NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Ikea

IKEA is a privately-held, international home products retailer that sells flat pack furniture, accessories, bathrooms and kitchens at retail stores around the world. The company, which pioneered flat-pack design furniture at affordable prices, is now the world's largest furniture manufacturer.^[1] Image File history File links Ikea_logo. ... A private company is a company that is independently owned. ... This page deals with both Ã„lmhult Municipality and the urban area (tÃ¤tort) Ã„lmhult Ã„lmhult Municipality is a Municipality in central Kronoberg County, in southern Sweden, where the town of Ã„lmhult (pop. ... is a historical province (landskap) in southern Sweden. ... For the computer game by Peter Molyneux, see The Entrepreneur. ... (born March 30, 1926) is a Swedish entrepreneur who is the founder of the home furnishing retail chain IKEA. As of 2007 he is the richest person in Europe and the 4th richest person in the world according to Forbes magazine, with an estimated net worth of around US$33... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006) - Municipality 23. ... South Holland (Dutch Zuid-Holland) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the west of the country on the North Sea coast. ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy - Queen Beatrix - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War - Declared July 26, 1581 - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain... World Map showing locations of IKEA stores in 2007. ... For other uses, see President (disambiguation). ... A drawing of a self-service store Retailing consists of the sale of goods/merchandise for personal or household consumption either from a fixed location such as a department store or kiosk, or away from a fixed location and related subordinated services (Definition of the WTO (last page). ... RTA stands for Ready-To-Assemble. ... For the tax agency in Ireland of the same name, see Revenue Commissioners. ... USD redirects here. ... A fiscal year (or financial year or accounting reference date) is a 12-month period used for calculating annual (yearly) financial statements in businesses and other organizations. ... This article is about work. ... A website (alternatively, web site or Web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or more web servers, usually accessible via the Internet. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For the UK band, see Furniture (band). ...

IKEA was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden and it is owned by a Dutch-registered foundation controlled by the Kamprad family. IKEA is an acronym comprising the initials of the founder's name (Ingvar Kamprad), the farm where he grew up (Elmtaryd), and his home county (Agunnaryd, in Småland, South Sweden).^[2] (born March 30, 1926) is a Swedish entrepreneur who is the founder of the home furnishing retail chain IKEA. As of 2007 he is the richest person in Europe and the 4th richest person in the world according to Forbes magazine, with an estimated net worth of around US$33...

INGKA Holding B.V. is the parent company for all IKEA Group companies, including the industrial group Swedwood, which manufactures IKEA furniture, the sales companies that run IKEA stores, as well as purchasing and supply functions, and IKEA of Sweden, which is responsible for the design and development of products in the IKEA range. INGKA Holding BV is wholly owned by Stichting INGKA Foundation, which is a non-profit foundation registered in Leiden in the Netherlands. The Stichting INGKA Foundation is a Dutch-registered tax-exempt non-profit grant-making charitable foundation which owns the private Dutch-registered company, INGKA Holding, which in turn is the parent company for all companies and most stores of the Swedish furniture store chain IKEA. The name INGKA comes from... A non-profit organization (often called non-profit org or simply non-profit or not-for-profit) can be seen as an organization that doesnt have a goal to make a profit. ... A foundation is a legal categorization of nonprofit organizations. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006) - Municipality 23. ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy - Queen Beatrix - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War - Declared July 26, 1581 - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain...

Inter IKEA Systems B.V. in Delft, also in the Netherlands, owns the IKEA concept and trademark, and there is a franchising agreement with every IKEA store in the world. The IKEA Group is the biggest franchisee of Inter IKEA Systems B.V. Inter IKEA Systems B.V. is not owned by INGKA Holding B.V., but by Inter IKEA Holding S.A. registered in Luxemburg, which is in turn is part of Inter IKEA Holding registered in the Netherlands Antilles. The ownership of the holding companies has not been disclosed. ^[3] Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province South Holland Area (2006) - Municipality 24. ... Luxembourg - a small country in west Europe Luxembourg (city) - the capital city of the country Luxembourg (district) - a district in the country Luxembourg, province of Belgium Luxemburg, Iowa - a city in the USA Luxemburg, Wisconsin - a village in the USA Luxembourg Garden, Paris, France Luxemburg Township, Minnesota - a township in...

General overview

The company distributes its products through its retail outlets. The chain has 278 stores in 36 countries, most of them in Europe, the United States, Canada, Asia and Australia. 2006 saw the opening of 16 new stores. A total of at least 30 openings or relocations are planned for 2008.^{[citation needed]} IKEA is one of the few store chains to have locations both in Israel and in other Middle Eastern nations. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (910x607, 167 KB) Summary Licensing This image, although photographed by me, contains the copyrighted IKEA logo. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (910x607, 167 KB) Summary Licensing This image, although photographed by me, contains the copyrighted IKEA logo. ... Pittsburgh redirects here. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...

IKEA is generally pronounced /i'ke.a/ but in many English-speaking regions, it is pronounced /ai'kiːa/, rhyming with the word idea. As such, IKEA brought action in the Supreme Court of British Columbia successfully preventing a competitor in Victoria from using the name Idea. It is generally pronounced /i'ki.a/ in China, Singapore and Taiwan. Its Chinese name is Yíjīa (宜家), which literally means fit for home in written Chinese and resembles the phrase right now in Cantonese pronunciation. Supreme Court of British Columbia is the superior court for the Canadian province of British Columbia. ... This article is about the city of Victoria. ... Chinese (written) language (pinyin: zhōngwén) written in Chinese characters The Chinese language (汉语/漢語, 华语/華語, or 中文; Pinyin: Hànyǔ, Huáyǔ, or Zhōngwén) is a member of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages. ... Standard Cantonese is a variant, and is generally considered the prestige dialect of Cantonese Chinese. ...

