NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Indian architecture

Indian architecture encompasses a wide variety of geographically and historically spread structures, and was transformed by the long history of the entire South Asian subcontinent. The result is an evolving range of architectural production that, inspite of the difficulty to identify it with any single representative style, nonetheless, retains a certain amount of continuity across history. The diversity of Indian culture is represented in its architecture. Indian architecture comprises of a blend of ancient and varied native traditions, with building types, forms and technologies from West, Central Asia, and Europe. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... A map showing Southwest Asia - The term Middle East is more often used to refer to both Southwest Asia and some North African countries Southwest Asia, or West Asia, is the southwestern part of Asia. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...

Studies of 'Indian' architecture normally begin with the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation that flourished in modern Pakistan and western region of present Republic of India, moving through the late Vedic period, the Maurya-Gupta age of Buddhist monuments, monasteries and Indian rock-cut architecture, followed by the great temple-building of the medieval era. Turk and Afghan rulers in the north, during medieval times brought with them West Asian traditions of the arch, the dome and the vault. The rise of the Mughal Empire in the 16th century established a sophisticated synthesis of Indian regional elements with ideas from Persia and West Asia, a style that was adopted across the subcontinent even by post-Mughal rulers and recognised today as Mughal architecture. The subsequent European colonization of India paved the way for the entry of styles from that continent, including Mannerist, Baroque, Neo-Classical and Neo-Gothic styles, which were followed in the late 19th century by the hybrid Indo-European style called the Indo-Saracenic. The Indus Valley Civilization existed along the Indus River and the Vedic Sarasvati River in present-day Pakistan. ... Map of early Iron Age Vedic India after Witzel (1989). ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), known to the Greeks as Sandracottus, was the first emperor of the Mauryan empire. ... Gupta (Hindi: à¤—à¥à¤ªà¥à¤¤à¤¾) is a surname of Indian origin. ... A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, SiddhÄrtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by... An early group of caves at Kanheri Caves Primitive beds in early viharas at Kanheri Caves Rock cut stair leading to Kanheri Indian rock-cut architecture is more various and found in greater abundance than any other forms of rock-cut architecture around the world. ... For other uses, see Arch (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Dome (disambiguation). ... The Lierne vault of the Liebfrauenkirche, MÃ¼hlacker 1482. ... Capital Delhi / Agra Language(s) Persian (initially also Chagatai; later also Urdu) Government Monarchy List of Mughal emperors - 1526-1530 Babur - 1530â€“1539 and after restoration 1555â€“1556 Humayun - 1556â€“1605 Akbar - 1605â€“1627 Jahangir - 1628â€“1658 Shah Jahan - 1659â€“1707 Aurangzeb History - Established April 21, 1526 - Ended September 21... Persia redirects here. ... A map showing Southwest Asia - The term Middle East is more often used to refer to both Southwest Asia and some North African countries Southwest Asia, or West Asia, is the southwestern part of Asia. ... Mughal architecture is the distinctive style of Islamic, Persian and Indian architecture, developed by the Mughal Empire in India in the 16th century. ... Mannerism is the usual English term for an approach to all the arts, particularly painting but not exclusive to it, a reaction to the High Renaissance, emerging after the Sack of Rome in 1527 shook Renaissance confidence, humanism and rationality to their foundations, and even Religion had split apart. ... Baroque architecture, starting in the early 17th century in Italy, took the humanist Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical, theatrical, sculptural fashion, expressing the triumph of absolutist church and state. ... The Cathedral of Vilnius (1783), by Laurynas GuceviÄius. ... Victoria Tower at the Palace of Westminster, London: Gothic details provided by A.W.N. Pugin San Sebastian Church in Manila, Philippines made entirely of steel. ... Government Museum in Chennai. ...

Indian architecture has influenced the surrounding regions of the world, especially eastern Asia, due to the spread of ideas with Buddhism. A number of Indian architectural features such as the stupa (temple mound), sikhara (temple spire), pagoda (temple tower), torana (and temple gate), have become famous symbols of Hindu-Budhist culture, used extensively in East Asia and South East Asia. The variant gopuram (southern temple gate) is noted for its intricacy and majesty. The arch, a cornerstone of world architecture, was first developed by the Indus Valley civilization, and would later be a staple of Indian architecture. Indian style Hindu and Buddhist temples were constructed abroad in ancient times, with especially noteworthy uses of this style in Cambodia's Angkor Wat, and Java's Prambanan. Even today the country is literally dotted with hundreds and thousands of monuments of various ages,some are in well preserved state and some are not so.There is a realisation in the country that it is a treasure, with a long historical path. Some of the agencies involved in this work are ASI,INTACH, conservation faculties in universities such as the School of Planning and Architecture -Center for Conservation Studies etc. For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... The Great Stupa at Sanchi. ... The Sikhara of the Raghunath Temple at Jammu, India is built in the Nagar style of temple architecture. ... A pagoda at Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia This article is about the building style. ... A torana is an element of Hindu and Buddhist architecture. ... East Asia Geographic East Asia. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Gopuram of Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam Gopuram, a prominent feature of the Hindu temple architecture of South India, is the rising tower at the entrance of a temple. ... For other uses, see Arch (disambiguation). ... Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ... The Gopuram of temples, in south India, are adorned with icons depicting a particular story surrounding the temples deity. ... The Buddhist temple Wat Chiang Man, in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which dates from the late 13th century Buddhist temples and monasteries, sorted by location. ... Aerial view of Angkor Wat The main entrance to the temple proper, seen from the eastern end of the Naga causeway Angkor Wat (or Angkor Vat) is a temple at Angkor, Cambodia, built for King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century as his state temple and capital city. ... This article is about the Java island. ... Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple compound in Indonesia, located in central Java, approximately 18 km east of Yogyakarta ( ). It was built around 850 CE by either Rakai Pikatan, king of the second Mataram dynasty or Balitung Maha Sambu, during the Sanjaya dynasty. ...

As far as the more modern structures from Islamic to British colonial periods - many of them are still in use and that is what gives the urban setting in Indian cities a unique historical touch.

What is neeed today is a genuine discourse to develop a style of habitat to suit to the needs of millions of Indian and not just a "kitch" , a Punjabi Baroque ( http://vishalsaxena.50webs.com/writings1/index.html) copy of the west or reinventing of the wheel it has be an intelligent choice not set in stone yet within some principles which are replicable.

