Ilyas Akhmadov

Ilyas Khamzatovich Akhmadov (Ильяс Хамзатович Ахмадов) served as foreign minister of Chechnya before its reabsorption into Russia in the Second Chechen War. He is currently in the United States, where he has claimed asylum. This has caused controversy in Russia, which accuses Akhmadov of involvement in terrorism.

Biography

Akhmadov was born on December 19, 1960 in Kazakhstan, where most of the Chechen nation - including his family - was exiled by Stalin's government in 1944. The Akhmadovs returned to Chechnya in 1962.

From 1978 to 1981 Ilyas Akhmadov studied in the Polytechnic University of Volgograd. After graduation, he served for four years in the Soviet Army's Strategic Missile Forces. He left the army in 1985 and in 1991 he graduated with distinction in political science from the Rostov University. Returning to Chechnya, which had declared independence from Russia in the aftermath of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, he took a job in the political department of the Chechen Foreign Ministry.

The First Chechen War broke out in 1994 when Russian forces entered Chechnya to reimpose central authority. Akhmadov fought against the Russians, serving first in the press service of the separatist government and then as the Chechen army headquarters' chief of staff. In 1996, the Chechens defeated the poorly organised Russian army. When the war ended he retired to private life.

On July 29, 1999, a month before the beginning of the Second Chechen War, President of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Aslan Maskhadov appointed Ilyas Akhmadov as Foreign Minister. This time, Russian forces were somewhat better organised and succeeded in retaking Chechnya, although their hold on large parts of the republic was tenuous at best. Akhmadov and his colleagues in the separatist government dispersed and went into hiding, with some again taking up arms against the Russians.

In January 2000, Akhmadov visited the United States, where he met with officials of the State Department. He embarked on a tour of Western capitals, returning twice to the United States in 2000 and again in 2001. This provoked complaints from Russia, which claimed that he was involved in terrorism in Chechnya and elsewhere in Russia. He claimed asylum in the United States in 2002 but his inital bid was turned down after opposition from the United States Department of Homeland Security. However, he gained support from members of the United States Congress and peace campaigners, who saw him as a moderate. Indeed, Akhmadov has repeatedly criticised suicide bombings and hostage-takings by Chechen extremists and has campaigned for peace talks to end the war.

Akhmadov appealed the decision to deny him asylum and in May 2004, a judge in Boston ruled in his favour. The US Government announced that it would seek to overturn the decision but in August 2004 its objections were abruptly dropped, much to the annoyance of Russia.

External link

• Biography (http://www.chechnya-mfa.info/bio/index.htm)
• Akhmadov's Op-Ed (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A53778-2004Dec9.html) in the Washington Post, 10 December 2004