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The India Office was the British government department responsible for the government of British India. It was headed by the Secretary of State for India, who was a member of the Prime Minister's Cabinet. The British Raj is an informal term for the British colonial administration of most of the Indian subcontinent, or present-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, also included from 1886 was Burma. ...
The office of Secretary of State for India or India Secretary was created in 1858 when India was brought under direct British rule (British Raj). ...
In the United Kingdom, the Prime Minister is the head of government, exercising many of the executive functions nominally vested in the Sovereign, who is head of state. ...
In the Politics of the United Kingdom, the Cabinet is a formal body comprised of government officials chosen by the kp. ...
The India Office was established under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. This act transferred the powers and functions of the British East India Company to the Crown, which continued to function as the ultimate ruler of India until 1947, when British India was partitioned into the independent states of India and Pakistan. It was unique among the departments of the British government in that it was largely funded out of Indian revenues until the entry into force of Government of India Act 1935. The movement of the Indians at this time were extremely regulated before the work of such prominent Muslims such as Sir Shahaab Uddin Hyderabadi and Khizar Ali Punjabi. ...
The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was a joint-stock company of investors, which was granted a Royal Charter by Elizabeth I on December 31, 1600, with the intent to favour trade privileges in India. ...
1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
24. ...
The India Office was intimately involved in the formation of Indian and Imperial policy throughout its existence. It worked behind the scenes forming the nexus between, the British political, bureaucratic and commercial reality and the Government of India.
As aptly described by Lord George Hamilton - Lord George Francis Hamilton (17 December 1845 - 22 September 1927) was a British Conservative politician of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ...
- "The India Office is a miniature Government in itself. There is not a branch of administrative or executive work connected with the big Government which is not represented inside the Office, and the great bulk of the questions that come on from the Government of India are not trivial or prosaic details of administration, but questions either of importance, or matters upon which there is difference of opinion or controversy, or connected with change or reforms." Lord George Hamilton, Parliamentary Reminiscences, 1868-1885, p. 68.
The Governor-General of India (called Viceroy when acting as the Crown representative to the nominally independent "princely states" of India) was the head of the British administration in India (known colloquially as the "British Raj"). However, he reported to the Secretary of State for India, and through him to Parliament. The Governor-General of India (or Governor-General and Viceroy of India) was the head of the British administration in India. ...
The Houses of Parliament, seen over Westminster Bridge The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ...
One major institutional reform - the British Government's takeover of the responsibilities of the East India Company (1858) - and three technical advances - the opening of the London-India telegraph (1865), the opening of the Suez Canal (1869) and the related replacement of sailing ships by faster steam vessels - allowed the British Government, through the Secretary of State for India, to effectively control the Viceroy. In turn, the spread of the Indian railway and telegraph system allowed the Viceroy and his secretariat to fully subordinate the Government of India machine. During this process, the India Office provided the bureaucratic and policy ammunition that the Secretaries of State of the late 19th century used to convert the Viceroy and Government of India into little more than the agents of the Government of the United Kingdom. 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ...
1881 drawing of the Suez Canal The Suez Canal (Arabic, QanÄ al-Suways), west of the Sinai Peninsula, is a 163-km maritime canal in Egypt between Port Said (BÅ«r SaÄ«d) on the Mediterranean Sea and Suez (al-Suways) on the Red Sea. ...
1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...
During the period 1910-1947, successive political reforms led to ever greater decentralization of power within India and the devolution of increased authority to both British Indian officials and Indian politicians. The India Office was intimately involved in this process at times resisting these changes. 1910 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
As part of the provisions of the Government of India Act 1935, the Burma Office was created to govern the neighbouring Crown colony of Burma. However, it was immediately merged with the India Office, with the Secretary of State for India assuming the responsibilities for Burma as well; he thus became designated as the Secretary of State for India and Burma.
The India Office proper existed until 1947, when India and Pakistan were granted independence. It was then transformed into the Burma Office, which oversaw Burma until its independence the next year. The department was then abolished completely. 1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
In spite of its manifest importance in understanding the history of pre-1947 India, no analytical investigation of the structure and function of the India Office exists for the period beyond 1924. 1924 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
See also The office of Secretary of State for India or India Secretary was created in 1858 when India was brought under direct British rule (British Raj). ...
The British Raj is an informal term for the British colonial administration of most of the Indian subcontinent, or present-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, also included from 1886 was Burma. ...
The Governor-General of India (or Governor-General and Viceroy of India) was the head of the British administration in India. ...
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