Indus Valley civilization

The earliest known civilization in the Indo-Pak region of South Asia was the Indus Valley Civilization, comprising many urban settlements, including the large cities of Harrappa and Mohenjo Daro, and characterised by a variety of house types, many of which had private baths connected to public drainage systems. The cities consisted of a citadel raised above residential and production districts with streets laid out in a grid plan and lined by drains. The citadel was intended to contain the most important buildings, including the grainaries and trading depots, and in the case of Mohenjo Daro, the Great Bath, widely believed to be a fertility shrine. The uniformity in urban layouts, house typologies and sizes as well as construction methods of the standard kiln-fired bricks, is evidence of significant social and political co-ordination. Recent excavations have proved that the geographical spread of the Indus Valley Civilisation was much larger than thought earlier, encompassing areas east of the Indus valley (in modern Pakistan) and areas in western region of present Republic of India (modern Haryana, Gujrat and Punjab). Dhaulavira in Gujrat is one such site under extensive study as of now Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ... Harappa is a city in Punjab, northeast Pakistan, located beside a former course of the Ravi River; about 35km southwest of Sahiwal. ... Mohenjo-daro (Urdu: , Sindhi: , English: ) was a city of the Indus Valley Civilization built around 2600 BC and is located in the Sindh Province of Pakistan. ... This article is about a type of fortification. ... Mohenjo-daro (Urdu: , Sindhi: , English: ) was a city of the Indus Valley Civilization built around 2600 BC and is located in the Sindh Province of Pakistan. ...

Vedic Literature - Textual References

Many of the late Vedic texts speak of purs (forts or citadels) made of stone and metal. The Vedas have a number of words houses including chhardis (a house with a thatched roof), harmyam (a house of brick and stone that had a courtyard in the middle), and gotra (a multi-dwelling complex with sheds for animals). The Rig-Veda speaks of a palace with 1000 doors, and also of one with 1000 columns. The Vedas (Sanskrit: à¤µà¥‡à¤¦) are a large corpus of texts originating in Ancient India. ... Veda redirects here. ... The Rig Veda à¤‹à¤—à¥à¤µà¥‡à¤¦ (Sanskrit á¹›gveda from á¹›c praise + veda knowledge) is a collection of hymns(each hymn is called a Rucha.) counted among the four Hindu religious scriptures known as the Vedas, and contains the oldest texts preserved in any Indo-Iranian language. ...

Rise of Buddhist and Jain architectures

Viharas (Buddhist monasteries) began to appear soon after the death of the Buddha, particularly during the Mauryan Empire (321 - 232 B.C) with characteristic stupa monuments; and chaityas (meditation halls housing a stupa). The same period saw the beginning of stone architecture, evidenced by palace remains at Pataliputra as well as the Ashoka Stambha - the monolithic free-standing columns inscribed with edicts put up by the Emperor Ashoka. The Ashokan period is also marked for the introduction of brilliant rock-cut architecture, which formed into the 1000-year-long tradition of cutting and sculpting vast, complex and multi-roomed shrines into natural rock, resulting in religious edifices belonging to Ajivika Buddhist, Hindu and Jain faiths. This practice is supposed to have originated in Egypt and appeared in India for the first time in the Barabar caves presented by Ashoka to the Ajivika sect. The forms, spaces and designs of Buddhist and Jain influened architectures were to leave an indelible mark on the future architecture of the subcontinent. Quite a few Buddhist and Jain monasteries and shrines are said to have been destroyed in the early and mid-medieval era. Vihara at Kanheri Caves Wall carvings Vihara is an Indian Buddhist monastery. ... Media:Example. ... The Mauryan empire (321 to 185 BCE), at its largest extent around 230 BCE. The Lion Capital of Asoka, erected around 250 BCE. It is the emblem of India. ... The Great Stupa at Sanchi. ... A chaitya-griha (stupa hall) is a meeting or assembly often used for purposes similar to a stupa. ... The Great Stupa at Sanchi. ... ... Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: à¤…à¤¶à¥‹à¤•(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BCâ€“232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in... Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: à¤…à¤¶à¥‹à¤•(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BCâ€“232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in... A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, SiddhÄrtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... JAIN is an activity within the Java Community Process, developing APIs for the creation of telephony (voice and data) services. ... The Barabar Caves are manmade caves located in the Jehanabad District of Bihar, India, 18 km north of Gaya. ... Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: à¤…à¤¶à¥‹à¤•(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BCâ€“232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in... JAIN is an activity within the Java Community Process, developing APIs for the creation of telephony (voice and data) services. ...

Hindu architecture

The reference to Hindu temples in literature goes back to 5th century BC in the texts by Panini (520 BC - 460 BC) and Patanjali. Later, with increasing architectural differentiation, the southern Dravida and the northern Nagara styles emerged as dominant modes of temple architecture, differing mainly in the shape of the roofing structure, the former being a stepped pyramid while the latter has a curved profile, epitomised in productions such as the magnificent Brihadeeswara Temple, Thanjavur, and the Sun Temple, Konark. Temple architecture in the Hindu tradition is connected to astronomy and sacred geometry. ... Indian postage stamp depicting (2004), with the implication that he used (IPA ) was an ancient Gandharan grammarian (approximately 5th century BC, but estimates range from the 7th to the 3rd centuries) who is most famous for formulating the 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology known as the . ... Patañjali, is the compiler of the Yoga Sutra, a major work containing aphorisms on the practical and philosophical wisdom regarding practice of Raja yoga. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Nagara is at a distance of 17 km from Hosanagara or 84 km from Shimoga. ... The Brihadisvara temple is an ancient Hindu temple located at Thanjavur in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. ... , Tanjore redirects here. ... Konark Egyptian Sun Temples of the 5th Dynasty ... This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ...

Buddhist elements and motifs continue to influence Hindu temple architecture to a considerable extent to this day. Along with the dominant Dravida and Nagara, arose a number of varied regional styles of temples in places like Bengal, Kashmir and Kerala. For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ... Kashmir (or Cashmere) may refer to: Kashmir region, the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent India, Kashmir conflict, the territorial dispute between India, Pakistan, and the China over the Kashmir region. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: à´•àµ‡à´°à´³à´‚; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ...

Some Hindu as well as Budhist temples during the early medieval era were rock-cut. The Kailasanatha temple at Ellora was excavated from top to bottom out of a massive rock face. This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... Kailasanatha Temple Ellora is an ancient village 30 km from the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra famous for its magnificent rock cut architecture comprising of Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina cave temples and monasteries built between the 6th and 10th century A.D. These structures were excavated...

