Part of a series of articles on Islam For other uses, including people named Islam, see Islam (disambiguation). ...     History of Islam For other uses, including people named Islam, see Islam (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Mosque02. ... The History of Islam involves the history of the Islamic faith as a religion and as a social institution. ...

Beliefs and practices

Oneness of God Profession of Faith Prayer • Fasting Pilgrimage • Charity This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... TawhÄ«d (also Tawhid or Tauhid or Tawheed; Arabic توحيد) is the Islamic concept of monotheism, derived from Ahad. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Tawhid. ... See Shahada (India) for the Indian town. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Hajj (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), (Turkish:Hac) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca in Islam. ... Zakât (or Zakaat or Zakah) (English:tax, alms, tithe) (Arabic: زكاة, Old (Quran) Arabic: زكوة) is the third of the Five Pillars of Islam in Sunni Islam and one of the Branches of Religion in Shia Islam. ...

Major figures

Muhammad • Ali Abu Bakr • Umar Household of Muhammad Companions of Muhammad Prophets of Islam This page is a list of Muslims in various professions and fields. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... ‘AlÄ« ibn AbÄ« Ṭālib (Arabic: ‎ Persian: ‎ )‎ (599 – 661) was an early Islamic leader. ... Abu Bakr As Siddiq (Arabic ابو بكر الصديق, alternative spellings, Abubakar, Abi Bakr, Abu Bakar) (c. ... For other uses of the name, see Umar (disambiguation). ... Ahl al-Bayt (Arabic:) is a phrase meaning People of the House, or family. ... In Islam, the Sahāba (الصحابة) were the companions of the prophet Muhammad. ... The Quran identifies a number of men as Prophets of Islam (Arabic: nabee نبي ; pl. ...

Texts & Laws

Qur'an • Hadith Jurisprudence • Theology Biographies of Muhammad Esotericism (Sufism) • Exotericism (Sharia) // Quran Text Surahs Ayah Commentary/Exegesis Tafsir ibn Kathir (by Ibn Kathir) Tafsir al-Tabari (by Tabari) Al Kordobi Tafseer-e-kabir (by Imam Razi) Tafheem-al-Quran (by Maulana Maududi) Sunnah/Hadith Hadith (Traditions of The Prophet) The Siha-e-Sitta al-Bukhari (d. ... The , (Arabic: recitation, also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and Al-Quran, Turkish Kuran), is the central religious text of Islam. ... Hadith (Arabic: hadÄ«th, Arabic pl. ... Islamic jurisprudence, Fiqh (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings of Islamic scholars to direct the lives of the Muslim faithful. ... Kalam (علم الكلم)is one of the religious sciences of Islam. ... For the river and also village in Norway named Sira, see Sira, Norway. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Branches of Islam

Sunni • Shi'a • Ibadi The religion of Islam has many divisions, sects, schools, traditions, and related faiths. ... Sunni Muslims are the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shia Islam, also Shi`ite Islam or Shi`ism (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: Persian: ‎ ) is the second largest denomination of the religion of Islam. ... Al-Ibadhiyah is a form of Islam distinct from the Shiite and Sunni sects. ...

Societal aspects

Academics • Theology Philosophy • Science Art • Architecture • Cities Calendar • Holidays Women • ..in the Qu'ran Leaders • Politics Islamism • Liberalism Muslim culture is a term primarily used in secular academia to describe all cultural practices common to historically Islamic peoples. ... Islamic Studies is the academic discipline which focuses on Islamic issues. ... Kalam (علم الكلم)is one of the religious sciences of Islam. ... Islamic philosophy (الفلسفة الإسلامية) is a part of the Islamic studies, and is a longstanding attempt to create harmony between faith, reason or philosophy, and the religious teachings of Islam. ... This is a subarticle to Islamic studies and science. ... Islamic art is the art of Islamic people, cultures, and countries. ... Islamic architecture, a part of the Islamic studies, is the entire range of architecture that has evolved within Muslim culture in the course of the history of Islam. ... // This is a list of cities that various groups regard as holy. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (also called Hijri calendar, Arabic التقويم الهجري) is the calendar used to date events in many predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to celebrate Islamic holy days. ... Friday is an important day in the life of a Muslim and it is believed that any devotional acts done on this day gain a higher reward. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Islamic religious leaders have traditionally been persons who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. ... This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... This article is about political Islamism. ... Since the 19th century, Muslim progressives have produced a considerable body of liberal thought within Islam (in Arabic: الإسلام الاجتهادي or interpretation-based Islam; also الإسلام التقدمي or progressive Islam). These have in common a religious outlook which depends mainly on ijtihad or re-interpretations of scriptures. ...

See also

Vocabulary of Islam The following list consists of concepts that are derived from both Islam and Arab tradition, which are expressed as words in the Arabic language. ... This box: view • talk • edit

This article is about the Shi'a concept, for the more general Islamic term, see Imam.

