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Encyclopedia > Imperial Regalia

The Imperial Regalia, or crown jewels (in German Reichskleinodien, Reichsinsignien, or Reichsschatz) are the regalia of the Emperors and Kings of the Holy Roman Empire. The most important parts are the Imperial Crown (Reichskrone), the Holy Lance (Heilige Lanze) and the Imperial Sword (Reichsschwert). Today they are kept at the Schatzkammer Treasury in the Hofburg palace in Vienna, Austria. ... An emperor is a monarch and sovereign ruler of an empire or any other imperial realm. ... For the head of state, see Monarch. ... The crown of the Holy Roman Empire (2nd half of the 10th century), now held in the Vienna Schatzkammer. ... refers to the Imperial Crown (Reichskrone) of the Holy Roman Empire, or the Imperial (automobile) ... Schatzkammer in German translates as Treasury (Chamber/Vault). ... For the U.S. government securities, see Treasury security A treasury is the part of a government which manages all money and revenue. ... Hofburg Neue Burg section, seen from Heldenplatz. ...


The Imperial Regalia is the only completely still preserved royal regalia from the Middle-Age. During the late Middle-Age, the word Imperial Regalia (Reichskleinodien) had many variations in the Latin language. The regalia were either named: insignia imperialia, regalia insignia, insignia imperalis capellae quae regalia dicuntur and other similar words. For the historical era, see Middle Ages. ...


Components

The regalia is made out of two different parts. The greater group are the so-called Nürnberger Kleinodien (translated into English roughly as Nuremberg regalia). The name was coined, because from 1424 to 1796 the regalia were kept in Nuremberg. This part was made out of the Imperial Crown (Reichskrone), parts of the coronation vestments (Krönungsornat), the Imperial Orb (Reichsapfel), the Imperial Sceptre (Zepter), the Imperial Sword (Reichsschwert),the Ceremonial Sword (Zeremonienschwert), the Imperial Cross (Reichskreuz), the Holy Lance (Heilige Lanze), and all other reliquiaries except the Purse of St. Stephen (Stephansbursa). Events August 17 - Battle of Verneuil - An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stuart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. ... 1796 was a leap year starting on Friday. ... Nuremberg coat of arms Location of Nuremberg Nuremberg (German: Nürnberg) is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. ... refers to the Imperial Crown (Reichskrone) of the Holy Roman Empire, or the Imperial (automobile) ... In Christian mythology the Holy Lance is the lance used at the Crucifixion, which was later identified with a relic or relics that survive. ...


The beforementioned Purse of St. Stephen, the Imperial Holy Bible book (Reichsevangeliar), and the so-called Sword of Charlemagne (Säbel Karls des Großen) were kept in Aachen until 1794. That is why the lesser part is called Aachener Kleinodien (translated into English roughly as Aachen regalia). Since when this part is counted amongst the Imperial Regalia, and since when they have been kept in Aachen is unknown.

Present inventory in Vienna:
Aachen regalia (Aachener Kleinodien) Probable place of origin, and date of production
Imperial Holy Bible (Reichsevangeliar or Krönungsevangeliar) Aachen, End of 8th. century
St. Stephen´s Purse (Stephansbursa) carolingian, 1st. third-part of 9th. century
Sword of Charlemagne (Säbel Karl des Großen)    eastern-european, 2nd. half of 9th. century
Nuremberg regalia (Nürnberger Kleinodien) Probable place of origin, and date of production
Imperial Crown (Reichskrone)    west-german, 2nd. half of 10th. century
Imperial Cross (Reichskreuz)    west-german, around 1024/1025
Holy Lance (Heilige Lanze)    langobardian, 8./9th. century
Kreuzpartikel   
Imperial Sword (Reichsschwert)    sheath german, 2nd. third-part of 11th. century
Imperial Orb (Reichsapfel)    west-german, around end of 12th. century
Coronation Mantle (Krönungsmantel) (Pluviale)    Palermo, 1133/24
Alb    Palermo, 1181
Dalmatica (Tunicella)    Palermo, around 1140
Stockings    Palermo, around 1170
Shoes    Palermo, around 1130 or around 1220
Gloves    Palermo, 1220
Ceremonial Sword (Zeremonienschwert)    Palermo, 1220
Stola    central-italian, before 1338
Eagle-dalmatica (Adlerdalmatica)    upper-german, before 1350
Imperial Sceptre (Zepter)    german, 1st. half of 14th. century
Aspergile    german, 1st. half of 14th. century
Reliquiary with chains    Rome or Prague, around 1368
Reliquiary with a piece of vestment of the John the Evangelist    Rome or Prague, around 1368
Reliquiary with a shaving of the Crib of Christ    Rome or Prague, around 1368
Reliquiary with an arm-bone of St. Anne    probably Prague after 1350
Reliquiary with a tooth of John the Baptist    bohemian, after1350
Case (Futteral) of the Imperial Crown    Prague, after 1350
Reliquiary with a piece of the tablecloth used during the Last Supper   