The structural system of temples was essentially post and beam and with massive blocks of stone being the basic raw material for the local craftsman, construction could be carried out with minimal or no mortar. Decoration was fundamental to this type of architecture and is seen often in intricate details of the figured sculpture as well as in the architectural elements. The concept of fractals has been used to examine the form of the Hindu temple, both in terms of its planning and external appearance. Timber framing is the modern term for the traditional half-timbered construction in which timber provides a visible skeletal frame that supports the whole building. ... A fractal is a geometric object which can be divided into parts, each of which is similar to the original object. ...

The garbhagriha or the sanctum sanctorum forms the central focus housing the deity of the temple and is provided with a circulation passage around. There are also, however, many subsidiary shrines within temple complexes, particularly in the (Dravidian style) South Indian temples. As the Hindu temple is not intended for congregational worship, the garbhagriha is small in scale when compared to the whole temple complex. It is articulated externally, however, by the vimanam (or sikhara), the towering roof-structure. Mandapas (multiple pillared halls) are found preceding the garbhagriha . Download high resolution version (535x756, 107 KB) Source Nataraja-Shiva From fr: File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (535x756, 107 KB) Source Nataraja-Shiva From fr: File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Meenakshi temple A different view of the Meenakshi temple The Meenakshi temple is a Hindu temple in the Tamil Nadu city of Madurai. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... garbhagriha (or garbagriham) is a Sanskrit word meaning the interior of the sanctum sanctorum, the inner most sanctum of a Hindu temple where resides an image of the primary deity. ... The sanctum sanctorum is the area inside a Hindu temple complex where the main deity is installed. ... garbhagriha (or garbagriham) is a Sanskrit word meaning the interior of the sanctum sanctorum, the inner most sanctum of a Hindu temple where resides an image of the primary deity. ... Hampi tower Vimanam in South Indian architecture is a term used for the towered roof of a Hindu temples sanctum sanctorum or vimana. ... The Sikhara of the Raghunath Temple at Jammu, India is built in the Nagar style of temple architecture. ... [[LiItalic textLink title == Headline text == Media:Example. ... garbhagriha (or garbagriham) is a Sanskrit word meaning the interior of the sanctum sanctorum, the inner most sanctum of a Hindu temple where resides an image of the primary deity. ...

The spatial experience of a Dravidian (South Indian) temple complex is considered particularly enriching and meaningful. In many, such as the Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple at Srirangam, prakaras (concentric enclosures) along with the series of entrance gateways (gopurams), reduce in scale moving towards the garbha-griha, setting up a rhythm of solids and voids as well as providing a ritual and visual axis. The Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam, Tamil Nadu India is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Ranganatha, a reclining form of Lord Vishnu. ... Srirangam (Tamil: à®¸à¯à®°à¯€à®°à®™à¯à®•à®®à¯), also known as Thiruvarangam, is an island town in the district of Tiruchirapalli ( also known shortly as Trichy or Tiruchi) in South India. ... Gopuram of Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam Gopuram, a prominent feature of the Hindu temple architecture of South India, is the rising tower at the entrance of a temple. ... The garbha-griha is the inner or womb chamber of a Hindu temple where a statue or other manifestation of the god is kept. ...

The principles of temple architecture were codified in treatises and canons such as Manasara, Mayamatam, and Vaastu Shastra. These offered an ordering framework yet allowed some latitude for contextual articulation. Vaastu Shastra (Vaastu- physical environment and Shastra- knowledge/ text/ principles. ...

Aerial view of Angkor Wat The main entrance to the temple proper, seen from the eastern end of the Naga causeway Angkor Wat (or Angkor Vat) is a temple at Angkor, Cambodia, built for King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century as his state temple and capital city. ... This article is about the Java island. ... This article is about the Indonesian island. ... Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple compound in Indonesia, located in central Java, approximately 18 km east of Yogyakarta ( ). It was built around 850 CE by either Rakai Pikatan, king of the second Mataram dynasty or Balitung Maha Sambu, during the Sanjaya dynasty. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area - City 234. ...

Goan architecture

Most Goan houses standing today were built between the 18th century and the early part of the 20th century. ...

Buddhist and Jain architecture

Buddhism gained prominence as mentioned above especially during the reign of the Emperor Ashoka. It is primarily represented by three important building types- the Chaitya Hall (meditation hall), the Vihara (dormitory) and the Stupa. The latter was a hemispherical mound modelled on ancient funerary mounds, surrounded by a stone fence known as the vedika, and topped by a smaller enclosure, the harmika, containing the casket for the relics of the Buddha; it was intended to be a meditational focus. Numerous fine examples of stupas can be found at Sanchi and Sarnath. Allegiance: Magadhan Empire Rank: Emperor Succeeded by: Dasaratha Maurya Reign: 273 BC-232 BC Place of birth: Pataliputra, India Battles/Wars Kalinga War Emperor Ashoka the Great (Devanagari: à¤…à¤¶à¥‹à¤•(:); IAST transliteration: , pronunciation: ) (304 BCâ€“232 BC) (Imperial Title:Devanampiya Piyadassi ie He who is the beloved of the Gods who, in... The Great Stupa at Sanchi. ... , Sanchi is a small village in India, located 46 km north east of Bhopal, and 10 km from Besnagar and Vidisha in the central part of the state of Madhya Pradesh. ... Sarnath (also Mrigadava, MigadÄya, Rishipattana, Isipatana) is the deer park where Gautama Buddha first taught the Dharma, and where the Buddhist Sangha came into existence through the enlightenment of Kondanna. ...

This is also the time of the rock-cut monastic foundations, many in today's state of Maharashtra, and exemplified by the magnificent rock-cut cave complexes of Ajanta and Ellora; usually comprising one, or several, chaitya halls containing a stupa fronted by a hall divided into a broad nave separated from two side aisles by a row of columns. Galleries for musicians were also sometimes provided. Chaitya halls were flanked by many viharas. Many of the caves are intricately sculpted and brilliantly coloured, perhaps intended to aide in trance maditation. , Maharashtra (Marathi: à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤° , IPA: , translation: Great Nation) is Indias third largest state in area and second largest in population after Uttar Pradesh. ... Ajanta takes the name after the village AjinÅ£hÄ in Aurangabad district in the state of Maharashtra(N. lat. ... Jain cave in Ellora Ellora is an ancient village 30 km (18. ...

