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The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 granted full U.S. citizenship to America's indigenous peoples. 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...
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The text of the 1924 Indian Citizenship Act (43 U.S. Stats. At Large, Ch. 233, p. 253 (1924)) reads as follows: BE IT ENACTED by the Senate and house of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all non citizen Indians born within the territorial limits of the United States be, and they are hereby, declared to be citizens of the United States: Provided That the granting of such citizenship shall not in any manner impair or otherwise affect the right of any Indian to tribal or other property."
Approved, June 2, 1924. June 2, 1924. [H. R. 6355.] [Public, No. 175.] SIXTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. Sess. I. CHS. 233. 1924. See House Report No. 222, Certificates of Citizenship to Indians, 68th Congress, 1st Session, Feb. 22, 1924. Note: This statute has been codified in the United States Code at Title 8, Sec. 1401(a)(2).
By the early 1920s, some 30 years after the cessation of the 19th century wars, some Indians had gained U.S. citizenship by marrying white men — or through military service, allotments, treaties or special laws. But most were not citizens, and they were barred from naturalization. Naturalization is the act whereby a person voluntarily and actively acquires a nationality which is not his or her nationality at birth. ...
Citizenship was granted as part of a desire by some U.S. leaders to see Indians absorbed or assimilated into the American mainstream, a desire reiterated by the Termination era which lasted well into the 1950s. Success seemed possible after the World War 1 service of many Indians, who were not, unlike African Americans, segregated into special units. Many Indians had fought and died valiantly in that War. The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, also known as the Wheeler-Howard Act or informally, the Indian New Deal, was U.S. federal legislation which secured new rights for Native Americans, including Alaskan natives. ...
One active assimilation proponent, Dr. Joseph K. Dixon, wrote:
"The Indian, though a man without a country, the Indian who has suffered a thousand wrongs considered the white man's burden and from mountains, plains and divides, the Indian threw himself into the struggle to help throttle the unthinkable tyranny of the Hun. The Indian helped to free Belgium, helped to free all the small nations, helped to give victory to the Stars and Stripes. The Indian went to France to help avenge the ravages of autocracy. Now, shall we not redeem ourselves by redeeming all the tribes?"
See also
An Atsina named Assiniboin Boy Photo by Edward S. Curtis. ...
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