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A miniature, Kishengarh, Jaipur, Rajasthan

Indian cave art at Bhimbetka

The vast scope of the art of India intertwines with the cultural history, religions and philosophies which place art production and patronage in social and cultural contexts. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 175 KB) This work is copyrighted and unlicensed. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x768, 175 KB) This work is copyrighted and unlicensed. ... , Jaipur   (Hindi: जयपुर), also popularly known as the pink city, is the capital of Rajasthan state, India. ... , Rājasthān (DevanāgarÄ«: राजस्थान, IPA: )   is the largest state of the Republic of India in terms of area. ... Image File history File links Bhimbetka. ... Image File history File links Bhimbetka. ... Bhimbetka is a place in Madhya Pradesh where the earliest known traces of human life in India were found. ...

Indian art can be classified into specific periods each reflecting particular religious, political and cultural developments.

• the ancient period (3500 BCE-present)
• Islamic ascendancy (712-1757 CE)
• The Colonial period (1757-1947)
• Independence and CARISSAISM the postcolonial period (Post-1947)
• Modernism
• Postmodernism

Each period is unique in its art, literature and architecture. Indian art is constantly challenged as it rises to the peak of achieving the ideals of one philosophy in a visual form, then begins anew for another. This challenge and revolution in thought ovides, Indian artists with reasons for innovation and creation, and the process of visualizing abstract ideas and the culture of the land. BCE is a TLA that may stand for: Before the Common Era, date notation equivalent to BC (e. ... BCE redirects here. ... Postcolonialism (postcolonial theory, post-colonial theory) is a set of theories in philosophy, film, political sciences and literature that deal with the cultural legacy of colonial rule. ...

Each religion and philosophical system provided its own nuances, vast metaphors and similes, rich associations, wild imaginations, humanization of gods and celestial beings, characterization of people, the single purpose and ideal of life to be interpreted in art.

Rock-cut art

Main article: Indian rock-cut architecture

The Sun Temple in Konark

The earliest Indian religion to inspire major artistic monuments was Buddhism. Though there may have been earlier structures in wood that have been transformed into stone structures, there are no physical evidences for these except textual references. Obscurity shrouds the period between the decline of the Harappans and the definite historic period starting with the Mauryas. Soon after the Buddhists initiated the rock-cut caves, Hindus and Jains started to imitate them at Badami, Aihole, Ellora, Salsette, Elephanta, Aurangabad and Mamallapuram. An early group of caves at Kanheri Caves Primitive beds in early viharas at Kanheri Caves Rock cut stair leading to Kanheri Indian rock-cut architecture is more various and found in greater abundance than any other forms of rock-cut architecture around the world. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 432 KB)Stone Work at Konark, taken by Jyotirmaya. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 432 KB)Stone Work at Konark, taken by Jyotirmaya. ... This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ... Buddhism, a Dharmic faith, is usually considered one of the worlds major religions, with between 230 to 500 million followers. ... The Indus Valley Civilization existed along the Indus River and the Vedic Sarasvati River in present-day Pakistan. ... Chandragupta Maurya (ruled 322–298 BC), known to the Greeks as Sandracottus, was the first emperor of the Mauryan empire. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... JAIN is an activity within the Java Community Process, developing APIs for the creation of telephony (voice and data) services. ... Badami Cave Temple No 3. ... Aihole (Kannada ಐಹೊಳೆ)is in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, India. ... Kailasanatha Temple Ellora is an ancient village 30 km from the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra famous for its magnificent rock cut architecture comprising of Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina cave temples and monasteries built between the 6th and 10th century A.D. These structures were excavated... The island as seen from the sky Salsette is an island in Maharashtra state on Indias west coast. ... Picture of a cave Elephanta Caves are located one and one-half hours (by boat) out of Mumbai on Elephanta Island in the Bombay Harbour. ... , For other uses, see Aurangabad. ... Shore Temple, rescued from the sea Mahabalipuram (after the demon king Mahabali) or Mamallapuram (after the Pallava king Mamalla) is a 7th century port city of the South Indian dynasty of the Pallavas around 60 km south from the city of Chennai in Tamil Nadu. ...

Indian rock art has continuously evolved, since the first rock cut caves, to suit different purposes, social and religious contexts, and regional differences.

Indian fresco

Chola Fresco of Dancing girls. Brihadisvara Temple c. 1100 C.E.

The Chola fresco paintings were discovered in 1931 within the circumambulatory passage of the Brihadisvara Temple in India and are the first Chola specimens discovered. Image File history File links Chola_fresco. ... Image File history File links Chola_fresco. ... August 5 - Henry I becomes King of England. ... The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ... The Brihadisvara temple (also spelled Brahadeeswarar temple) is an ancient Hindu temple located at Thanjavur in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. ...