The IKEA Website contains about 12,000 products and is the closest representation of the entire IKEA range. In 2005 IKEA reported over 275 million visitors to their websites.^{[citation needed]}

IKEA has shown leadership in adopting more environmentally friendly measures in its manufacturing processes. In 1990, IKEA adopted The Natural Step framework a the basis for its environmental plan (see "Environmental performance," below).^[4] Environmentally friendly, also referred to as nature friendly, is a term used to refer to goods and services considered to inflict minimal harm on the environment. ... The Natural Step is a nonprofit organization founded in Sweden in 1989 by Swedish scientist, Karl-Henrik RobÃ¨rt. ... World Map showing locations of IKEA stores in 2007. ...

History

IKEA was founded in Älmhult, Sweden, in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad, when he was 17. The acronym IKEA is incidentally similar to the Greek word οικία [oikia] (home) and to the Finnish word oikea (correct, right), but was originally an abbreviation for "Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd" which was the address where Ingvar Kamprad started the company that is called IKEA. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1772x1329, 1620 KB) Summary Ingvar Kamprad, the founder of IKEA, lecturing a group of students at VÃ¤xjÃ¶ University in Sweden. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1772x1329, 1620 KB) Summary Ingvar Kamprad, the founder of IKEA, lecturing a group of students at VÃ¤xjÃ¶ University in Sweden. ... (born March 30, 1926) is a Swedish entrepreneur who is the founder of the home furnishing retail chain IKEA. As of 2007 he is the richest person in Europe and the 4th richest person in the world according to Forbes magazine, with an estimated net worth of around US$33... Ingvar Kamprad, founder of IKEA, holding a lecture for a group of students at VÃ¤xjÃ¶ University VÃ¤xjÃ¶ University or VÃ¤xjÃ¶ universitet is a state university in VÃ¤xjÃ¶, Sweden. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This page deals with both Ã„lmhult Municipality and the urban area (tÃ¤tort) Ã„lmhult Ã„lmhult Municipality is a Municipality in central Kronoberg County, in southern Sweden, where the town of Ã„lmhult (pop. ... (born March 30, 1926) is a Swedish entrepreneur who is the founder of the home furnishing retail chain IKEA. As of 2007 he is the richest person in Europe and the 4th richest person in the world according to Forbes magazine, with an estimated net worth of around US$33...

Originally, IKEA sold pens, wallets, picture frames, table runners, watches, jewelery and nylon stockings or practically anything Kamprad found a need for that he could fill with a product at a reduced price. Furniture was first added to the IKEA product range in 1948 and, in 1955, IKEA began to design its own furniture. The company motto is: "to create a better everyday life for the many people." For other uses, see Pen (disambiguation). ... An example of a wallet genuine crocodile leather wallets from Thailand A wallet, or billfold, is a small (usually pocket-sized) flat case used to carry personal items such as cash, credit cards and drivers licenses for frequent quick access. ... A picture frame is a container added to a picture in order to enhance it, make it easier to display or, in some cases, to protect it. ... For the UK band, see Furniture (band). ... For other uses, see Watch (disambiguation). ... Jewellery (spelled jewelry in American English) consists of ornamental devices worn by persons, typically made with gems and precious metals. ... For other uses of this word, see nylon (disambiguation). ... A stocking is a close-fitting, variously elastic garment covering the foot and lower part of the leg, but usually not intended to conceal the leg. ... For the UK band, see Furniture (band). ...

At first, Kamprad sold his goods out of his home and by mail order, but eventually a store was opened in the nearby town of Älmhult. It was also the location for the first IKEA "warehouse" store which came to serve as a model for IKEA establishments elsewhere. On March 23, 1963, the first store outside Sweden was opened in Asker, a Norwegian municipality outside Oslo. Mail order is a term which describes the buying of goods or services by mail delivery. ... This page deals with both Ã„lmhult Municipality and the urban area (tÃ¤tort) Ã„lmhult Ã„lmhult Municipality is a Municipality in central Kronoberg County, in southern Sweden, where the town of Ã„lmhult (pop. ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ... County District Viken Municipality NO-0220 Administrative centre Asker Mayor (2005) Morten Gunnar Strand (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area - Total - Land - Percentage Ranked 385 101 kmÂ² 97 kmÂ² 0. ... This article is about the capital of Norway. ...

IKEA stores

The first IKEA store was opened in Sweden in 1958. The first stores outside Sweden were opened in Norway (1963) and Denmark (1969). The 1970s saw the spread of stores to other parts of Europe, with the first store outside Scandinavia opening in Switzerland (1973), followed by Germany (1974). During the same decade, stores were opened in other parts of the world, including Japan (1974), Australia and Hong Kong (1975), Canada (1976) and Singapore (1978). Germany, with 43 stores, is IKEA's biggest market, followed by the United States, with 34. IKEA now has 278 stores in over 35 countries. However, the company has thus far not shown much of a presence in the developing countries.^[5] Newly industrialized countries Other emerging markets Other developing economies High income Upper-middle income Lower-middle income Low income A developing country is that country which has a relatively low standard of living, an undeveloped industrial base, and a moderate to low Human Development Index (HDI) score and per capita...