The Post-Mauryan period saw the development of two distinct styles of sculpture; the Mathura school, which was popularised under the succeeding Sunga Empire, and the Gandhara school which stemmed from the Indo-Greek Kingdom established in north-western South Asia (Kabul Valley and Pakistani Punjab) and incorporating influences of Greek art and architecture. The division of Buddhism into Hinayana and Mahayana phases also influenced the nature of rock-cut art, the former being represented by artefacts used by the Buddha, and the latter by images of the Buddha. Bhattiprolu is well known for its Buddha stupa. , Mathura (Hindi: à¤®à¤¥à¥à¤°à¤¾, Urdu: Ù…ØªÚ¾Ø±Ø§) is a holy city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. ... The Sunga Empire (or Shunga Empire) is a Magadha dynasty that controlled North-central and Eastern India from around 185 to 73 BCE. It was established after the fall of the Indian Mauryan empire. ... GandhÄra (Sanskrit: à¤—à¤¨à¥à¤§à¤¾à¤°, Persian; Gandara, Waihind) (Urdu: Ú¯Ù†Ø¯Ú¾Ø§Ø±Ø§) is the name of an ancient Indian Mahajanapada, currently in northern Pakistan (the North-West Frontier Province and parts of northern Punjab and Kashmir) and eastern Afghanistan. ... Hinayana (Sanskrit: inferior vehicle; Chinese:小乘, Xiǎoshèng; Japanese: Shōjō) is a term coined by the Mahayana, which appeared publicly around the 1st century CE. There are differing views on the use and meaning of the term, both among scholars and within Buddhism. ... Relief image of the bodhisattva Kuan Yin from Mt. ... Media:Example. ... Media:Example. ... Bhattiprolu is a small village in Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh State in Southern India. ... Media:Example. ... The Great Stupa at Sanchi. ...

The Jaina temples of the medieval period are particularly noted for their richness of sculptural detail and material, especially in the Solanki temple style of Gujarat, that can be seen in the Dilwara Temples in Mt.Abu and Ananthanatha Swami Temple at Puliyarmala, outside Kalpetta. Jaina Solo (b. ... For the English cricketer, See Vikram Solanki The Solanki or Chalukya is a Hindu Gurjar,Rajput dynasty of India, who ruled the kingdom of Gujarat from the 10th to the 13th centuries. ... This article is for the Indian state. ... The Jain Dilwara temples of India are located about 2Â½ kilometers from Mount Abu, Rajasthans only hill station. ... Mount Abu is the highest peak in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan state, in western India. ... Ananthanatha Swami Temple (also known as the Puliyarmala Jain Temple[1]) is a Jain temple located at Puliyarmala, 6 km from Kalpetta in the Wayanad district in the state of Kerala in India. ... Kalpetta is the headquaters of Wayanad district in the state of Kerala in India. ...

Indian Baroque architecture

The Church of St Anne which is cast in the Indian Baroque Architectural style under the expert direction of the most eminent architects of the time including Rev. Fr. Frias, is noted for its originality and is greatly influenced by the Church of Our Lady of Grace [1], generally known as the Convent of St. Augustine [2] in Old Goa of which there now remains only a lone, lofty and somber tower, rising above the rest of the structures and is the first to capture the gaze of the visitor. This Church of Our Lady of Grace is the most elegant and imposing building in Old Goa reminding to Portugese colonial heyday, of which, in the opinion of some foreign travellers, any European city of the time, could justly be proud of. Church of St. Anne, Talaulim Founded in the 15th century, the city of Goa in south-western India was under Portuguese rule from 1510 until its incorporation in the Republic of India in 1961. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ...

Rajput architecture

Rajput architecture was inspired partly by the existing Indic styles of architecture, and partly by interaction with the Persian and other Islamic world, with a greater emphasis on arches, domes, and other Saracenic features. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Lake Palace in Udaipur Udaipur (à¤‰à¤¦à¤¯à¤ªà¥à¤°) is a city in Rajasthan, India. ... For other uses of this term see: Persia (disambiguation) The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... In older Western historical literature, the Saracens were the people of the Saracen Empire, another name for the Arab Caliphate under the rule of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. ...

Palaces and forts in Rajasthan are a good example of Rajput architecture. Various Rajput dominated historic cities such as Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Jaipur have intricate examples of Rajput architecture. , RÄjasthÄn (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤°à¤¾à¤œà¤¸à¥à¤¥à¤¾à¤¨, IPA: ) is the largest state of the Republic of India in terms of area. ... Rajput is a Hindu Kshatriya caste which decendend from India . ... , Jaisalmer (The Golden City) is a town in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... , Jodhpur (à¤œà¥‹à¤§à¤ªà¥à¤°), is the second largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... , Jaipur (Hindi: à¤œà¤¯à¤ªà¥à¤°, Rajasthan Capital), also popularly known as the Pink City, historically sometimes rendered as Jeypore, is the capital of Rajasthan state, India. ...

South Indian architecture

Vijayanagara architecture

The Vijayanagara Architecture of the period (1336 - 1565CE) was a notable building idiom evolved by the imperial Vijayanagar Empire that ruled the whole of South India from their regal capital at Vijayanagara on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in Karnataka, India. The empire built a number of temples, monuments, palaces and other structures over South India, with the largest concentration located in its capital. The monuments in and around Hampi, in the Vijayanagara principality, are listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Vijayanagar Raya Gopura Belur, Karnataka The Vijayanagara Architecture of the period (1336 - 1565CE) was a unique building idiom evolved by the imperial Vijayanagar Empire that ruled the whole of South India from their regal capital at Vijayanagara on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in Karnataka, India. ... Events End of the Kemmu restoration and beginning of the Muromachi period in Japan. ... // Events March 1 - the city of Rio de Janeiro is founded. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... The geographical south of India includes all Indian territory below the 20th parallel. ... Vijayanagara (Kannada: à²µà²¿à²œà²¯à²¨à²—à²°, English: ) is in Bellary District, northern Karnataka. ... The Tungabhadra is a river of southern India. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ... Hampi (Kannada: à²¹à²‚à²ªà³†, Hampe in Kannada) is a village in northern Karnataka, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in India. ... Vijayanagara (Kannada: à²µà²¿à²œà²¯à²¨à²—à²°, English: ) is in Bellary District, northern Karnataka. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State...

