Non-native population in Argentina, 1869–1991

The original inhabitants of Argentina were descendants of Asian peoples that crossed the Bering Land Bridge into North America and then, over thousands of years, reached the southern end of South America. Image File history File links Non-native_population_in_Argentina. ... Image File history File links Non-native_population_in_Argentina. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... Nautical chart of Bering Strait, site of former land bridge between Asia and North America The Bering land bridge, also known as Beringia, was a land bridge roughly 1600 km (1000 miles) north to south at its greatest extent, which joined present-day Alaska and eastern Siberia at various times... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...

Immigration in Argentina, from that time on, can be divided in several major stages:

• Spanish colonization starting in the 16th century, displacing or forcefully integrating the indigenous inhabitants (see Population history of American indigenous peoples).
• European immigration, including Welsh settlement, in the 19th century, focused on colonization and sponsored by the government (sometimes on lands "freed" of the native inhabitants by the Conquest of the Desert in the last quarter of the century).
• Mostly urban immigration during the era of rapid growth in the late 19th century (from 1880 onwards) and the first half of the 20th century, before and after World War I and also after the Spanish Civil War.
• Economic migrants from Korea, China, Latin America and from Eastern Europe in the late 20th century and early 21st century.

The Spanish colonization of the Americas began with the arrival in the Western Hemisphere of Christopher Columbus (Cristóbal Colón) in 1492. ... Millions of indigenous people lived in the Americas when the 1492 voyage of Christopher Columbus began an historical period of large-scale European contact with the Americas. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The Welsh settlement in Argentina began in the 19th century. ... The Conquest of the Desert (Spanish: Conquista del desierto) was a controversial campaign by the Argentine government, executed mainly by General Julio Argentino Roca, to wrest Patagonia from the control of the regions aboriginal tribes at the end of the 19th century. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... It has been suggested that Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War be merged into this article or section. ... This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Pre-1989 division between the West (grey) and Eastern Bloc (orange) superimposed on current national boundaries: Russia (dark orange), other countries of the former USSR (medium orange),members of the Warsaw pact (light orange), and other former Communist regimes not aligned with Moscow (lightest orange). ...

Support and control of immigration

Copy of a colonization contract in the history museum of San José, Entre Ríos.

Since its unification as a country and before, Argentine rulers intended the country to welcome productive immigration, albeit selectively. Article 25 of the 1853 Constitution reads: Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1728, 849 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Immigration to Argentina Agricultural colonies in Argentina Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1728, 849 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Immigration to Argentina Agricultural colonies in Argentina Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital... San José (also called Villa San José) is a city in the center-east of the province of Entre Ríos, Argentina, located some 10 km northwest from Colón, near the Uruguay River. ...

The Federal Government will encourage European immigration, and it will not restrict, limit or burden with any taxes the entrance into Argentine territory of foreigners who come with the goal of working the land, improving the industries and teach the sciences and the arts.

The Preamble of the Constitution, more generously, dictates a number of goals (justice, peace, defense, welfare and liberty) that apply "to all men in the world who wish to dwell on Argentine soil". The Constitution incorporates, along with other influences, the thought of Juan Bautista Alberdi, who expressed his opinion on the matter in succinct terms: "to rule is to populate". Juan Bautista Alberdi (29 August 1810-19 June 1884) was a Argentian political theorist and diplomat. ...

The legal and organizational precedents of today's National Migrations Office (Dirección Nacional de Migraciones) can be found in 1825, when Rivadavia created an Immigration Commission. After the Commission was dissolved, the government of Rosas continued to allow immigration. Urquiza, under whose sponsorship the Constitution was drawn, encouraged the establishment of agricultural colonies in the Littoral (western Mesopotamia and north-eastern Pampas). Bernardino de la Trinidad Gónzalez Rivadavia y Rivadavia (Buenos Aires May 20, 1780 - 1845) was the first president of Argentina, from February 8, 1826 to July 7, 1827. ... General de Rosas Juan Manuel de Rosas (born Juan Manuel José Domingo Ortiz de Rozas y López de Osornio, 1793-1877) was a conservative Argentine politician who ruled Argentina from 1829 to 1852. ... Justo José de Urquiza y García (October 18, 1801 â€“ April 11, 1870) was an Argentine general and politician. ... Agricultural colonies in Argentina were a demographically and economically important part of the evolution of the country. ... La Mesopotamia, Región Mesopotámica or Litoral (Littoral) is the humid and verdant area of north-east Argentina, comprising the provinces of Misiones, Entre Ríos and Corrientes. ... This article is about the lowland plains in South America. ...

