NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Imperator totius Hispaniae

The title of Imperator (totius) Hispaniae (Latin for Emperor of (All) Spain was borne, traditionally, by the monarchs of León, from at least the tenth century. It was used, somewhat sporadically, in the following two centuries as the kings of the various kingdoms of Christian Iberia fought for supremacy and for the imperiale culmen, León. Notice that, before the emergence of the modern country of Spain (beginning with the union of Castile and Aragon in 1492), the Latin word Hispania, in any of the Iberian Romance languages, either in singular or plural forms (in English: Spain or Spains), was used to refer to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula, and not exclusively, as in modern usage, to the country of Spain, thus excluding Portugal. Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... An emperor is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. ... In the reign of OrdoÃ±o I of Asturias (850-866), the kingdom began to be known as that of LeÃ³n. ... ( 9th century - 10th century - 11th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 10th century was that century which lasted from 901 to 1000. ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe. ... Cathedral of LeÃ³n The Palacio de los Guzmanes, the provincial parliament (DiputaciÃ³n) in the capital Old local council Wikimedia Commons has media related to: LeÃ³n The city of LeÃ³n, located at 42. ... The starting point of Crown of Castile can be considered when the union of the Kingdoms of Castile and Leon in 1230 or the later fusion of their Cortes (their Parlaments). ... Capital Zaragoza Official language(s) Spanish; Aragonese and Catalan also used Area â€“ Total â€“ % of Spain Ranked 4th 47,719 kmÂ² 9. ... 1492 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Latin is an ancient [[Indo-European languages|Indo-well as the Roman CEuropean language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... Roman theater at MÃ©rida; the statues are replicas Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar) and to two provinces created there in the period of the Roman Republic: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior. ... The formation of Iberian Romance languages followed more or less this process: A common Romance language with dialectal differences was spoken throughout the ancient Roman Empire. ...

In the first decades of the eleventh century, the Catalan Abbot Oliva referred to the kings of León, Alfonso V and Bermudo III, as imperatores. In 1034, however, the city of León was conquered by Sancho III of Navarre, known as "the Great", and he began to refer to himself as rex Hispaniarum — "King of the Spains" — a style which implied his overlordship over all the Iberian domains. He even minted coins bearing the imperial title, which he undoubtedly aspired too and almost certainly used. His successors considered the tradition, giving the one of the number who held León the right to be called "emperor". Catalan can refer to: Catalan people Catalan language An inhabitant of Catalonia A Catalan speaker, whether or not from Catalonia proper (see Catalan Countries). ... Alfonso V, called the Noble, king of LeÃ³n, son of Bermudo II by his second wife Elvira of Castile, reigned from 999 to 1027, and was the first Spanish monarch to use the title of king of Castile. ... Bermudo III (1010â€“4 September 1037), king of LeÃ³n (1028â€“4 September 1037), son of Alfonso V of LeÃ³n by his wife Elvira Mendes, was the last scion of Peter of Cantabria to rule in the Leonese kingdom. ... Events April 11 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium marries her chamberlain and elevates him to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael IV. Franche-Comté becomes subject to the Holy Roman Empire. ... Sancho III (c. ...

In 1054, Sancho's second eldest son, Ferdinand I, on the death of the eldest, received the high kingship among his brothers and, in 1056, had himself crowned "Emperor of Spain". The title fell into abeyance as his heirs disputed the inheritance, but in 1077, his second son, Alfonso VI, crowned himself "Emperor of All Spain". He married his daughter and heiress, Urraca, to Alfonso the Battler, the king of Navarre and Aragon, and the Battler began to use the title after his death in 1109. The Aragonese king, though he controlled Castile through his marriage, never had possession of León, though he had the undoubted supremacy of the Christian rulers of Iberia during his tenure. Events Cardinal Humbertus, a representative of Pope Leo IX, and Michael Cerularius, Patriarch of Constantinople, decree each others excommunication. ... Ferdinand I, called the Great (in his time, El Magno) (1017â€“LeÃ³n, 1065), was the king of Castile from his fathers death in 1035 and the king of LeÃ³nâ€”through his wifeâ€”after defeating his father-in-law in 1037 until his death in 1065. ... Events Creation of the Crab Nebula observed by a Chinese astronomer Anselm of Canterbury leaves Italy. ... Events January 26 - Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor visits Pope Gregory VII as a penitent, asking him remove sentence of excommunication Robert Curthose instigates his first insurrection against his father, William the Conqueror Seljuk Turks capture Nicaea SÃ¼leyman I of RÃ¼m becomes the leader of the Sultanate of... Alfonso VI (before June 1040 â€“ July 1, 1109), nicknamed the Brave, was king of LeÃ³n from 1065 to 1109 and king of Castile since 1072 after his brothers death. ... Urraca of Castile (1082 â€“ March 8, 1126) was Queen of Castile and LeÃ³n from 1109 to her death. ... Alfonso I of Aragon the Battler (circa 1073-1134, king of Aragon and Navarre 1104-1134). ... This is a list of the kings of Navarre. ... Here is a list of the rulers of Aragon, now a region of north-eastern Spain. ... Events Battle of Naklo Battle of Hundsfeld Fulk of Jerusalem becomes count of Anjou Alfonso I of Aragon marries Urraca of Castile Crusaders capture Tripoli Anselm of Laon becomes chancellor of Laon Births July 25 - Afonso, first king of Portugal Deaths Alfonso VI of Castile Anselm of Canterbury, philosopher and...

Alfonso the Battler died in 1134. In 1135, Alfonso VII of León was crowned "Emperor of All the Spains" in the Cathedral of León. He tried his mightiest to justify his title through patronage of the church and success in the Reconquista, and through annexing to his suzerainty his neighbouring kings, so much so that he has gone down in history with the sobriquet the Emperor, but his reign ended in the division of his realm and the imperial title fell out of use permanently. Events Baalbeck taken by Genghis Khan House of Brandenburg begins when Albrecht the Bear is made head of the Nordmark St. ... Events January - Byland Abbey founded Stephen of Blois succeeds King Henry I. Empress Maud, daughter of Henry I and widow of Henry V opposed Stephen and claims the throne as her own Owain Gwynedd of Wales defeats the Normans at Crug Mawr. ... Alfonso VII. Alfonso VII (1 March 1105 â€“ 21 August 1157), called the Emperor, became the King of Galicia in 1111 and King of LeÃ³n and Castile in 1126. ... Leon Cathedral LeÃ³n Cathedral, also called The House of Light is situated in the city of LeÃ³n in north-west Spain. ... The Reconquista (English: Reconquest) was the process encompassing almost 8 centuries, by which the Christian kingdoms of northern Hispania (modern Portugal and Spain) reconquered the Iberian peninsula from the Muslim and Moorish states of Al-Ãndalus. ...

See also GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

See also