Imamah (Arabic:إمام) is an Shi'a Islamic term meaning Leadership. The Sunni equivalent to Imamah is Caliphat. Imam (Arabic: إمام ,Persian: امام ) is an Arabic word meaning Leader. The ruler of a country might be called the Imam, for example. ... The Arabic language (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), or simply Arabic (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: ), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Islamic leadership is what a Muslim leader is supposed to show, in order to lead in accordance to Islamic principles. ... Sunni Muslims are the largest denomination of Islam. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ...

Introduction

Shi'a belive that at any given time, a certain leader titled The Imam of Time, is the Guardian of all Muslims. The Hadith of the current Imam is primary hadiths used by the Shia to justify their belief in Shia Imams. ... Wali (plural Auliyaa) is an Arabic word, literally meaning protector or guardian, also adopted in various other Islamic cultures. ...

Within Shi'ism, there are various sects that differ over the number of Imams, or path of succession. The issue of who is the rightful Imam has led to the growth of numerous sects within Shi'ism including: Twelvers (with Shaykhís), Ismailis (Seveners), Zaidis (Fivers), Alawites, Alevites, Druze, Ahl-e Haqq and others. Twelvers (Arabic: ‎ Ithnāˤashariyya) are Shiˤa Muslims who believe there were twelve Imāms. ... Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsai (1753 - 1826), better known as Shaykh Ahmad, was the founder of a 19th century Shia religious movement in the Persian and Ottoman empires, whose followers were known as Shaykhis. ... The Ismaili ( اسماعيلي, Persian Esmaaili) branch of Islam is the second-largest Shia community, after the Twelvers who are dominant in Iran. ... Zaiddiyah (also: Zaidi, Zaydi, or in the West Fivers) refers to a sect within Shia Islam. ... Alawite is a Middle Eastern Syria. ... Alevis are a branch of Islam, related to Shia Islam and practised mainly in (majority Sunni) Turkey, among both Turks and Kurds. ... The Druze (Arabic: darazÄ« درزي, pl. ... Also referred to as Yarsan or Yaresan and also Ali-Ilahis or Aliullahis by outsiders, is one of many Sufi orders in Iran, combining various syncretistic and Islamic ideas with a veneration of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, the son-in-law of Muhammad. ...

Imams

Twelver view

Main article: Imamah (Shi'a twelver doctrine)

According to the majority of Shīˤa, namely the Twelvers (Ithnāˤashariyya), the following is a listing of the rightful successors to Muhammad. Each Imam was the son of the previous Imam except for Hussayn ibn ˤAlī, who was the brother of Hassan ibn ˤAlī. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Twelvers (Arabic: ‎ Ithnāˤashariyya) are Shiˤa Muslims who believe there were twelve Imāms. ... HÌ£usayn ibn ‘AlÄ« ibn AbÄ« Ṭālib (Arabic: ‎ )‎ (626 – 680) was the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ...

1. Alī ibn Abī Tālib (600 CE-661 CE)
2. Hassan ibn Alī (625-669)
3. Hussayn ibn Alī (626-680)
4. Alī ibn Hussayn (658-713), also known as Zayn al-Abideen
5. Muhammad al-Baqir (676-743)
6. Jafar as-Sadiq (703-765)
7. Musa al-Kazim (745-799)
8. Ali al-Rida (765-818) also known as Ali Reza
9. Muħammad at-Tāqī (810-835)also known as Muhammad al-Jawad
10. Ali al-Hadi (827-868) also known as ˤAlī an-Nāqī
11. Hasan al-Askari (846-874)
12. Muhammad al-Mahdi (868-Present)

Ali ibn Abi Talib (علي بن أبي طالب) (c. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ... HÌ£usayn ibn ‘AlÄ« ibn AbÄ« Ṭālib (Arabic: ‎ )‎ (626 – 680) was the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... Ali ibn Husayn, Zayn al-Abideen, (Arabic: علي بن حسين زين العابدين) ‎ (658 - 713) was the fourth Shia Imam (see Shia Imams). ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Muhammad al-Baqir Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (676 - January 31, 743) was the fifth Shia Imam. ... ... Imam Musa al Kazim (November 10, 745 - September 4, 799) was the seventh Shia Imam (he is not accepted by the Ismailis as the seventh Imam). ... Imām ˤAlÄ« ibn-MÅ«sā ar-Riđā (Arabic: علي بن موسى الرضا) (January 1, 766 - May 26, 818) was the eighth Shīˤa Imām. ... Imam Muhammad al-Taqi (Arabic: امام محمد التقي)(April 12, 811 - November 27, 835) was the ninth Shia Imam in the Ithna Ashari (Twelver) tradition. ... Imam Ali al-Hadi (September 8, 828 _ July 1, 868) was the tenth Shia Imam. ... Imam Hasan al-Askari (December 6, 846 - January 1, 874), was the eleventh Shia Imam. ... MuhÌ£ammad al-MahdÄ« (born 868) (Arabic: ‎ ) is the twelfth and final Shia Imam. ...