Kalyani Chalukya Architecture

The Western Chalukyas, also known as Kalyani Chalukyas or Later Chalukya developed a distinctive building style called the Western Chalukya Architecture in the Tungabhadra region of central Karnataka, India, between the 11th and the 12th centuries. The finest examples of which are the Mahadeva Temple at Itagi in Koppal district, the Kasivisvesvara Temple at Lakkundi in Gadag district, the Mallikarjuna Temple at Kuruvatti and the Kalleshwara Temple at Bagali, both in Davangere district.^[1] Dodda Basappa Temple at Dambal, a unique 24 pointed, uninterrupted stellate (star shaped), 7 tiered dravida plan, 12th c. ... The Tungabhadra is a river of southern India. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ... Koppal is an administrative district in the state of Karnataka in India. ... Lakkundi in Gadag District of Karnataka is a place of antiquarian interest with as many as 50 temples & 29 inscriptions, spread over the period of the later Chalukyas, Kalachuris, Seunas & the Hoysalas. ... Gadag District has a population of 971,955 (2001 Census of India), which increased 13. ... Davanagere District, also known as Davangere District, is an administrative District of Karnataka state in southern India. ...

Hoysala architecture

Hoysala architecture is the distinctive building style developed under the rule of the Hoysala Empire in the region historically known as Karnata, today's Karnataka, India, between the 11th and the 14th centuries. Hoysala influence was at its peak in the 13th century, when it dominated the Southern Deccan Plateau region. Large and small temples built during this era remain as examples of the Hoysala architectural style, including the Chennakesava Temple at Belur, the Hoysaleswara Temple at Halebidu, and the Kesava Temple at Somanathapura. Other examples of fine Hoysala craftmanship are the temples at Belavadi, Amrithapura, and Nuggehalli. Study of the Hoysala architectural style has revealed a negligible Indo-Aryan influence while the impact of Southern Indian style is more distinct.^[2] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1944 Ã— 2592 pixels, file size: 595 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photographed by self (Dineshkannambadi) at Kesava Temple at Somanathapura, Karnataka, India in June, 2006 I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1944 Ã— 2592 pixels, file size: 595 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photographed by self (Dineshkannambadi) at Kesava Temple at Somanathapura, Karnataka, India in June, 2006 I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to... The entrance of the temple, illustrating the various relief bands Somanathapura (also known as Somnathpur) is a town located in Mysore district, Karnataka, India. ... Categories: Buildings and structures stubs ... The Hoysala Empire ruled part of southern India from 1000 to 1346. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ... Chennakesava Temple The Chennakesava Temple sits on the banks of the Yagachi River in Belur, 220 km from Bangalore, in Karnataka, India. ... Belur (Kannada:à²¬à³‡à²²à³‚à²°à³) was the early capital of the Hoysala Empire. ... Siva and Parvathi - Hoysaleswara temple Hoysaleswara temple is in Halebidu 16 kms from Belur, 31 kms from Hassan and 149 kms from Mysore in the state of Karnataka in India. ... Halebidu (Kannada à²¹à²³à³†à²¬à³€à²¡à³) is located in Hassan District, Karnataka, India. ... Entrance Porch, trikuta vimana This article is about Chennakesava Temple at Somanathapura. ... The entrance of the temple, illustrating the various relief bands Somanathapura (also known as Somnathpur) is a town located in Mysore district, Karnataka, India. ... Mantapa, Viranarayana temple, Chikmagalur district Vimana, Viranarayana temple, Chikmagalur district Belavadi, also known as Ekachakranagara is a town in Chikmagalur district of Karnataka state. ... Amrithapura is situated 67 kilometers north of Chikamaglur, Karnataka state, India. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

A feature of Hoysala temple architecture is its attention to exquisite detail and skilled craftmanship. The temples of Belur and Halebidu are a proposed UNESCO world heritage sites.^[3] UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

Badami Chalukya architecture

The Badami Chalukya Architecture was a temple building idiom that evolved in the time period of 5th - 8th centuries CE. in the area of Malaprabha basin, in present day Bagalkot district of Karnataka state. This style is sometimes called the Vesara style and Chalukya style. Their earliest temples date back to around 450 in Aihole when the Badami Chalukyas were feudatories of the Kadambas of Banavasi. According to historian K.V. Sounder Rajan, the Badami Chalukya contribution to temple building matched their valor and their achievements in battle. Sangameshvara temple 725 CE Pattadakal Galaganatha temple, 680 CE Pattadakal The Badami Chalukya Architecture was a temple building idiom that evolved in the time period of 5th - 8th centuries CE. in the area of Malaprabha basin, in present day Bagalkot district of Karnataka state. ... Malaprabha is a river flowing through the Indian state of Karnataka. ... BÄgalkot (à²¬à²¾à²—à²²à²•à³‹à²Ÿà³† in Kannada) pronounced //, sometimes spelled as BÄgalkote is an administrative district in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ... Vesara is a type of Indian architecture primarily used in temples. ... Events August 25 - Marcian proclaimed Eastern Roman Emperor by Aspar and Pulcheria. ... Kadambas was an ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, who ruled from their capital of Banavasi from (345-525AD) later branched into Goa, Hanagal and Chandavar. ... Banavasi à²¬à²¨à²µà²¾à²¸à²¿ is an ancient temple town on the border of Uttara Kannada District and Shimoga district in the south Indian state of Karnataka. ... The Chalukya dynasty (Kannada: à²šà²¾à²²à³à²•à³à²¯à²°à³) was a powerful Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th century C.E. They began to assert their independence at the decline of the Satavahana empire and rapidly rose to prominence during the reign of...

The rock-cut temples of Pattadakal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Badami and Aihole are their most celebrated monuments. Two of the famous paintings at Ajanta cave no. 1, "The Temptation of the Buddha" and "The Persian Embassy" are attributed to them.^[4]^[5] This is the beginning of Chalukya style of architecture and a consolidation of South Indian style. Pattadakal (Kannada- à²ªà²Ÿà³à²Ÿà²¦à²•à²²à³) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka famous for its group of monuments that are the culmination of earliest experiments in vesara style of Hindu temple architecture. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Badami Cave Temple No 3. ... Aihole (Kannada à²à²¹à³Šà²³à³†)is in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. ... Ajanta takes the name after the village AjinÅ£hÄ in Aurangabad district in the state of Maharashtra(N. lat. ...