refers to the Imperial Crown (Reichskrone) of the Holy Roman Empire, or the Imperial (automobile) ... In Christian mythology the Holy Lance is the lance used at the Crucifixion, which was later identified with a relic or relics that survive. ... Location within Italy Palermo (Palermo in Italian) (Palermu or Palemmu in Sicilian) (population 680,000) is the principal city and administrative seat of the autonomous region of Sicily, Italy. ... The stola was the traditional garment of Roman women, corresponding to the toga that was worn by men. ... Location within Italy The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin: Roma) is the capital city of Italy and of its Latium region. ... Prague (Praha in Czech) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... Categories: Saints | Ancient Roman Christianity | Christianity-related stubs ... Location within Italy The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin: Roma) is the capital city of Italy and of its Latium region. ... Prague (Praha in Czech) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... This article is about the figure known by both Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ. For other usages, see Jesus (disambiguation). ... Location within Italy The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin: Roma) is the capital city of Italy and of its Latium region. ... Prague (Praha in Czech) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... Anna also known as Saint Anne is known by tradition as mother of The Virgin Mary. ... John the Baptist (also called John the Baptizer or John the Dipper) is regarded as a prophet by at least three religions: Christianity, Islam, and Mandaeanism. ... Categories: Stub | Software engineering | Data management ... The Last Supper, represented by polychrome sculptures in the Pilgrimage Church of Madonna dell Sasso (Locarno) In the Christian faith, the Last Supper was the last meal between Jesus and his apostles before his death. ...

History

Middle Age

The inventory of the regalia during the late Middle Age normally consisted only of five to six items. Gottfried von Viterbo counted following items: the Imperial Cross, the Holy Lance, the crown, the sceptre, the orb, and the sword. On other lists however, the sword is not mentioned. Gottfried von Viterbo (c1125-1202). ...


If the medieval chronicles really do refer to the regalia, which are kept in Vienna today, depends on a variety of factors. Descriptions of the emperors only spoke of them being “clothed in imperial regalia” without exactly describing which ones they were. The crown can only be dated since the 1200s nachweisen, when it is described in a medieval poem. The poem speaks of the Waise stone, which was a big and prominent jewel on the crowns. The first definite pictorial image of the crown can only be found later in a mural in the Burg Karlstein castle close to Prague. Prague (Praha in Czech) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ...


It is also difficult to define since when the the Imperial and Ceremonial Swords belong to the regalia.


  Results from FactBites:
 
Imperial Regalia of Japan Summary (888 words)
The initial stage of imperial enthronement ceremonies occurs when the regalia are passed into the possession of the new emperor, legitimizing his claim to the throne.
The jewel and replicas of the mirror and sword are in the possession of the current emperor and are enshrined in the Kashiko-dokoro Shrine on the grounds of the Tokyo Imperial Palace.
During the Northern and Southern dynasties period in the 14th century, the possession by the Southern Dynasty of the imperial regalia has led modern chroniclers to define that as the legitimate dynasty for purposes of reign names and genealogy.
Emperor of Japan at AllExperts (4734 words)
The acceptable source of imperial wives, brides for the emperor and crown prince, were even legislated into the Meiji-era imperial house laws (1889), which stipulated that daughters of Sekke (the five main branches of the higher Fujiwara) and daughters of the imperial clan itself were primarily acceptable brides.
Imperial daughters and granddaughters, however, usually ascended the throne as a sort of a "stop gap" measure - if a suitable male was not available or some imperial branches were in rivalry so that a compromise was needed.
One, Empress Gemmei, was the widow of a crown prince and a princess of the blood imperial.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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