Researchers have discovered the technique used in these frescos. A smooth batter of limestone mixture is applied over the stones, which took two to three days to set. Within that short span, such large paintings were painted with natural organic pigments.

During the Nayak period the chola paintings were painted over. The Chola frescos lying underneath have an ardent spirit of saivism is expressed in them. They probably synchronised with the completion of the temple by Rajaraja Cholan the Great. Thanjavur Nayaks were the rulers of Thanjavur principality of Tamil Nadu between the 16th to the 19th century C.E. Nayakas were subordinates of the imperial Vijayanagara emperors, and were appointed as provincial governors by the Vijaya Nagar Emperor. ... Shaivism, also Saivism, is a branch of Hinduism that worships Siva as the Supreme God. ...

Kerala has well preserved fresco or mural or wall painting in temple walls in Pundarikapuram, Ettumanoor, Aymanam and Trivandrum.-1... For other uses, see Fresco (disambiguation). ... Salle des illustres, ceiling painting, by Jean André Rixens. ... Salle des illustres, ceiling painting, by Jean André Rixens. ... Use Ettumanoor (sometimes referred as Ettumanur) is a major town in Kottayam District of Kerala state, south India, strategically located 11 Kilometers off from Kottayam town, 65 KM off from Cochin and 73 KM off from Cochin International Airport. ... Aymanam is a village in Kottayam District, Kerala, India made famous by Arundhati Roys novel The God of Small Things. Ay in Dravidic language means Five and Vanam in Sanskrit means Forests. ... Indian Coffee House Thiruvananthapuram or Thiruvanathapuram (formerly known as Trivandrum) is the capital (population - 889,191 (2001)) of the state of Kerala, India. ...

Folk and tribal art

Folk and tribal art in India takes on different manifestations through varied medium such as pottery, painting, metalwork, paper-art, weaving and designing of artefacts such as jewellery and toys.

Parallel to the classical mainstream art forms, there have been evolving and transforming, folk and tribal art traditions. that are the visual expressions of people belonging to different cultural and social groups. It is the expression of people whose life is tuned to the rhythms of nature and its laws of cyclic change and whose life is entwined with the energies of the earth.

Folk and Tribal art represent the kernel of energy of the respective communities as a whole. It is a living, changing art form which changes with time, necessity, memories and experiences of peoples.

Often puranic gods and legends are transformed into contemporary forms and familiar images. Fairs, festivals, and local deities play a vital role in these arts. ...

It is an art where life and creativity are inseparable. The tribal arts have a unique sensitivity, as the tribal people possess an intense awareness very different from the settled and urbanized people. Their minds are supple and intense with myth, legends, snippets from epic, multitudinous gods born out of dream and fantasy. Their art is an expression of their life and holds their passion and mystery.

Folk art also includes the visual expressions of the wandering nomads. This is the art of people who are exposed to changing landscapes as they travel over the valleys and highlands of India. They carry with them the experiences and memories of different spaces and their art consists of the transient and dynamic pattern of life. The rural, tribal and arts of the nomads constitute the matrix of folk expression. Sign in a rural area in Dalarna, Sweden Qichun, a rural town in Hubei province, China Rural areas (also referred to as the country, countryside) are settled places outside towns and cities. ... Tribal refers to a culture or society based on tribes or clans. ... For the 2006 historical epic set in Kazakhstan, see Nomad (2006 film). ...

The folk spirit has a tremendous role to play in the development of art and in the overall consciousness of indigenous cultures. The Taj Mahal, the Ajanta and Ellora caves have become world famous. The Taj Mahal is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. For other uses, see Taj Mahal (disambiguation). ... This article cites its sources but does not provide page references. ... Jain cave in Ellora Ellora is an ancient village 30 km (18. ... Location of the New Seven Wonders winners. ...

• Gajavidala
• Warli tribe

A popular representation Gajavidala is a motif in the architecture of India that depicts a lion overpowering an elephant. ... Based in the Thane District, about 150 km north of Mumbai, the Warli tribe numbers over 300,000 members. ...

Visual art

Main article: Indian painting

British colonial rule had a great impact on Indian art. The old patrons of art became less wealthy and influential, and Western art more ubiquitous. Rabindranath Tagore, referred as the father of Modern Indian art had introduced Asian styles and Avant garde western styles into Indian Art. Many other artists like Jamini Roy and later S.H. Raza had taken inspiration from folk traditions. Radha. ... (Bengali: , IPA: ) (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941), also known by the sobriquet Gurudev, was a Bengali poet, Brahmo Samaj philosopher, visual artist, playwright, novelist, and composer whose works reshaped Bengali literature and music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... Jamini Roy (1887-1972) was an Indian painter from Kolkata (Calcutta in West Bengal). ... S.H. Raza (Born: Syed Haider Raza in 1922) is an eminent Indian artist who has lived and worked in France since 1950, but maintains strong ties with India. ...