Pallava and Chola architecture

Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1944 Ã— 2592 pixel, file size: 595 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Thanjavur Brihadeeswara Temple. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1944 Ã— 2592 pixel, file size: 595 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Thanjavur Brihadeeswara Temple. ... , Tanjore redirects here. ... The Pallavas were hereditary Hindu rulers who dominated southeastern India between the 4th and 9th centuries. ... The population of the Earth rises to about 208 million people. ... Gyeonhwon formally establishes the kingdom of Hubaekje in southwestern Korea. ... Shore Temple, rescued from the sea Mahabalipuram (Tamil:à®®à®•à®¾à®ªà®²à®¿à®ªà¯à®°à®®à¯) (also known as Mamallapuram) is a town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... , Kanchipuram, Kanchi, or Kancheepuram (also sometimes Conjeevaram) is a city and a municipality in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... The Chola Dynasty (Tamil: , IPA: ) was a Tamil dynasty that ruled primarily in southern India until the 13th century. ... Gyeonhwon formally establishes the kingdom of Hubaekje in southwestern Korea. ... Events Åhus, Sweden gains city privileges City of Airdrie, Scotland founded King Sverker I of Sweden is deposed and succeeded by Eric IX of Sweden. ... Detail of a statue of Rajaraja at Brihadisvara Temple Rajaraja Chola I was the king of the Chola dynasty, who ruled between 985 and 1014 CE. Rajaraja, the greatest of all the Chola rulers of the Vijayalaya dynasty, laid the foundation for the growth of the Chola kingdom into an... Rajendra Chola I was the son of Rajaraja Chola I, the great Chola king of South India. ... The Brihadisvara temple (also spelled Brihadeshvara Temple) is an ancient Hindu temple located at Thanjavur in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. ... This article is about the Hindu God. ... , Tanjore redirects here. ...

Rashtrakuta architecture

The Rashtrakutas were a dynasty which ruled the Deccan during the 8th-10th centuries. ... The Deccan Plateau is a vast plateau in India, encompassing most of Central and Southern India. ... Modern Malkheda in Karnataka, once tha capital of Rashtrakutas ... Gulbarga District Gulbarga District is situated between 76Â°.04 and 77Â°.42 east longitude, and 16Â°.12 and 17Â°.46 north latitude, covering an area of 16,224 square kilometres. ... Look up AD, ad-, and ad in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Events Synod of Constantinople called by Emperor Constantine V. Samarkand conquered by Arabs. ... Events Edgar of England is crowned king by Saint Dunstan Births September 15 - Al_Biruni, mathematician († 1048) Abu al-Ala al-Maarri, poet Deaths May 7 - Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Categories: 973 ... Kailasanatha Temple Ellora is an ancient village 30 km from the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra famous for its magnificent rock cut architecture comprising of Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina cave temples and monasteries built between the 6th and 10th century A.D. These structures were excavated... Pattadakal (Kannada- à²ªà²Ÿà³à²Ÿà²¦à²•à²²à³) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka famous for its group of monuments that are the culmination of earliest experiments in vesara style of Hindu temple architecture. ...

Influence of Islam and Mughal architecture

With the advent of Muslim invaders, Indian architecture was adapted to accommodate the traditions of the new religion, but it remained strongly Indian at its heart and character. Arches and domes began to be used, and the mosque began to form part of the landscape, adding to a new experience in form and space. The sahn (open courtyard) for congregational worship with the enclosing diwans (cloisters) and the sanctuary at the Western end offered a different architectural vocabulary. The fundamental difference being the Islamic prohibition on idolatryand opposition to use of images of human and other living creatures in religious art and architecture. Thus a concentrated point of focus such as the garba-griha was unnecessary. However, the mihrab on the Western wall of the sanctuary articulating the Qibla (direction towards Mecca) offered a notional focus. With idolatry prohibited, adornment was largely surface decoration through the use of geometry, arabesque and calligraphy. Later, mosques began to be built with an 'original style' that evolved in the country. The Jami mosque in Delhi is a representative example of an Indian mosque. However, throughout the country, Islamic architecture was also influenced by distinct regional styles and drew inspirations from the local contexts. Mughal architecture is the distinctive style of Islamic, Persian and Indian architecture, developed by the Mughal Empire in India in the 16th century. ... Image File history File links Jamamasjid. ... Image File history File links Jamamasjid. ... The Masjid-i-Jahan Numa The Masjid-i-Jahan Numa Ù…Ø³Ø¬Ø¯ Ø¬Ú¾Ø§Ù† Ù†Ù…Û, commonly known as Jama Masjid of Delhi is the principal mosque of Old Delhi in India. ... Delhi (दिल्ली or Dillī in Hindi and Bengali and دیلی in Urdu) is a term that refers to either the State of Delhi or the National Capital Territory (NCT) of the Republic of India. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... For ARCH models, see autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity. ... St Peters Basilica, Rome A dome is a common structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Cloister of Saint Trophimus, in Arles, France A Cloister is part of cathedrals and abbeys architecture. ... The Adoration of the Golden Calf by Nicolas Poussin Idolatry is a major sin in the Abrahamic religions regarding image. ... Facing the Qibla at a prayer in Damascus The geometrical calculation of Qibla Qibla () is an Arabic word for the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays. ... This article is about the city in Saudi Arabia. ... For other uses, see Geometry (disambiguation). ... Arabesque pattern at the Alhambra An element of Islamic art usually found decorating the walls of mosques, the arabesque is an elaborate application of repeating geometric forms that often echo the forms of plants and animals. ... Contemporary Western Calligraphy. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... The interior of the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne. ...

Most of the Islamic buildings in India were built during the Mughal period, the architecture of which reflects traditional Hindu architecture but also incorporates Persian influences. Over time, 'Hindu' and 'Islamic' architectures produced a synthesis that is exemplified by the city of Fatehpur Sikri, and the Taj, renowned for its proportions, white marble, its intricate engravings, its minarets and its setting. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2040x1681, 2396 KB) Description: Taj Mahal Source: Dhirad, picture edited by J. A. Knudsen Uploaded to en: on March 1, 2005, 14:30, by Deep750 who added the following comment On April 9, 2005, 19:22 Nichalp added that heemailed Deep750... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2040x1681, 2396 KB) Description: Taj Mahal Source: Dhirad, picture edited by J. A. Knudsen Uploaded to en: on March 1, 2005, 14:30, by Deep750 who added the following comment On April 9, 2005, 19:22 Nichalp added that heemailed Deep750... Taj Mahal Location of the Taj Mahal within India The Taj Mahal (Devanagari: à¤¤à¤¾à¤œ à¤®à¤¹à¤², Nastaliq: ØªØ§Ø¬ Ù…ØÙ„) is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. ... For other uses, see Agra (disambiguation). ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... View across Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri (Hindi: ) was the political capital of Indias Mughal Empire under Akbars reign, from 1571 until 1585, when it was abandoned, ostensibly due to lack of water. ... Taj Mahal Location of the Taj Mahal within India The Taj Mahal (Devanagari: à¤¤à¤¾à¤œ à¤®à¤¹à¤², Nastaliq: ØªØ§Ø¬ Ù…ØÙ„) is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. ...