Store format

Newer IKEA stores are usually very large blue buildings with few windows. They are often designed around a "one-way" layout which leads customers along "the long natural way". This layout is designed to encourage the customer to see the store in its entirety (as opposed to a traditional retail store, which allows a consumer to go right to the section that the goods and services needed are displayed) although there are often shortcuts to other parts of the showroom. The sequence first involves going through furniture showrooms making note of selected items. Then the customer collects a trolley and goes into house wares (market-hall). Then the customer visits the warehouse (Self Serve) where they collect previously noted showroom products in flat pack form. Sometimes they may be directed to collect products from an external warehouse on the same site or at a site nearby. Finally they take their products to the cashier's station to make payment. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 896 KB) Summary The IKEA Store in Queenstown, Singapore, resembling a large blue box Img by Calvin Teo, June 2006 Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 896 KB) Summary The IKEA Store in Queenstown, Singapore, resembling a large blue box Img by Calvin Teo, June 2006 Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not... Queenstown1 is one of the early housing estates in Singapore, built before Toa Payoh and Ang Mo Kio, and was a test bed for much of Singapores public housing. ... Early morning in Netanya, Israel Netanya (Hebrew: × Ö°×ªÖ·× Ö°×™Ö¸×”, Standard Hebrew NÉ™tanya) is a city in the Center District of Israel and is the capital of the Sharon plain. ... ...

Newer IKEA stores, like the one in Koblenz, Germany, make more use of glass, both for aesthetic and functional reasons. Skylights are also now common in the Self-serve warehouses. More natural light reduces energy costs, improves worker morale and gives a better impression of the product. For other places with the same name, see Koblenz (disambiguation) Koblenz (also Coblenz in pre-1926 German spellings; French Coblence) is a city situated on both banks of the Rhine at its confluence with the Moselle, where the Deutsches Eck (German Corner) and its monument (Emperor William I on horseback...

Whilst the original design involved the warehouse on the lower level and the showroom and marketplace on the upper, today most stores globally have the Showroom upstairs with the marketplace and warehouse downstairs. Additionally, some stores are single level. Some stores maintain separate warehouses to allow more stock to be kept on-site at any given time, although this occasionally results in challenges in finding the items, as well as a perception of having to queue in line twice. Single-level stores are found predominantly in areas where the cost of land would be less than the cost of building a 2-level store -- examples include the store in Saarlouis, Germany and Haparanda, Sweden. Saarlouis is a city in the Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis. ... Haparanda is a Municipality in Norrbotten County, in northern Sweden. ...

Most IKEA stores offer an "as-is" area at the end of the warehouse just prior to the cashiers. Returned, damaged and formerly showcased products which are not in "as new" condition or taken out of the IKEA product range are displayed here, and sold with a negotiable discount, but also with a "no-returns" policy. Most IKEA stores communicate the IKEA policy on environmental issues in the "as-is". In the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia, this is referred to as "Bargain Corner".

In Hong Kong, where shop space is limited and costly, IKEA has opened three outlets across the city, which are actually part of shopping malls. They are relatively tiny compared to common "large blue box" store design, but are huge by Hong Kong standard. Most of the outlets still have a "one-way" layout. An exception is the newest outlet in Telford Plaza, where the three independent floors can be accessed freely from each. Following IKEA tradition, though, the only cashier is located on the lowest floor. Telford Garden (å¾·ç¦èŠ±åœ’) is a private housing estate beside Kowloon Bay Station of MTR, Ngau Tau Kok, Hong Kong. ...

The vast majority of IKEA stores are located outside of city centres, primarily because of land cost and traffic access. Several smaller store formats have been unsuccessfully tested in the past (the "midi" concept in the early 90s, which was tested in Ottawa and Heerlen with 9,300 m2, or a "boutique" shop in Manhattan). A new format for a full-size, city centre store was introduced with the opening of the Coventry (UK) store in December 2007. This is in response to UK government restrictions blocking retail establishment outside city centres,^{[citation needed]} and the format is expected to be used for future IKEA stores in the UK. The Coventry store has 7 levels and therefore has a flow different from other IKEA stores.

Restaurants and food markets

Many stores include restaurants serving typical Swedish food such as potatoes with meatballs, cream sauce and lingonberry jam and hot dogs for only 5 kr each, a few varieties of the local cuisine, and beverages such as lingonberry juice. The restaurant area is usually the one place in the store where there are large windows. Outside of Sweden, these restaurants are sometimes complemented by mini-shops selling Swedish-made, Swedish-style groceries. One can buy IKEA's specialty foodstuffs, such as Swedish meatballs from the store. For other uses, see Restaurant (disambiguation). ... Swedish cuisine is similar to the cuisine of Denmark and cuisine of Norway, in that it is traditionally simple. ... Binomial name L. The Vaccinium vitis-idaea â€“ often called lingonberry or cowberry, also called foxberry, mountain cranberry, lowbush cranberry, and partridgeberry (in Newfoundland and Labrador) â€“ is a small evergreen shrub in the flowering plant family Ericaceae that bears edible fruit. ... For other uses, see Meatball (disambiguation). ...

In many locations the IKEA restaurants open daily before the rest of the store and serve a cheap breakfast. Breakfast is the first meal of the day, eaten in the morning. ...