The first law dealing with immigration policies was Law 817 of Immigration and Colonization, of 1876. The General Immigration Office was created in 1898, together with an Immigrants' Hotel and an Immigrants' Hospital, in Buenos Aires.

The liberal rulers of the late 19th century saw immigration as the possibility of bringing people from supposedly more civilized, enlightened countries into a sparsely populated land, thus diminishing the influence of aboriginal elements and turning Argentina into a modern society with a dynamic economy. However, immigrants did not only bring their knowledge and skills. In 1902, a Law of Residence (Ley de Residencia) was passed, mandating the expulsion of foreigners who "compromise national security or disturb public order", and in 1910 a Law of Social Defense (Ley de Defensa Social) explicitly named ideologies deemed to have such effects. These laws were a reaction by the ruling elite against imported ideas such as labor unionism, anarchism and other forms of popular organization. A union (labor union in American English; trade union, sometimes trades union, in British English; either labour union or trade union in Canadian English) is a legal entity consisting of employees or workers having a common interest, such as all the assembly workers for one employer, or all the workers... Anarchism is a political philosophy or group of philosophies and attitudes which reject any form of compulsory government[1] and support its elimination,[2] often because of a wider rejection of involuntary authority. ...

The modern National Migrations Office was created by decree on 1949-02-04 under the Technical Secretariat of the Presidency, in order to deal with the new post-war immigration scenario. New regulations were added to the Office by Law 22439 of 1981 and a decree of 1994. 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Features of immigration

The majority of immigrants, since the 19th century, came from Europe, mostly from Spain and Italy, but with a substantial influx of British and Germans. Also notable were Jewish immigrants escaping persecution. Between 1860 and 1930, newcomers from Spain and Italy accounted for 80% of the total immigration. [1] The total population of Argentina rose from 4 million in 1895 to 7.9 million in 1914, and to 15.8 million in 1947; during this time the country was settled by 1.5 million Italians and 1.4 million Spaniards, as well as Poles, Russians, French (more than 100,000 each), Germans, Austrians and Swiss ( also more than 100,000) Portuguese, Ukrainians, Yugoslavians, Czechs, Irish, Dutch, Scandinavians and people from other European and Middle Eastern countries. Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in the Latin alphabet, Југославија in Cyrillic; English: South Slavia) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century. ... Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region centered on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe which includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...

Most immigrants arrived through the port of Buenos Aires and stayed in the capital or within Buenos Aires Province, as it still happens today. In 1895, immigrants accounted for 52% of the population in the Capital, and 31% in the province of Buenos Aires (some provinces of the littoral, such as Santa Fe, had about 40%, and the Patagonian provinces about 50%). In 1914, before World War I caused many European immigrants to return to their homeland in order to join the respective armies, the overall rate of foreign-born population reached its peak, almost 30%. For other uses, see Buenos Aires (disambiguation). ... The Buenos Aires province (IPA: , Spanish: Provincia de Buenos Aires) is the wealthiest and most populated province of Argentina. ... A littoral is the region near the shoreline of a body of fresh or salt water. ... Santa Fe is a province of Argentina, located in the north of the country. ... Patagonia, as most commonly defined (in orange). ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ...

