The Industrial Party Trial (November 25–December 7, 1930) (Russian: Процесс Промпартии, Trial of the Prompartiya) was a show trial in which several Soviet scientists and economists were accused and convicted of plotting a coup against the government of the Soviet Union. November 25 is the 329th (in leap years the 330th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The term show trial serves most commonly to label a type of public trial in which the judicial authorities have already determined the guilt of the accused: the actual trial has as its only goal to present the accusation and the verdict to the public as an impressive example and...

Nikolai Krylenko, deputy People's Commissar (minister) of Justice, assistant Prosecutor General of the RSFSR and a prominent Bolshevik, prosecuted the case. The presiding judge was Andrey Vyshinsky, later Krylenko's opponent who became famous as the prosecutor at the Moscow Show Trials in 1936-1938. Nikolai Vasilyevich Krylenko (May 2, 1885, Bekhteevo (Бехтеево), Smolensk region, Russian Empire – July 29, 1938, Moscow) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with: :Sovnarkom. ... State motto: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! (Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None (Russian in practice) Capital Moscow Chairman of the Supreme Council Boris Yeltsin Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 1st in former Soviet Union 17,075,200 km² 0,5% Population  - Total (1989)  - Density Ranked 1st in the former... Leaders of the Bolshevik Party and the Communist International, a painting by Malcolm McAllister on the Pathfinder Mural in New York City and on the cover of the book Lenin’s Final Fight published by Pathfinder. ... Andrey Yanuaryevich Vyshinsky (Андре́й Януа́рьевич Выши́нский) (December 10 [November 28, Old Style], 1883–November 22, 1954), also spelt Vishinsky, Vyshinski, was a Soviet jurist and later diplomat. ...

The defendants were a group of notable Soviet economists and engineers, including Leonid Ramzin, Osadchy (Осадчий), Charnovsky (Чарновский), Fedotov (Федотов), Larichev (Ларичев), Ochkin (Очкин), Sitnin, Kalinnikov, and Kupryanov. They stood accused of having formed an anti-Soviet "Union of Engineers’ Organisations" or Prompartiya ("Industrial Party") and of having tried to wreck the Soviet industry and transport in 1926-1930. A defendant or defender is any party who is required to answer the complaint of a plaintiff or pursuer in a civil lawsuit before a court, or any party who has been formally charged or accused of violating a criminal statute. ... Wrecking, or vreditelstvo (вредительство), was a crime specified in the criminal code of the Soviet Union in the Stalin era. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In a related development, a number of prominent members of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (Yevgeny Tarle, Sergei Platonov, Sergei Bakhrushin, etc) were arrested in 1930. They were mentioned during the "Industrial Party" trial as co-conspirators. However, no subsequent trial took place and they were quietly exiled to remote areas of the country for a few years. Russian Academy of Sciences (Росси́йская Акаде́мия Нау́к) is the national academy of Russia. ... Tarle, Yevgeny Viktorovich (1874-1955) was a Soviet historian and academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. ...

The Industrial Party Trial was the first post-NEP trial in which the defendants were accused of plotting a coup against the Soviet regime. The plot was supposedly hatched by emigre Russian industrialists in Paris. The trial was also notable in that it was the first Soviet show trial at which the defendants "confessed" their supposed crimes, including co-operating with the Prime Minister of France Raymond Poincare. The latter had to issue a public refutation, published in Pravda, which was presented at the trial as an additional "proof" by the prosecution. See also NEP. In Norse mythology, Nep was the father of Nanna. ... A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Business magnate. ... The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister A prime minister may be either: chief or leading member of the cabinet of the top-level government in a country having a parliamentary system of government; or the official, in countries with a semi-presidential system of government, appointed to manage the... Raymond Poincaré, President of the French Republic during the Great War. ... This article treats the Soviet/Russian newspaper. ...

The prosecution stated that "the Industrial Party consisted of the top old engineering-technical intelligentsia, of major specialists and professors, who held privileged positions during the capitalist regime". According to the prosecution, all of the organization's members had been raised in the bourgeois environment and hence were alien to the Soviet system, which served to reinforce an important point of contemporary Soviet propaganda. The intelligentsia (from Latin: intelligentia) is a social class of people engaged in complex mental and creative labor directed to the development and dissemination of culture: intellectuals and social groups close to them (e. ... Bourgeois at the end of the thirteenth century. ...

It was also alleged that Indparty wreckers had deviously moved beyond direct, crude, easily recognizable wrecking to wrecking in the areas of planning and resource distribution. In other words, they were made scapegoats for well known economic problems in these areas. The scapegoat was a goat that was driven off into the wilderness as part of the ceremonies of Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement, in Judaism during the times of the Temple in Jerusalem. ...

The trial was a refinement of the Shakhty Trial in 1928 and an important precursor to the Moscow Trials of the late 1930s. In one of those minor glitches that would plague later trials, Ramzin was accused of having plotted with Russian emigre industrialist Pavel Ryabushinsky in 1928 even though Ryabushinsky had died in 1924. 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Moscow Trials were a series of trials of political opponents of Joseph Stalin during the Great Purge. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

On December 7, five defendants were given the death sentence, which was commutted to long prison terms, while other defendants were sentenced to different terms in prison. Capital punishment, also referred to as the death penalty, is the judicially ordered execution of a prisoner as a punishment for a serious crime, often called a capital offense or a capital crime. ...

During his imprisonment, Ramzin was allowed to continue working. He was amenstied in 1932 and eventually showered with Soviet awards (the 1943 Stalin Prize, the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor ^[1]) to demonstrate the ability of the Soviet state to win over even its most irreconcilable enemies. In February 1936 some other defendants were also pardoned. Two years later, in January 1938, the prosecutor, Nikolai Krylenko, was arrested and shot during the Great Purge. 1932 (MCMXXXII) is a leap year starting on Friday. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... The USSR State Prize (Russian:Госуда́рственная пре́мия СССР) was the Soviet Unions highest civilian honour. ... The Order of Lenin (ru: Орден Ленина), named after the leader of the Russian Revolution, was the second highest national order of the Soviet Union (Highest was the Order of Victory). ... The Order of the Red Banner of Labour was an Order (decoration) of the Soviet Union for accomplishments in labour and civil service. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Great Purge is the name given to campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s. ...

References

• Andrew Rothstein (Ed.). Wreckers on Trial. London, 1931.
• N. V. Krylenko. A blow at Intervention. Final indictment in the case of the counter-revolutionary Organisation of the Union of Engineers’ Organisations (the Industrial Party) whereby Ramzin, Kalinnikof, Larichef, Charnowsky, Fedotof, Kupriyánof, Ochkin and Sitnin, the accused, are charged in accordance with article 58, paragraphs 3, 4, and 6 of the Criminal code of the RSFSR. Pref. by Karl Radek. Moscow, State Publishers, 1931.

Notes

• ^  See Volume 21 of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, New York; 1978.