Many stores also include food markets specializing in Swedish food. Patrons can purchase various assortments of Swedish meatballs, packages of gravy, and various Scandinavian cookies and crackers. IKEA also sells lingonberry jam in a wide array of sizes, including buckets. Swedish cuisine, like that in the other Scandinavian countries (Denmark and Norway), is traditionally rich in fat. ... Lingonberry jam is a staple of Scandinavian cuisine. ...

Smaländ

Many stores have a play area for children aged 4 to 7 years old named Smaländ. The service is offered completely free of charge. The area mostly features things such as slides, see-saws, Cartoons, Ball Swimming Pools, etc.

Products

IKEA furniture is well known for its modern, utilitarian design.^{[citation needed]} Much of IKEA's furniture is designed to be assembled by the consumer rather than being sold pre-assembled. IKEA claims this permits them to reduce costs and use of packaging by not shipping air; the volume of a bookcase, for example, is considerably less if it is shipped unassembled rather than assembled. This is also a practical point for many of the chain's European customers, where public transport is commonly used; the flat-pack distribution methods allow for easier transport via public transport from the store to a customer's home for assembly. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Volume (disambiguation). ... Mass transit redirects here. ...

IKEA contends that it has been a pioneering force in sustainable approaches to mass consumer culture.^{[citation needed]} Kamprad refers to the concept as "democratic design," meaning that the company applies an integrated approach to manufacturing and design (see also environmental design). In response to the explosion of human population and material expectations in the 20th and 21st century, the company implements economies of scale, capturing material streams and creating manufacturing processes that hold costs and resource use down, such as the extensive use of particle board. The intended result is flexible, adaptable home furnishings, scalable both to smaller homes and dwellings as well as large houses. Kungens Kurva (literally: The Kings Curve) is a part of Huddinge Municipality, Sweden. ... For other uses, see Stockholm (disambiguation). ... Consumerist redirects here. ... Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, making by hand) is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale. ... All Saints Chapel in the Cathedral Basilica of St. ... Environmental design is the process of addressing environmental parameters when devising plans, programs, policies, buildings, or products. ... The increase in output from Q to Q2 causes a decrease in the average cost of each unit from C to C1. ... Particle board is a material manufactured from wood particles (e. ...

IKEA has also expanded their product base to include flat-pack houses, in an effort to cut prices involved in a first-time buyer's home. The product, named BoKlok was launched in Sweden in 1996 in a joint venture with Skanska. Now working in the Nordic countries and in UK, sites confirmed in England include London, Manchester, Leeds, Gateshead and Liverpool.^[6] Work in progress on 30 St Mary Axe, one of Skanskas most high-profile contracts. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... For other uses, see Leeds (disambiguation) and Leeds City (disambiguation). ... This article is about Gateshead, England. ... For other uses, see Liverpool (disambiguation). ...

Although IKEA household products and furniture are designed in Sweden, they are largely manufactured in developing countries to keep down costs. With suppliers in 50 countries, roughly 2/3 of purchasing is from Europe with about 1/3 from Asia. A small amount of products are produced in North America. Comparatively little production actually takes place in Sweden, though it still remains the fourth-largest supplier country (behind China, Poland and Italy).^{[citation needed]} China accounts for about 2.5 times as much supply as Sweden.

Product names

IKEA products are identified by single word names. Most of the names are Swedish in origin. Although there are some notable exceptions, most product names are based on a special naming system developed by IKEA.^[7]

For example, DUKTIG (meaning: good, well-behaved) is a line of children's toys, OSLO is a name of a bed, BILLY (a Swedish masculine name) is a popular shelf, DINERA (meaning: (to) dine) for tableware, KASSETT (meaning: cassette) for media storage. One range of office furniture is named EFFEKTIV (meaning: efficient), SKÄRPT (meaning: sharp or clever) is a line of kitchen knives. A typical Klippan Sofa. ...

A notable exception is the IVAR shelving system, which dates back to the early 1970s. This item is named after the item's designer.

Because IKEA is a world-wide company working in several countries with several different languages, sometimes the Nordic naming leads to problems where the word means something completely different to the product. While exotic-sounding names draw an attention, e.g., in anglophone countries, a number of them call for a snicker. Notable examples are "Jerker" desk, "Fartfull" workbench, or "Lessebo" sofa. ^[8] The products are withdrawn, probably after someone pointed at blunders, but not before generating some news. Similar blunders happen with other companies as well.^[9] Look up Anglophone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Company founder Ingvar Kamprad, who is dyslexic, found that naming the furniture with proper names and words, rather than a product code, made the names easier to remember^{[citation needed]}. This article is about developmental dyslexia. ...

Catalogue

IKEA publishes an annual catalogue. First published in Swedish in 1951,^{[citation needed]} the catalogue is now published in 55 editions, in 27 languages for 36 countries,^[10] and is considered to be the main marketing tool of the retail giant, consuming 70% of the company's annual marketing budget.^[11] It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with IKEA. (Discuss) Cover of the 2006 edition US Catalogue A popular mail-order catalogue published annually by the Swedish home furnishing retailer, IKEA. First published in Swedish in 1951, the catalogue is now published each September in 46... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

The catalogue is distributed both in stores and by mail.^[12] Most of the catalogue is produced by IKEA Communications AB in IKEA's hometown of Älmhult, Sweden where IKEA operates the largest photo studio in northern Europe at 8,000 square metres in size.^[13] The catalogue itself is printed on chlorine-free paper of 10-15% post-consumer waste. This page deals with both Ã„lmhult Municipality and the urban area (tÃ¤tort) Ã„lmhult Ã„lmhult Municipality is a Municipality in central Kronoberg County, in southern Sweden, where the town of Ã„lmhult (pop. ...