A significant number of immigrants settled in the countryside in the interior of the country, especially the littoral provinces, creating agricultural colonies. These included many Jews, fleeing pogroms in Europe and sponsored by Maurice de Hirsch's Jewish Colonization Association; they were later termed "Jewish gauchos". The first such Jewish colony was Moïseville (now the village of Moisés Ville). Through most of the 20th century Argentina held one of the largest Jewish communities (near 500,000) after the USA, France, Israel and Russia, and by far the largest in Latin America (see History of the Jews in Argentina). The Welsh settlement of Argentina, whilst not as large as those from other countries, was nevertheless one of the largest in the planet, and had an important cultural influence on the Patagonian Chubut Province. Other nationalities have also settled in particular areas of the country, such as Irish in Formosa and the Mesopotamia region. Very notorious and culturally-strong are the German-speaking communities such as those of German-descendants themselves (both those from Germany itself, and those ethnic Germans from other parts of Europe, such as Volga Germans), Austrian, and Swiss ones. Strong German-descendent populations can be found in the Mesopotamia region (especially Entre Ríos and Misiones provinces), many neighborhoods in Buenos Aires city (such as Belgrano or Palermo), the Buenos Aires Province itself (strong German settlement in Coronel Suárez, Tornquist and other areas), Córdoba (the Oktoberfest celebration in Villa General Belgrano is specially famous) and all along the Patagonian region, including important cities such as San Carlos de Bariloche (an important tourist spot near the Andes mountain chain, which was especially influenced by German settlements). Agricultural colonies in Argentina were a demographically and economically important part of the evolution of the country. ... Maurice de Hirsch, Baron Moritz von Hirsch auf Gereuth, in the baronage of Bavaria (December 9, 1831 - April 21, 1896), capitalist and philanthropist (German by birth, Austro-Hungarian by domicile), was born in Munich. ... History The Jewish Colonization Association (JCA, in Yiddish ICA) was created in 1891 by the Baron Maurice de Hirsch. ... Jewish gauchos (in Spanish, gauchos judíos) is a common name for Jewish immigrants that settled in fertile regions of Argentina, typically in agricultural colonies. These colonies were mostly established by the Jewish Colonization Association of Paris (of which the Baron Maurice de Hirsch and the Baroness de Hirsch were... Moisés Ville is a small town (a comuna) in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. ... Jews have lived in Argentina for centuries, yet large Jewish populations did not appear in the country until the 19th and 20th centuries. ... The Welsh settlement in Argentina began in the 19th century. ... Patagonia, as most commonly defined (in orange). ... Chubut is a province in the southern part of Argentina, that lies between the 42nd Parallel South (forming the border with the Río Negro Province) and 46th Parallel South (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range separating Argentina from Chile, and the Atlantic ocean. ... Volga German pioneer family commemorative statue in Victoria, Kansas, USA. The Volga Germans (German: or Russlanddeutsche) were ethnic Germans living near the Volga River in the region of southern European Russia around Saratov and to the south, maintaining German culture, language, traditions and religions: Evangelical Lutheranism, Reformed and Roman Catholicism... Entre Ríos is a province of Argentina, it lays and borders north of Buenos Aires Province, south of Corrientes Province, east of Santa Fe Province, and west of Uruguay. ... Misiones may refer to: Misiones Province, Argentina Misiones Department, Paraguay This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... // Location Belgrano is a leafy, northern barrio or neighborhood of the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. ... Palermo is a neighborhood, or barrio of the Argentine capital, Buenos Aires. ... Official name Partido de Coronel Suarez Capital Coronel Suárez Country Province Argentina Buenos Aires Foundation Founder May 28, 1883 Eduardo Casey Population:    - Total 36,828  - Density 6. ... Official name Partido de Tornquist Capital Tornquist Country Province Argentina Buenos Aires Foundation Founder 1910 Dom Ernesto Tornquist Population:    - Total 11,759  - Density 2. ... Córdoba is a province of Argentina, located in the center of the country. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Aerial view of Villa General Belgrano Villa General Belgrano, a small mountain village of 6,260 inhabitants is named after the creator of the Argentine flag and located in a lush green valley of Calamuchita in the Mountains in the Province of Córdoba in central Argentina. ... San Carlos de Bariloche is a city in the province of Río Negro, Argentina, situated on the foothills of the Andes, surrounded by lakes (Nahuel Huapi, Gutiérrez Lake, Moreno Lake and Mascardi Lake) and mountains (Tronador, Cerro Catedral, Cerro López). ...

Other nationalities, such as Spaniards or Italians, although having specific localities (viz. La Boca in Buenos Aires) are more uniformly present all around the country and form the general background of Argentine population today.

Legacy of immigration

A statue honoring the immigrants, in Rosario.

Argentine popular culture, specially in the Río de la Plata basin, was heavily marked by Italian and Spanish immigration. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1728x2304, 646 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Immigration in Argentina Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1728x2304, 646 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Immigration in Argentina Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Rosario is the largest city of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, and the third most populous in the country, after Buenos Aires and Córdoba. ... Río de la Plata in relation to Uruguay and Argentina A satellite view of the estuary The Río de la Plata (Spanish: Silver River) — which is often referred to in English-speaking countries as the River Plate (as in the Battle of the River Plate), or sometimes as...

Post-independence national politics tried to steer Argentina consistently away from identification with monarchical Spain, perceived as backward and ultraconservative, towards progressive models like France or the United States. Millions of poor peasants from the province of Galicia in Northern Spain, who arrived through immigration, made little to alter this negative view.

Italian influence is more visible. Lunfardo, the jargon enshrined in tango lyrics, is ladden with Italianisms, often also found in the mainstream colloquial dialect (Rioplatense Spanish). Common dishes in the central area of the country (milanesa, fainá, polenta, pascualina) have Italian names and origins. Lunfardo was a colorful, slangy argot of the Spanish language which developed at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century in the lower classes in and around Buenos Aires. ... Main urban centers of Rioplatense Spanish. ...