In 1947 India became independent of British rule. A group of six artists - K. H. Ara, S. K. Bakre, H. A. Gade, M.F. Husain, S.H. Raza and F. N. Souza - founded the Progressive Artist's Group, to establish new ways of expressing India in the post-colonial era. Though the group was dissolved in 1956, it was profoundly influential in changing the idiom of Indian art. Almost all India's major artists in the 1950s were associated with the group. Some of those who are well-known today are Bal Chabda, V. S. Gaitonde, Krishen Khanna, Ram Kumar, Tyeb Mehta, and Akbar Padamsee. Present-day Indian art is varied as it had been never before. Among the best-known artists of the newer generation include Sanjay Bhattacharya, Bose Krishnamachari, Geeta Vadhera, NN.Rimzon, Satish Gupta, and [[Bikash Bhattacharya],Indian Art and Artist A watercolour by Husain depicting an Indian and a European woman in a palanquin Maqbool Fida Husain, (born September 17, 1915, Pandharpur) popularly known as M F Husain, is a well known Indian artist. ... S.H. Raza (Born: Syed Haider Raza in 1922) is an eminent Indian artist who has lived and worked in France since 1950, but maintains strong ties with India. ... Ram Kumar (born 1924, in Shimla, India) is a contemporary Indian artist. ... Tyeb Mehta is an Indian artist from Mumbai. ... // Geeta was educated at the Delhi School of Arts and started her assignment with the Government owned Cottage Industries, where she worked on commercial assignments. ...

Contemporary art

From the 1990s onwards, Indian artists began to multiply the forms they used in their work. Painting and sculpture remained important, though in the work of leading artists such as Subodh Gupta Pratul Dash, Devajyoti Ray[1], Sumedh Rajendran, Riyas Komu, Jagannath Panda or Atul Dodiya they often found radical new directions.

Crucially, however, in a complex time when the number of currents affecting Indian society seemed to multiply, many artists sought out new, more polyvocal and immersive forms of expression. Ranbir Kaleka, Raqs Media Collective and Shilpa Gupta have produced compelling contemporary works using such assortments of media forms including video and internet. This development coincided with the emergence of new galleries interested in promoting a wider range of art forms, such as Nature Morte in Delhi and its partner gallery Bose Pacia Gallery (New York and Kolkata) and Sakshi Gallery [2]in Mumbai. An impressive showcase of Contemporary and Modern Indian Art is to be seen at kalpa:vraksha [3]and Saffronart [4]. Even the techies of the Silicon Valley were not left behind. The newest gallery in the valley is Ritushri [[5]] There are many new galleries which are hosting very significant shows of indian Contemporary art like Priyasri Art gallery in mumbai [[6]] INDIAN ART AND ARTIST is website portal meant for Indian Art and Artist Raqs Media Collective is a group of three media practitioners - Jeebesh Bagchi (New Delhi, 1965), Monica Narula (New Delhi, 1969) and Shuddhabrata Sengupta (New Delhi, 1968) - based in New Delhi. ... The Bose Pacia Gallery is an art gallery located in the Chelsea, Manhattan in New York City, with partners in New Delhi (Nature Morte) and a branch in Kolkata (Bose Pacia Kolkata). ...