According to Canadian broadcaster, CTV, "IKEA's publications have developed an almost cult-like following online. Readers have found all kinds of strange tidbits, including mysterious cat pictures, apparent Mickey Mouse references and weird books wedged into the many shelves that clutter the catalogues." CTV is a Canadian English language television network. ... The Bookseller/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Year is a humorous literary award given each year to the book with the oddest title. ...

IKEA Family

In common with some other retailers, IKEA has launched a loyalty card in its stores in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, the UK, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Austria, Russia, China, Japan, Switzerland, Slovakia, Poland and Italy called "IKEA Family". The distinctive orange card is free of charge and can be used to obtain discounts on a special range of products found in each IKEA store. In particular, it gives 25% off the price of commissioned ranges of IKEA products on presentation of the card. The card also gives discounts on food purchased in the restaurant and the Swedish Food Market. In the Netherlands, Denmark, Belgium, Germany, Austria, Russia, Japan, UK, Switzerland, Slovakia and Poland it also entitles the holder to free coffee in the restaurant. In marketing generally and in retailing more specifically, a loyalty card, rewards card, points card, or club card is a plastic card, visually similar to a credit card or debit card, that identifies the card holder as a member in a commercial incentives programme. ...

In conjunction with the card, IKEA also publishes and sells a printed quarterly magazine titled IKEA Family Live which supplements the card and catalogue. The magazine is already printed in thirteen languages and an English edition for the United Kingdom was launched in February 2007. It is expected to have a subscription of over 500,000.^[14]

Corporate structure

Despite its Swedish roots, IKEA is owned and operated by a complicated array of not-for-profit and for-profit corporations. The Stichting INGKA Foundation is a Dutch-registered tax-exempt non-profit grant-making charitable foundation which owns the private Dutch-registered company, INGKA Holding, which in turn is the parent company for all companies and most stores of the Swedish furniture store chain IKEA. The name INGKA comes from... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... (born March 30, 1926) is a Swedish entrepreneur who is the founder of the home furnishing retail chain IKEA. As of 2007 he is the richest person in Europe and the 4th richest person in the world according to Forbes magazine, with an estimated net worth of around US$33... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1408x387, 118 KB)[edit] Summary taken by William Wesen 10/01/2006 [edit] Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1408x387, 118 KB)[edit] Summary taken by William Wesen 10/01/2006 [edit] Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Bloomington is a city located in Hennepin County, Minnesota, a suburb south of Minneapolis. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 797 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2848 Ã— 2144 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 797 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2848 Ã— 2144 pixel, file size: 1. ... Haparanda is a Municipality in Norrbotten County, in northern Sweden. ... Location on Finnish map Tornio (Swedish: TorneÃ¥) is a municipality in Lapland, Finland. ... The Sami flag is the flag of the Sami people. ... A nonprofit organization (sometimes abbreviated to not-for-profit, non-profit, or NPO) is an organization whose primary objective is to support some issue or matter of private interest or public concern for non-commercial purposes. ... A for-profit organization is an organization whose primary objective is the generation of profit. ... A corporation (usually known in the United Kingdom and Ireland as a company) is a legal entity (distinct from a natural person) that often has similar rights in law to those of a Civil law systems may refer to corporations as moral persons; they may also go by the name...

The IKEA corporate structure is divided into two main parts: operations and franchising. Most of IKEA's operations, including the management of the majority of its stores, the design and manufacture of its furniture, and purchasing and supply functions are overseen by Ingka Holding, a private, for-profit Dutch company. Of the IKEA stores in 36 countries, 235 are run by the INGKA Holding. The remaining 30 stores are run by franchisees outside of the INGKA Holding.^[15]

INGKA Holding is not an independent company, but is wholly owned by the Stichting Ingka Foundation, which Kamprad established in 1982 in the Netherlands as a tax-exempt, not-for-profit foundation. The Ingka Foundation is controlled by a five-member executive committee that is chaired by Kamprad and includes his wife and attorney.^[16] The Stichting INGKA Foundation is a Dutch-registered tax-exempt non-profit grant-making charitable foundation which owns the private Dutch-registered company, INGKA Holding, which in turn is the parent company for all companies and most stores of the Swedish furniture store chain IKEA. The name INGKA comes from... A charitable foundation is a legal categorization of nonprofit organizations that either donate funds and support to other organizations, or provide the sole source of funding for their own activities. ...

While most IKEA stores operate under the direct purview of Ingka Holding and the Ingka Foundation, the IKEA trademark and concept is owned by an entirely separate Dutch company, Inter IKEA Systems. Every IKEA store, including those run by Ingka Holding, pays a franchise fee of 3% of the revenue to Inter IKEA Systems. The ownership of Inter IKEA Systems is exceedingly complicated and, ultimately, uncertain. Inter IKEA Systems is owned by Inter IKEA Holding, a company registered in Luxembourg. Inter IKEA Holding, in turn, belongs to an identically named company in the Netherlands Antilles that is run by a trust company based in Curaçao. The owners of this trust company are unknown (IKEA refuses to identify them) but are assumed to be members of the Kamprad family.^[16] â€œ(TM)â€ redirects here. ... A franchise fee is a fee that a person pays to operate a franchise branch of a larger company and enjoy the profits therefrom. ... For other uses, see CuraÃ§ao (disambiguation). ...