Ismaili view

Main article: Imamah (Shi'a Ismaili doctrine)

The Ismailis believe that the first five of the first six Imams listed above are the rightful successors of Muhammad, but differ as to the seventh, believing that Ismail bin Jafar was the rightful successor, and not his brother Musa al-Kazim. From Ismail bin Jafar, the Ismaili line of Imams diverges to the descendants of Ismail, from whom the Aga Khans claim descent and their continuity. See [1]. The Ismaili ( اسماعيلي, Persian Esmaaili) branch of Islam is the second-largest Shia community, after the Twelvers who are dominant in Iran. ... Ismail bin Jafar was the eldest son of the sixth Shia Imam, Jafar as-Sadiq. ... Imam Musa al Kazim (November 10, 745 - September 4, 799) was the seventh Shia Imam (he is not accepted by the Ismailis as the seventh Imam). ... Aga Khan (Persian: آغا خان ) is the hereditary title of the Imam (spiritual and general leader), of the Nizari (Nizari Ismaili) sect (result of the 1094 split with the Mustaˤliyya who followed Nizars younger brother Al-Mustali) within the Shia Ismaili branch of Islam. ...

1. Ali ibn Abi Talib (600 CE-661 CE)
2. Husayn ibn Ali (626-680)
3. Ali ibn Husayn (658-713), also known as Zayn al-Abidin
4. Muhammad al-Baqir (676-743)
5. Jafar al-Sadiq (703-765)
6. Ismail bin Jafar

It is important to note that Hasan ibn Ali is not counted as Imam by the Ismailis on the ground that continuation of the Imamate can only occur from the current Imam to a male descendant. Since Hasan and Husayn were siblings, the Imamate could not pass from one of them to the other. Ali ibn Abu Talib (Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب translit: ‘Alī ibn Abu Ṭālib Persian: علی پسر ابو طالب) ‎ (599 – 661) is an early Islamic leader. ... Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: ‎ )‎ (626 – 680) was the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... Ali ibn Husayn, Zayn al-Abideen, (Arabic: علي بن حسين زين العابدين) ‎ (658 - 713) was the fourth Shia Imam (see Shia Imams). ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Muhammad al-Baqir Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (676 - January 31, 743) was the fifth Shia Imam. ... ... Ismail bin Jafar was the eldest son of the sixth Shia Imam, Jafar as-Sadiq. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ...

Zaydī view

The Zaydī believe that the first four Imāms listed above are the rightful successors of Muhammad but differ as to the fifth. The Zaydiyya believe that Zayd ibn ˤAlī and not his brother Muhammad al-Baqir was the rightful successor to the Imamate. For Zaydiyya, the Imamate was transferred from Zayd ibn ˤAlī to the Imāms who followed him; they often took the title of caliph. Unusually, the Zaydī caliphate was not hereditary, although the caliph has to be descended from ˤAlī ibn Abī Tālib. Zayd ibn Ali (d. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Muhammad al-Baqir Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (676 - January 31, 743) was the fifth Shia Imam. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ...

1. Alī ibn Abī Tālib (600 CE-661 CE)
2. Hassan ibn Alī (625-669)
3. Hussayn ibn Alī (626-680)
4. Alī ibn Hussayn (658-713), also known as Zayn al-Abidin
5. Zayd ibn Alī (d. 740)

Not all "Zaydiyya" believe Zayd was the true Imām - Wasitis believe in the Twelve Imams and are considered Twelvers. Most Wasitī settled in India and Pakistan; the largest group is known as Saadat-e Bahra. Saadat means "descendants of Hussayn" and bahra means "twelve" in Hindi-Urdu. Saadat-e Bahra's biggest gathering is in Karachi, Pakistan and Muzaffarnagar, India. Ali ibn Abi Talib (علي بن أبي طالب) (c. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ... HÌ£usayn ibn ‘AlÄ« ibn AbÄ« Ṭālib (Arabic: ‎ )‎ (626 – 680) was the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. ... Ali ibn Husayn, Zayn al-Abideen, (Arabic: علي بن حسين زين العابدين) ‎ (658 - 713) was the fourth Shia Imam (see Shia Imams). ... Zayd ibn Ali (d. ... Mausoleum of Muhammed Ali Jinnah, known locally as Quaid-e-Azam ka Mazaar or Mazaar-e-Quaid Karachi (کراچي) is the largest city of Pakistan and the capital of the province of Sindh. ... Muzaffarnagar is a medium-sized city in the western part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. ...

See also

• Shi'a Islam
• Twelvers
• Imamzadeh
• Ismah

Shia Islam, also Shi`ite Islam or Shi`ism (Arabic: ‎ transliterated: Persian: ‎ ) is the second largest denomination of the religion of Islam. ... Twelvers (Arabic: ‎ Ithnāˤashariyya) are Shiˤa Muslims who believe there were twelve Imāms. ... The interiors of many Imamzadehs are covered with mirrors to create a brilliant display of light. ... Ismah is the concept of infallibility in Islam. ...

External links

• The Shia Islamic Guide (shiacode.com)
• Graphical illustration of the Shia sects
• History of Imams from the "Aga Khani" point of view
• Twelve Successors
• Imamah in Sunni Islam