idi Amin in this film, actor Forest Whitaker won a Golden Globe award, a BAFTA, the Screen Actors' Guild award for Best Actor (Drama), and the Academy Award for Best Actor.

Victory at Entebbe is a film made for television from 1976 based on an actual event: Operation Entebbe and the freeing of hostages at Entebbe Airport in Kampala, Uganda on July 4, 1976. ... Combatants  Israel  PFLP Revolutionäre Zellen  Uganda Commanders Yonatan Netanyahu† Wadie Haddad Wilfried Böse Idi Amin Strength 29 Commandos Unknown Casualties Yonatan Netanyahu killed three hostages killed five commandos wounded 6 hijackers killed 45 Ugandan soldiers killed Operation Entebbe, also known as the Entebbe incident and occasionally the Entebbe... Julius W. Harris, (1923, Philadelphia - October 17, 2004 Woodland Hills, California) was an American actor who played in more than 70 movies and on TV in a career that spanned four decades. ... Godfrey MacArthur Cambridge (February 26, 1933 - November 29, 1976) was an American comedian and actor, who was especially popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s as a regular guest on The Merv Griffin Show and other talk shows. ... Raid on Entebbe is a 1977 TV movie directed by Irvin Kershner. ... Prince Yaphet Frederick Kotto (born November 15, 1937) is an American actor. ... Mivtsa Yonatan (English title: Operation Thunderbolt) is a Israeli film from 1977 based on an actual event: Operation Entebbe and the freeing of hostages at Entebbe Airport in Kampala, Uganda on July 4, 1976. ... Rise and Fall of Idi Amin, also known as Amin: The Rise and Fall, is a bloody exploitation film and biopic directed in 1980 by Sharad Patel and starring Joseph Olita as Idi Amin. ... Joseph Olita is a Kenyan actor who portrayed Idi Amin in the films Rise and Fall of Idi Amin (1981) and Mississippi Masala (1991). ... Mississippi Masala (1991) is a film directed by Mira Nair, based upon a screenplay by Sooni Taraporevala. ... Joseph Olita is a Kenyan actor who portrayed Idi Amin in the films Rise and Fall of Idi Amin (1981) and Mississippi Masala (1991). ... For the novel, see The Last King of Scotland. ... The Last King of Scotland by author Giles Foden (Faber and Faber 1998) Giles Foden (born in Warwickshire, United Kingdom in 1967) is a British author best known for his award-winning novel The Last King of Scotland (1998). ... For the 2006 film adaptation of the novel, see The Last King of Scotland (film). ... Forest Steven Whitaker (born July 15, 1961) is an American actor, producer, and director. ... The Golden Globe Award The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and television programs, given out each year during a formal dinner. ... The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA), is a British organization that hosts annual awards shows for film, television, childrens film and television, and interactive media. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Academy Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role is one of the awards given to actors working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences; nominations are made by Academy members who are actors and actresses. ...

Documentaries

• Idi Amin Dada (1974), directed by French filmmaker Barbet Schroeder.
• Idi Amin: Monster in Disguise (1997), a television documentary directed by Greg Baker.

Idi Amin Dada is a 1974 documentary film by French director Barbet Schroeder. ... Barbet Schroeder (born August 26, 1941 in Teheran to a Swiss diplomat father) is a movie director and producer who started his career in French cinema in the 1960s, working together with directors such as Jean-Luc Godard and Jacques Rivette. ...

Notes and references

is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Guardian. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... “J.D.” redirects here. ... Makerere University is Ugandas largest university. ... For other uses, see Victoria Cross (disambiguation). ... The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ... The Monitor and Sunday Monitor are national newspapers in Uganda. ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ... The Sunday Times is a Sunday broadsheet newspaper distributed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, published by Times Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News International which is in turn owned by News Corporation. ... is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Victoria Cross (disambiguation). ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ... is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Monitor and Sunday Monitor are national newspapers in Uganda. ... is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

See also

• Political parties of Uganda
• Politics of Uganda
• President for Life

Political parties in Uganda lists political parties in Uganda. ... The Politics of Uganda is based on a democratic parliamentary system with universal suffrage for all citizens over 18 years of age. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

External links

• The Idi Amin I knew, Brian Barron, BBC, 16 August, 2003. Includes a video of Brian Barron interviewing Idi Amin in exile in 1980.
• Separate fact from fiction in Amin stories., Billie O'Kadameri, originally published in The Monitor, September 1, 2003
• African tyrant: The truth about Amin, Richard Dowden, The Independent, January 16, 2007.
• idiamindada.com, a website devoted to Idi Amin's legacy created by his son Jaffar Amin
• Idi Amin at the Internet Movie Database