In Australia, IKEA is operated by two companies. Stores located on the East Coast including Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria are owned by INGKA Holding. Stores on the Western side of the country including South Australia and Western Australia are owned by Cebas Pty Ltd^[17]. Like elsewhere, all stores are operated under a franchise agreement with Inter IKEA Systems. For other uses, see Queensland (disambiguation). ... NSW redirects here. ... VIC redirects here. ... The Stichting INGKA Foundation is a Dutch-registered tax-exempt non-profit grant-making charitable foundation which owns the private Dutch-registered company, INGKA Holding, which in turn is the parent company for all companies and most stores of the Swedish furniture store chain IKEA. The name INGKA comes from... For the song, see South Australia (song). ... Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State or the Golden State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Constitutional monarchy Governor Ken Michael Premier Alan Carpenter (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 15 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2005-06) - Product ($m) $107,910 (4th) - Product per capita $53,134/person...

Non-taxable profit

In 2004, the last year that the INGKA Holding group filed accounts, the company reported profits of €1.4 billion on sales of €12.8 billion, a margin of nearly 11 percent. Because INGKA Holding is owned by the nonprofit INGKA Foundation, none of this profit is taxed. The foundation's nonprofit status also means that the Kamprad family cannot reap these profits directly, but the Kamprads do collect a portion of IKEA sales profits through the franchising relationship between INGKA Holding and Inter IKEA Systems.

Inter IKEA Systems collected €631 million of franchise fees in 2004, but reported pre-tax profits of only €225 million in 2004. One of the major pre-tax expenses that Inter IKEA systems reported was €590 million of “other operating charges.” IKEA has refused to explain these charges, but Inter IKEA Systems appears to make large payments to I.I. Holding, another Luxembourg-registered group that, according to The Economist, “is almost certain to be controlled by the Kamprad family”. I.I. Holding made a profit of €328 million in 2004. A franchise fee is a fee that a person pays to operate a franchise branch of a larger company and enjoy the profits therefrom. ... The Economist is an English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London. ...

In 2004, the Inter IKEA group of companies and I.I. Holding reported combined profits of €553m and paid €19m in taxes, or approximately 3.5 percent.^[16]

The Berne Declaration, a non-profit organization in Switzerland that promotes corporate responsibility, has formally criticized IKEA for its tax avoidance strategies. In 2007, the Berne Declaration nominated IKEA for one of its Public Eye “awards,” which highlight corporate irresponsibility and are announced during the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.^[18] This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Davos viewed from air Davos is a town in eastern Switzerland, in the canton of GraubÃ¼nden, on the Landwasser River. ...

Control by Kamprad

Along with helping IKEA make non-taxable profit, IKEA's complicated corporate structure allows Kamprad to maintain tight control over the operations of Ingka Holding, and thus the operation of most IKEA stores. The Ingka Foundation’s five-person executive committee is chaired by Kamprad. It appoints the board of Ingka Holding, approves any changes to Ingka Holding’s bylaws, and has the right to preempt new share issues. If a member of the executive committee quits or dies, the other four members appoint his or her replacement.

In Kamprad's absence the foundation's bylaws include specific provisions requiring it to continue operating the Ingka Holding group and specifying that shares can be sold only to another foundation with the same objectives as the Ingka Foundation.^[16]

Charitable giving

The INGKA Foundation is officially dedicated to promoting “innovations in architecture and interior design”.^[16] With an estimated net worth of $36 billion, the foundation is unofficially the world’s largest charitable organization, beating out the much better known Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has a net worth of approximately $33 billion.^[19] The Stichting INGKA Foundation is a Dutch-registered tax-exempt non-profit grant-making charitable foundation which owns the private Dutch-registered company, INGKA Holding, which in turn is the parent company for all companies and most stores of the Swedish furniture store chain IKEA. The name INGKA comes from... This article is about building architecture. ... Interior design is a practice concerned with anything that is found inside a space - walls, windows, doors, finishes, textures, light, furnishings and furniture. ... This article is about charitable organizations. ... The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is the worlds largest charitable foundation. ...

Despite its enormous wealth, the Ingka Foundation does very little charitable giving. Detailed information about its grantmaking is unavailable, as foundations in the Netherlands are not required to publish their records. But IKEA has reported that in 2004-2005, the Ingka Foundation's donations were concentrated on the Lund Institute of Technology in Sweden, and the Lund Institute reported the receipt of $1.7 million grants from the foundation during both of those years. By way of comparison, the Gates Foundation made gifts of more than $1.5 billion in 2005.^[19]. In modern usage, the practice of charity means the giving of help to those in need. ... The Lund Institute of Technology or Lunds Tekniska Högskola (LTH) is a university school, at Lund University, in Lund, Sweden. ...

Notwithstanding the Ingka Foundation's lack of concerted philanthropic activity, IKEA is involved in several international charitable causes, particularly in partnership with UNICEF. These include: UNICEF Logo The United Nations Childrens Fund or UNICEF (Arabic: ; French: ; Spanish: ) was established by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946. ...

IKEA also supports American Forests to restore forests and reduce pollution.^[23]^[24] CNY and RMB redirect here. ... American Forests is a nonprofit conservation organization that promotes healthy forests and urban tree planting. ...