The most popular Islamic building type in India is the mausoleum (tomb) which evolved from the basic cube and hemisphere vocabulary of architectural early phases, into a more elaborate form during the Mughal period where multiple chambers were used, and tombs were set in gardens known as the char-bagh. The tomb chamber houses the cenotaph below which is the grave. Well known examples are the Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur and the Taj Mahal, Agra. St. ... The Cenotaph, London A ceremony at the Cenotaph, London, on Sunday 12th June 2005, remembering Irish war dead Memorial Cenotaph, Hiroshima, Japan A cenotaph is a tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere. ... Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627-57). ... Bijapur (Kannada: à²µà²¿à²œà²¾à²ªà³à²°) is a district headquarters of the Bijapur District in the state of Karnataka. ... Taj Mahal Location of the Taj Mahal within India The Taj Mahal (Devanagari: à¤¤à¤¾à¤œ à¤®à¤¹à¤², Nastaliq: ØªØ§Ø¬ Ù…ØÙ„) is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. ... For other uses, see Agra (disambiguation). ...

Secular architecture

Colonialist study of Indian architecture was largely focused on religious buildings, hence there is much scholarship in this area. In recent times, secular architecture of India is gaining more attention. Unique in their response to socio-cultural and geographic context are, for example, the cities of the desert region in the North such as Jaisalmer and Jodhpur, political centres such as Vijayanagara (at Hampi), Fatehpur Sikri and Shahjahanabad at Delhi, towns such as Srirangam in Tamil Nadu evolving around the temple as nucleus, the stepped wells of Gujarat, the wadas of Maharashtra, the pols of Ahmedabad, the havelis of northern towns, and the steep pitched roofs and timber structures of the warm, humid area of Kerala. , Jaisalmer (The Golden City) is a town in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... , Jodhpur (à¤œà¥‹à¤§à¤ªà¥à¤°), is the second largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan. ... Vijayanagara (Kannada: à²µà²¿à²œà²¯à²¨à²—à²°, English: ) is in Bellary District, northern Karnataka. ... Hampi (Kannada: à²¹à²‚à²ªà³†, Hampe in Kannada) is a village in northern Karnataka, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in India. ... View across Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri (Hindi: ) was the political capital of Indias Mughal Empire under Akbars reign, from 1571 until 1585, when it was abandoned, ostensibly due to lack of water. ... Shahjahanabad was a city on the present site of Delhi, India, established by Shah Jahan from 1638 to 1649, containing the Lal Qila and the Chandni Chowk. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... Srirangam (Tamil: à®¸à¯à®°à¯€à®°à®™à¯à®•à®®à¯), also known as Thiruvarangam, is an island town in the district of Tiruchirapalli ( also known shortly as Trichy or Tiruchi) in South India. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... This article is for the Indian state. ... , Maharashtra (Marathi: à¤®à¤¹à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤·à¥à¤Ÿà¥à¤° , IPA: , translation: Great Nation) is Indias third largest state in area and second largest in population after Uttar Pradesh. ... , Ahmedabad (Gujarati: , Hindi: à¤…à¤¹à¤®à¤¦à¤¾à¤¬à¤¾à¤¦ ) is the largest city in the state of Gujarat and the seventh-largest urban agglomeration in India, with a population of almost 51 lakhs (5. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: à´•àµ‡à´°à´³à´‚; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ...

Architecture under colonial rule

Though the Europeans, Dutch, Portuguese and the French made substantial colonial forays into India, it was the British who had a lasting impact. The architecture of the colonial period varied from early attempts at creating authority through classical prototypes to the later approach of producing a supposedly more responsive image through what is now termed Indo-Saracenic architecture-a mixture of Hindu, Islamic and Western elements. Perhaps the most famous example is the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST) in Mumbai, originally named in honour of British Queen Victoria. The creation of New Delhi in early 20th century with its broad tree lined roads and majestic buildings generated lots of debate on what should be an appropriate architecture for India. Institutional, civic and utilitarian buildings such as post offices, railway stations, etc., were also built in large numbers over the whole of British India; these are mainly functional in style and can be classed at best as period-architectural. Government Museum in Chennai. ... Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (better referred to by its acronym CST) - is a historic railway station on Mumbai suburban railway. ... , â€œBombayâ€ redirects here. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ... , This article is about the urban region that is the capital of India. ... Anthem God Save The Queen/King British India, circa 1860 Capital Calcutta (1858-1912), New Delhi (1912-1947) Language(s) Hindi, Urdu, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India - 1877-1901 Victoria - 1901-1910 Edward VII - 1910-1936 George V - January-December 1936 Edward VIII - 1936-1947 George...

Post-independence architecture of India

With the introduction of Modern Architecture into India and later with the achievement of Independence, the quest was more towards progress as a paradigm fuelled by Nehruvian visions towards which the planning of Chandigarh by Le Corbusier was considered. Later as new directions were sought in the West, in India there was a search for a more meaningful architecture rooted in the Indian context. Known as Critical Regionalism the direction is exemplified in the works of architects such as B.V. Doshi and Charles Correa. Modern architecture, not to be confused with contemporary architecture, is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics, primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament. ... Jawaharlal Nehru (जवाहरलाल नेहरू) (November 14, 1889 - May 27, 1964), also called Pandit (Teacher) Nehru, was the leader of the (moderately) socialist wing of the Indian National Congress during and after Indias struggle for independence from the British... , Chandigarh (Punjabi: , Hindi: , pronunciation: ) also called The City Beautiful , is a city in India that serves as the capital of two states: Punjab and Haryana. ... Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, who chose to be known as Le Corbusier (October 6, 1887 â€“ August 27, 1965), was a Swiss-born architect and writer, who is famous for his contributions to what now is called Modern Architecture. ... The Sydney Opera House - designed to evoke the sails of yatchs in Sydney harbour Critical regionalism is an approach to architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of meaning in Modern Architecture by using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning. ... Charles Correa (born in Hyderabad, India on September 1, 1930) is an Indian architect, planner, activist, theoretician and a fundamental figure in the world-wide panorama of contemporary architecture. ...

