In older video cameras, prior to the 1990s, a video camera tube or pickup tube was used instead of a charge-coupled device (CCD). Several types were in use from the 1930s to the 1980s. They operate in a somewhat similar manner to cathode ray tubes, which display pictures, but are instead used to capture images that are projected onto them through the camera lens system. A video camera can be classified two ways: Professional video cameras, such as those used in television production Camcorders used by amateurs This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Events and trends Technology Explosive growth of the Internet; decrease in the cost of computers and other technology Reduction in size and cost of mobile phones leads to a massive surge in their popularity Year 2000 problem (commonly known as Y2K) Microsoft Windows operating system becomes virtually ubiquitous on IBM... A charge-coupled device (CCD) is sensor for recording images, consisting of an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. ... Events and trends Technology Jet engine invented Science Nuclear fission discovered by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassmann Pluto, the ninth planet from the Sun, is discovered by Clyde Tombaugh British biologist Arthur Tansley coins term ecosystem War, peace and politics Socialists proclaim The death of Capitalism Rise to... Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ... The cathode ray tube or CRT, invented by Karl Ferdinand Braun, is the display device used in most computer displays, video monitors, televisions and oscilloscopes. ... A lens is: a part of the eye an optical device that may be used in a camera or in a telescope; see lens (optics). ...

Vidicon

A vidicon tube (sometimes called a hivicon tube) is a video camera tube in which the target material is made of antimony trisulfide (Sb₂S₃). Stibnite, sometimes also called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral. ... General Name, Symbol, Number antimony, Sb, 51 Series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15 (VA), 5, p Density, Hardness 6697 kg/m3, 3 Appearance silvery lustrous grey Atomic properties Atomic weight 121. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sulfur, S, 16 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16 (VIA), 3 , p Density, Hardness 1960 kg/m3, 2 Appearance Lemon yellow at STP Atomic properties Atomic weight 32. ...

The terms vidicon tube and vidicon camera are often used indiscriminately to refer to video cameras of any type. The principle of operation of the vidicon camera is typical of other types of video camera tubes.

Orthicon

The image orthicon tube or simply orthicon tube was common up into the 1960s. It replaced the Iconoscope which required a great deal of light to work adequately. A properly constructed Image Orthicon could take television pictures by candlelight due to the more ordered light sensitive area and the presence of an electron multiplier at the base of the tube, which operated as an high efficiency amplifier. It also had a logrithmic light sensitivity curve similar to the human eye, so the picture looked more natural. It's defect was that it tended to flare if a shiny object in the studio caught a refelction of a light, generating a dark halo acround the object on the picture. Image Orthicons were used extensively in the early color television cameras where their increased sensitivity was essential to overcome their very inefficient optical system. A engineer's nickname for the tube was the "immy", which later was feminized to become the "Emmy". Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s - 1960s - 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Years: 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 Events and trends The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around the world. ... Prism splitting light Light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is visible to the eye, or in a more general sense, any electromagnetic radiation in the range from infrared to ultraviolet. ... An Emmy Award. ...

Plumbicon

Saticon

Pasecon

Newicon

External links

• Orthicon brief history, description and diagram (http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/IMAGE_ORTHICON.html)