Music

Sitar, one of the most well-known Indian musical instruments

Main article: Music of India

The music of India includes multiple varieties of folk, popular, pop, and classical music. India's classical music tradition, including Carnatic and Hindustani music, has a history spanning wilfred and, developed over several eras, remains fundamental to the lives of Indians today as sources of religious inspiration, cultural expression and pure entertainment. India is made up of several dozen ethnic groups, speaking their own languages and dialects. Alongside distinctly subcontinental forms there are major influences from Persian, Arabic and British music.vagaram choudhary work on around the culture elements. Indian genres like filmi and bhangra have become popular throughout the United Kingdom, South and East Asia, and around the world. For more about music & music artist Indian Art and Artists Image File history File links Download high resolution version (398x623, 215 KB) This image comes from a copy of the text at http://asnic. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (398x623, 215 KB) This image comes from a copy of the text at http://asnic. ... Diagram of some sitar parts. ... Timeline and Samples Genres Classical (Carnatic and Hindustani) - Folk - Rock - Pop - Hip hop Awards Bollywood Music Awards - Punjabi Music Awards Charts Festivals Sangeet Natak Akademi – Thyagaraja Aradhana – Cleveland Thyagaraja Aradhana Media Sruti, The Music Magazine National anthem Jana Gana Mana, also national song Vande Mataram Music of the states Andaman... Folk song redirects here. ... For the music genre, see Pop music. ... This article is about the genre of popular music. ... Classical music is a broad, somewhat imprecise term, referring to music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of, European art, ecclesiastical and concert music, encompassing a broad period from roughly 1000 to the present day. ... The origins of Indian classical music can be found from the oldest of scriptures, part of the Hindu tradition, the Vedas. ... Carnatic music, also known as is one of the two styles of Indian classical music, the other being Hindustani music. ... Hindustani (हिन्‍दुस्‍थानी) classical music is an Indian classical music tradition originating in the North of the Indian subcontinent circa the 13th and 14th centuries CE. Developing a strong and diverse tradition over several centuries, it has contemporary traditions established primarily in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. ... For dialects of programming languages, see Programming language dialect. ... Map of South Asia (see note) This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia. ... Moosiqi Asil or Persian music is the traditional and indigenous music of Persia and Persian-speaking countries: musiqi, the science and art of music, and moosiqi, the sound and performance of music (Sakata 1983). ... Arabic music includes several genres and styles of music ranging from Arab classical to Arabic pop music and from secular to sacred music. ... Music from the United Kingdom has achieved great international popularity since the 1960s, when the British Invasion peaked. ... Timeline and Samples Genres Classical (Carnatic and Hindustani) - Folk - Rock - Pop - Hip hop Awards Bollywood Music Awards - Punjabi Music Awards Charts Festivals Sangeet Natak Akademi – Thyagaraja Aradhana – Cleveland Thyagaraja Aradhana Media Sruti, The Music Magazine National anthem Jana Gana Mana, also national song Vande Mataram Music of the states Andaman... Bhangra (Punjabi: , IPA: ) is a lively form of music and dance that originated in India. ... Map of South Asia (see note on Kashmir). ... This article is about the geographical region. ...

See also

Bharata Natyam—a classical Indian dance

• The Arts Trust - Institute of Contemporary Indian Art
• Culture of India
• Rasa (art)
• Bengal school of art
• Buddhist art
• Indian painting
• Indian architecture
  • Indian vernacular architecture
• Raqs Media Collective
• Bose Pacia Gallery
• Kurchi Dasgupta

A Bharatanatyam Dancer Bharatanatyam (also spelled Bharathanatyam, Bharatnatyam or Bharata Natyam) is a South Indian classical dance form. ... The Arts Trust - Institute of Contemporary Indian Art - ICIA based in Bombay is the largest gallery for contemporary art in India, opened by Vickram Sethi of The Arts Trust. ... The culture of India has been shaped by the long history of India, all the while absorbing customs, traditions and ideas from both immigrants and invaders, yet resiliently preserving the ancient Vedic culture derived from the Indus Valley Civilization. ... Senses delight all and have delighted always, but Indian theorists were perhaps the earliest to perceive the delight of senses as the essence of being - a phenomenon of mind sublimating spiritually. ... The Bengal School of Art was an influential style of art that flourished in India during the British Raj in the early 20th century. ... Footprint of the Buddha. ... Radha. ... Indian architecture encompasses a wide variety of geographically and historically spread structures, and was transformed by the long history of the entire South Asian subcontinent. ... Ettayapuram Bharathi House A Toda tribal hut Indian vernacular architecture is the informal, functional architecture of structures built of local materials in a style to meet the needs of the local people. ... Raqs Media Collective is a group of three media practitioners - Jeebesh Bagchi (New Delhi, 1965), Monica Narula (New Delhi, 1969) and Shuddhabrata Sengupta (New Delhi, 1968) - based in New Delhi. ... The Bose Pacia Gallery is an art gallery located in the Chelsea, Manhattan in New York City, with partners in New Delhi (Nature Morte) and a branch in Kolkata (Bose Pacia Kolkata). ...

External links

• Indian Art Architecture Archaelogy History Culture Study Project
• Popular Indian Arts - henna and rangoli
• The Canadian Museum of Civilization - India The Living Arts
• Twentieth Century Indian Art in Mukul Dey Archives
• India Art Architecture Heritage Online Exhibition
• Kala Madhyam — tribal and folk art and craft

References

• Harsha V. Dehejia, The Advaita of Art (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2000, ISBN 81-208-1389-8), p.97
• Kapila Vatsyayan, Classical Indian Dance in Literature and the Arts (New Delhi: Sangeet Natak Akademi, 1977), p.8
• Mitter, Partha. Indian Art (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-19-284221-8)

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Art of India

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Visual Arts Of The Indian Subcontinent