Environmental performance

In 1990, IKEA invited Karl-Henrik Robèrt, founder of The Natural Step, to address its board of directors. Robert's system conditions for sustainability provided a strategic approach to improving the company's environmental performance. This led to the development of an Environmental Action Plan, which was adopted in 1992. The plan focused on structural change, allowing IKEA to "maximize the impact of resources invested and reduce the energy necessary to address isolated issues."^[4] The environmental measures taken, include the following: Karl-Henrik RobÃ¨rt, M.D., Ph. ... The Natural Step is a nonprofit organization founded in Sweden in 1989 by Swedish scientist, Karl-Henrik RobÃ¨rt. ... A strategy is a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal, most often winning. Strategy is differentiated from tactics or immediate actions with resources at hand by its nature of being extensively premeditated, and often practically rehearsed. ...

More recently, IKEA has begun charging $1 for each plastic bag, while offering a paper bag or no bag for no extra cost. The IKEA restaurants also only offer reusable plates, knives, forks, spoons, etc. Most stores only offer paper plates and plastic knives, forks, and spoons. Vinyl siding Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely-used plastic. ... Formaldehyde is the chemical compound with the formula H2CO. It is the simplest aldehyde-- an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group: it consists of exactly one carbonyl. ... In a general sense, lacquer is a clear or coloured coating, that dries by solvent evaporation only and that produces a hard, durable finish that can be polished to a very high gloss, and gives the illusion of depth. ... Post-consumer waste is a waste type produced by the end consumer of a material stream; that is, where the waste-producing use did not involve the production of another product. ... REDIRECT [[ Insert text]]EWWWWWWWWWWWWW YO General Name, symbol, number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 6, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Standard atomic weight 51. ... General Name, Symbol, Number cadmium, Cd, 48 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 5, d Appearance silvery gray metallic Standard atomic weight 112. ... General Name, Symbol, Number lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series Post-transition metals or poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 6, p Appearance bluish gray Standard atomic weight 207. ... Labelling transformers containing PCBs. ... Pentachlorophenol (C6HCl5O) is a synthetic fungicide which is an organochloride. ... Yellow azo dye Azo compounds are compounds bearing the functional group R-N=N-R, in which R and R can be either aryl or alkyl. ... Rainforests are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on earth Biodiversity is the variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome or for the entire Earth. ...

Community impact

IKEA's goals of sustainability and environmental design in their merchandise have sometimes been at odds with the challenges that the impact a new IKEA store can have on a community.

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 873 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 873 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Part of the old steel mill serves as a statue in central park This article describes a recently developed mixed-use neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia. ... This article is about the state capital of Georgia. ... Stockport is a large town in the north west of England. ... Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England which has a population of 2. ... The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister is a department of the British government. ... Judicial review is the power of a court to review the actions of public sector bodies in terms of their legality or constitutionality. ... Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England which has a population of 2. ... Ashton-under-Lyne is a town in Greater Manchester with a population of 44,400 (2001 estimate). ... // The M60 motorway is an orbital motorway circling the urban body of Manchester, a city in the United Kingdom. ... Ashton-under-Lyne is a town in Greater Manchester with a population of 44,400 (2001 estimate). ... This article is about the airport of Portland, Oregon. ... Nickname: Location of Portland in Multnomah County and the state of Oregon Coordinates: , Country State Counties Multnomah, Washington, Clackamas Incorporated February 8, 1851 Government - Type Commission - Mayor Tom Potter[1] - Commissioners Sam Adams Randy Leonard Dan Saltzman Erik Sten - Auditor Gary Blackmer Area - City 145. ...

Criticisms

Some criticisms of IKEA: Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 606 KB) Summary Villepinte - France - phto Mr Mehdi Ouici Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): IKEA Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1280x960, 606 KB) Summary Villepinte - France - phto Mr Mehdi Ouici Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): IKEA Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 30 KB) The description page on the Commons has less than here - no point in clicking. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (480x640, 30 KB) The description page on the Commons has less than here - no point in clicking. ... Valley Park Retail and Leisure Complex is a major out-of-town retail park in the Purley Way retail and industrial area of the London Borough of Croydon. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

An advertising campaign is a series of advertisement messages that share a single idea and theme which make up an integrated marketing communication (IMC). ... A psychologist is an expert in psychology, the systematic investigation of the human body, including behavior, cognition, and affect. ... Management consultant redirects here. ... Legal separation is a possible step towards divorce under United States law. ... (born March 30, 1926) is a Swedish entrepreneur who is the founder of the home furnishing retail chain IKEA. As of 2007 he is the richest person in Europe and the 4th richest person in the world according to Forbes magazine, with an estimated net worth of around US$33... Kjell Magne Bondevik [IPA: Ã§É›l mÉ‘gne bÊŠnevik](born September 3, 1947) is a Norwegian Lutheran minister and politician. ... For other uses, see Dublin (disambiguation). ... The Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP â€” Irish: PÃ¡irtÃ SÃ³isialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre) is the smaller of the two major nationalist parties in Northern Ireland. ... Union Jack redirects here. ... Red Hand redirects here. ... Orange parade in Glasgow (1 June 2003) The Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is a Protestant fraternal organisation based predominantly in Northern Ireland and Scotland with lodges throughout the Commonwealth and in Canada and the United States. ... This article is about the subculture. ... For other uses, see Stereotype (disambiguation). ... Main campus on Frue Plads. ... Rug-making is an ancient craft, and covers a variety of techniques. ... For the computer game, see Imperialism (computer game). ...