Punjabi Baroque

Is a name coined to refer to the salad bowl architecture of the which is ' kitch ' in post independence India.It may be diffrentely inspired by the Roman , Post Rennaisance European architecture , Hindu , Mughal or any other that may suit the architects or shall we say the clients fancy.The essential eleemtn that lends it the humour or a feeling of shock is the basis lack of theritical understanding of any of the above. A book written on the subject provides an intresting read.

Monuments in India classified under World Heritage Sites

The following monuments have been classified as UNESCO World Heritage Sites: 1. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... This article cites its sources but does not provide page references. ... The Great Living Chola Temples are temples built during the Chola rule in the south of India. ... , Sanchi is a small village in India, located 46 km north east of Bhopal, and 10 km from Besnagar and Vidisha in the central part of the state of Madhya Pradesh. ... Founded in the 15th century, the city of Goa in south-western India was under Portuguese rule from 1510 until its incorporation in the Republic of India in 1961. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Jain cave in Ellora Ellora is an ancient village 30 km (18. ... View across Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri (Hindi: ) was the political capital of Indias Mughal Empire under Akbars reign, from 1571 until 1585, when it was abandoned, ostensibly due to lack of water. ... Hampi (Kannada: à²¹à²‚à²ªà³†, Hampe in Kannada) is a village in northern Karnataka, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in India. ... Shore Temple, rescued from the sea Mahabalipuram (Tamil:à®®à®•à®¾à®ªà®²à®¿à®ªà¯à®°à®®à¯) (also known as Mamallapuram) is a town in Kancheepuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ... Pattadakal (Kannada- à²ªà²Ÿà³à²Ÿà²¦à²•à²²à³) is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka famous for its group of monuments that are the culmination of earliest experiments in vesara style of Hindu temple architecture. ... Humayuns tomb is a complex of buildings of Mughal architecture located in Nizamuddin east, New Delhi. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... , Khajuraho (Hindi à¤–à¤œà¥à¤°à¤¾à¤¹à¥‹) is a village in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, located in Chhatarpur District, about 385 miles (620 kilometres) southeast of Delhi, the capital city of India. ... The Mahabodhi Temple is a Buddhist temple in Bodh Gaya, the location where Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, attained enlightenment. ... , Bodh Gaya or Bodhgaya(24Â° 41 60N, 84Â° 58 60E) is a city in Gaya district in the Indian state of Bihar. ... At 72. ... For other uses, see Delhi (disambiguation). ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Konark temple, widely known not only for its architectural grandeur but also for the intricacy and profusion of its sculptural work, is situated on the west coast of Orissa, India. ... Taj Mahal Location of the Taj Mahal within India The Taj Mahal (Devanagari: à¤¤à¤¾à¤œ à¤®à¤¹à¤², Nastaliq: ØªØ§Ø¬ Ù…ØÙ„) is a mausoleum located in Agra, India. ... Bhimbetka rock painting Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka is an archaeological site in Madhya Pradesh where the earliest traces of human life in India were found. ... Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (better referred to by its acronym CST) - is a historic railway station on Mumbai suburban railway. ... CST Railway Station Chatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) (better referred to by its acronym CST) - is a historic railway station on Mumbai suburban railway. ... Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site which is located in India. ...

Characteristic elements of Indian architecture

Several jharokhas can be seen jutting out from the facade of this typical haveli at Jaisalmer, Rajasthan A jharokha (or jharoka) is a type of overhanging balcony used in Indian architecture, typically Mughal architecture and Rajasthani architecture. ... The Cenotaph, London Overview A cenotaph is a tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere. ... The tomb of Salim Chishti in Fatehpur Sikri (India) exhibiting a deep chhajja following the perimeter of the building supported with elaborate brackets Chhajja is the term for projecting eaves or cover usually supported on large carved brackets, as used in Indian architecture (especially Mughal). ... One of the famous intricate jaalis from the Sidi Saiyyed mosque in Ahmedabad, India A jaali is the term for a perforated stone screen, usually with an ornamental pattern, as used in Indian architecture. ...

Gallery

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x853, 310 KB) Description: Ellora caves. ... Image File history File links Rathas-Mahabalipuram. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 605 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 Ã— 1015 pixel, file size: 537 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The Taj Mahal Author: Amal Mongia. ... Download high resolution version (801x521, 103 KB) Source Nataraja-Shiva From fr: File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2304x1728, 1792 KB) Taken myself while sightseeing in Delhi File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2592x1944, 2360 KB) Photographed by self (Dineshkannambadi) in June 2006 I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2048x1536, 624 KB) Summary Timeless residence of Lord Somnath from beach Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Temple4. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2471x1558, 1432 KB) Description: Neasden Temple. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Ranakpur-temple. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Palitana. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (5361x3677, 3456 KB) Summary Benares (Varanasi, India). ... Image File history File links Ranakpur2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (768x1024, 148 KB) Summary Author: Karthik Raman Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ...

Contents

Indus Valley civilization

Vedic Literature - Textual References

Rise of Buddhist and Jain architectures

Hindu architecture

Goan architecture

Buddhist and Jain architecture

Indian Baroque architecture

Rajput architecture

South Indian architecture

Vijayanagara architecture

Kalyani Chalukya Architecture

Hoysala architecture

Badami Chalukya architecture

Pallava and Chola architecture

Rashtrakuta architecture

Influence of Islam and Mughal architecture

Secular architecture

Architecture under colonial rule

Post-independence architecture of India

Punjabi Baroque

Monuments in India classified under World Heritage Sites

Characteristic elements of Indian architecture

Gallery

See also

Notes

References

External links

Contents

Indus Valley civilization var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

Vedic Literature - Textual References

Rise of Buddhist and Jain architectures

Hindu architecture

Goan architecture

Buddhist and Jain architecture

Indian Baroque architecture

Rajput architecture

South Indian architecture

Vijayanagara architecture

Kalyani Chalukya Architecture

Hoysala architecture

Badami Chalukya architecture

Pallava and Chola architecture

Rashtrakuta architecture

Influence of Islam and Mughal architecture

Secular architecture

Architecture under colonial rule

Post-independence architecture of India

Punjabi Baroque

Monuments in India classified under World Heritage Sites

Characteristic elements of Indian architecture

Gallery

See also

Notes

References

External links

Indus Valley civilization