Immigrant communities have given Buenos Aires some of its most famous landmarks, such as the Monumento de los Españoles (Monument of the Spaniards). Ukrainians, Armenians, Swiss and many others built monuments and churches at popular spots throughout the capital.

Argentina celebrates Immigrant's Day on 4 September since 1949, by a decree of the Executive Branch. The National Immigrant's Festival is celebrated in Oberá, Misiones, during the first fortnight of September, since 1980. There are other celebrations of ethnic diversity throughout the country, such as the National Meeting and Festival of the Communities in Rosario (typically at the beginning of November). Many cities and towns in Argentina also feature monuments and memorials dedicated to immigration. is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... Ukrainian Ballet performing during the celebrations Immigrants Festival is celebrated in the city of Oberá, Misiones in Argentina. ... The San Antonios temple in the downtown of Oberá Oberá is a city in Misiones Province, Argentina. ... Misiones is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the northeastern corner of the country in the Mesopotamia region. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... The Communities Meeting and National Celebration (in Spanish, Encuentro y Fiesta Nacional de Colectividades) is a cultural event celebrated annually in Rosario, province of Santa Fe, Argentina, since 1985. ... Rosario is the largest city of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, and the third most populous in the country, after Buenos Aires and Córdoba. ...

Legal and illegal immigration in recent times

Besides substantial immigration from neighboring countries, during the middle and late 1990s Argentina received significant numbers of people from Asian countries such as Korea (both North and South), China and Vietnam, which joined the previously existing Sino-Japanese communities in Buenos Aires.^{[citation needed]} Despite the economic and financial crisis Argentina suffered at the turn of the millennium, people from all over the world continued arriving to the country, because of their immigration-friendly policy and other reasons. The Argentine economic crisis was part of the situation that affected Argentinas economy during the late 1990s and early 2000s. ...

According to official data, between 1992 and 2003 an average 13,187 people per year immigrated legally in Argentina. The government calculates that 504,000 people entered the country during the same period, giving about 345,000 illegal immigrants. The same source gives a plausible total figure of 750,000 illegals currently residing in Argentina. Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In April 2006 the national government started the Patria Grande plan to regularize the migratory situation of illegal aliens. The plan attempts to ease the bureaucratic process of getting documentation and residence papers, and is aimed at citizens of Mercosur countries and its associated states (Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela). The plan came after a scandal and a wave of indignation caused by fire in a Buenos Aires sweatshop, which revealed the widespread utilization of illegal Bolivian immigrants as cheap labor force in inhumane conditions, under a regime of virtual debt slavery. Motto (Spanish) (Portuguese) (Guaraní) Our North is the South  â€¢  â€¢ Pro Tempore Secretariat Montevideo, Uruguay Largest city São Paulo, Brazil Official languages 3 Portuguese Spanish Guaraní Membership 5 Argentina Brazil Paraguay Uruguay Venezuela Leaders  -  Carlos Álvarez Establishment  -  Declaration of Foz do Iguaçu 30 December 1985   -  Treaty of Asunción... Slave redirects here. ...

See also

• History of Argentina
• Demographics of Argentina
• Asian-Argentines
• History of the Jews in Argentina
• Jewish gauchos

This article is about the history of Argentina. ... This article is about the demographics features of the population of Argentina, including distribution, ethnicity, economic status and other. ... History A small neighborhood grocery store in Buenos Aires owned by Asian-Argentines Argentinas Asian population is descended from several waves of Asian immigration that have occured in the last century. ... Jews have lived in Argentina for centuries, yet large Jewish populations did not appear in the country until the 19th and 20th centuries. ... Jewish gauchos (in Spanish, gauchos judíos) is a common name for Jewish immigrants that settled in fertile regions of Argentina, typically in agricultural colonies. These colonies were mostly established by the Jewish Colonization Association of Paris (of which the Baron Maurice de Hirsch and the Baroness de Hirsch were...

References

In Spanish unless otherwise noted.

• (English) CasaHistoria — European immigration to Argentina.
• Immigrant's Day - on the Ministry of Education website.
• Conformación de la Población Argentina
• Bajaron de los barcos ("They came down from the ships") - Figures, timeline and other details of Argentine immigration.
• Patria Grande, National Program of Migratory Documentary Normalization.
• La Nación, 17 April 2006. Más de 10 mil inmigrantes iniciaron trámites de regularización.
• "Inmigración a la Argentina (1850-1950)" - monografias.com