Advertising and awards

IKEA ran a commercial widely thought to be the first commercial featuring a gay couple. It aired only once, in 1994.^[43] IKEA has run other commercials targeting the gay community as well as a commercial featuring a transgendered woman.^[44] A transwoman with XY written on her hand, at a protest in Paris, October 1, 2005. ...

They recently paired up with the makers of popular video game The Sims 2 to make a stuff pack called The Sims 2 IKEA Home Stuff. The game features many items that you could find in IKEA and was released on June 24, 2008 in North America and June 26, 2008 in Europe. It is the second stuff pack with a major brand, the first being The Sims 2 H&M Fashion Stuff. This article is about the computer game. ... Stuff packs are minor expansion packs for The Sims 2 that add new items, clothing, and furniture to the game without any dramatic changes to gameplay. ... is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Era (or Anno Domini), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... Stuff packs are minor expansion packs for The Sims 2 that add new items, clothing, and furniture to the game without any dramatic changes to gameplay. ...

IKEA was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 and 2005 by Working Mothers magazine. It ranked 96 in Fortune's 100 Best Companies to Work For in 2006 and, in 2007, was recognized as one of Canada's Top 100 Employers published in Maclean's magazine.^[45] Canadas Top 100 Employers is an annual competition that recognizes the best places in Canada to work. ... A cover of the Canadian magazine Macleans. ...

References

^ Reuters (January 8, 2008) IKEA mulls joint venture with Bosnia furniture maker.
^ "Ingvar Kamprad and IKEA". Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA, 02163. 1996
^ Economist, May 11, 2006
^ ^a ^b ^c Owens,Heidi (1998) IKEA: A Natural Step Case Study. Oregon Natural Step Network . Retrieved on: April 6, 2008.
^ Inter IKEA Systems B.V. Facts and Figures.
^ "Buying a house? Pick up a flatpack at Ikea", guardian.co.uk, 2005-02-02.
^ (German) Waren Sie schon mal in Klippan?.
^ 'Fartfull' workbench, 'Jerker' desk: Is Ikea hiding a grin?, Chicago Sun-Times, August 17, 2004
^ 'Lolita' bed set for girls withdrawn
^ IKEA FAQs.
^ IKEA student info.
^ IKEA FAQ.
^ 2003 IKEA Catalogue printable facts.
^ Daniel Farey-Jones. Ikea to introduce UK magazine in February.
^ IKEA Group corporate site: about us.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e IKEA: Flat-pack accounting.The Economist, May 11, 2006.
^ Cebas Pty Ltd. Disclaimer. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
^ Berne Declaration Public Eye Awards, 2007 Nominations.www.evb.ch/en/index.cfm
^ ^a ^b Foundation Fact Sheet. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
^ UNICEF's corporate partnerships.
^ Quake children at greater risk after rain, snowfall: UN.
^ http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/liberia_27130.html
^ http://www.ikea.com/ms/en_US/about_ikea/plant_trees.html
^ American Forests
^ BBC NEWS | World | Middle East | Three die in Saudi shop stampede
^ Christopher Hawthorne (February 2003). Disposable Architecture. Metropolis. Retrieved on 2007-06-08.
^ Suit aims to make an IKEA lot history. New York Daily News (2006-11-22). Retrieved on 2007-06-08.
^ "Ikea loses fight to build store", BBC News, 2005-02-18.
^ "Fury as Prescott blocks Ikea store", manchesteronline, 2004-08-03.
^ "Ikea's superstore plans approved", BBC News, 2006-01-11.
^ Business | kgw.com | News for Oregon and SW Washington
^ Television Advertising Complaints Reports: uptight British. ofcom.org.uk.
^ Television Advertising Complaints Reports: management consultant. ofcom.org.uk.
^ Television Advertising Complaints Reports: homosexual marriage breakup. ofcom.org.uk.
^ Founder of Ikea store haunted by Nazi past (2000-04-07).
^ Ingvar Kamprad - IKEA Founder and One of the World's Richest Men.
^ Norwegian prime minister slams IKEA (2005-03-10).
^ RTÉ report on the loosening of shop planning laws
^ IKEA Ireland. Retrieved on 2008-04-15.
^ 'No Union flag at new Ikea store'. BBC News (2007-06-12). Retrieved on 2007-08-09.
^ O'Mahony, Paul (2008-02-20). Ikea guilty of 'cultural imperialism': Danes. The Local. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Ikea confronted over Canadian-U.S. price differences (2007-11-05). Retrieved on 2008-06-19.
^ Commercial Closet
^ Commercial Closet
^ Reasons for Selection, 2007 Canada's Top 100 Employers.

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Contents

General overview

History

IKEA stores

Store format

Restaurants and food markets

Smaländ

Products

Product names

Catalogue

IKEA Family

Corporate structure

Non-taxable profit

Control by Kamprad

Charitable giving

Environmental performance

Community impact

Criticisms

Advertising and awards

References

External links

Official sites

News coverage

Contents

General overview GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

History

IKEA stores

Store format

Restaurants and food markets

Smaländ

Products

Product names

Catalogue

IKEA Family

Corporate structure

Non-taxable profit

Control by Kamprad

Charitable giving

Environmental performance

Community impact

Criticisms

Advertising and awards

References

External links

Official sites

News coverage

General overview