Industrial minerals are geological materials which are mined for their commercial value, which are not fuel (fuel minerals or mineral fuels) and are not sources of metals (metallic minerals). They are used in their natural state or after beneficiation either as raw materials or as additives in a wide range of applications. Coal rail cars in Ashtabula, Ohio Fossil fuels, also known as mineral fuels, are hydrocarbon-containing natural resources such as coal, oil and natural gas. ... For alternative meanings see metal (disambiguation). ... Beneficiation is a variety of processes whereby extracted ore from mining is reduced to particles that can be separated into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. ...

Examples and applications

Typical examples of industrial rocks and minerals are limestone, clays, sand, gravel, diatomite, kaolin, bentonite, silica, barite, gypsum, and talc. Some examples of applications for industrial minerals are construction, ceramics, paints, electronics, filtration, plastics, glass, detergents and paper. Limey shale overlaid by limestone. ... Quaternary clay in Estonia. ... For other uses, see Sand (disambiguation). ... Gravel being unloaded from a barge Gravel is rock that is of a certain grain size range. ... Diatomaceous earth (also known as diatomite, DE or kieselguhr) is a naturally occurring, light-colored, solid material that is easily crumbled into a fine dust. ... Kaolin Kaolinite (Aluminium Silicate Hydroxide) Kaolinite is a mineral with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. ... Bentonite - USGS Bentonite is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate generally impure clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite, (Na,Ca)0. ... The chemical compound silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is the oxide of silicon, chemical formula SiO2. ... Baryte with Cerussite from Morocco Baryte with Galena and Hematite from Poland Barite (BaSO4) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate. ... Gypsum is a very soft mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O. // Chemical structure Gypsum from New South Wales, Australia Heating gypsum above approximately 150°C (302°F) partially dehydrates the mineral by driving off exactly 75% of the water contained in its chemical structure. ... Talc block Talc is a mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate with the chemical formula H2Mg3(SiO3)4 or Mg3Si4O10(OH)2. ... Cranes are essential in large construction projects, such as this skyscraper In project architecture and civil engineering, construction is the building or assembly of any infrastructure. ... Fixed Partial Denture, or Bridge The word ceramic is derived from the Greek word κεραμικος (keramikos, having to do with pottery). The term covers inorganic non-metallic materials whose formation is due to the action of heat. ... For information on the U.S. borough, see Paint, Pennsylvania. ... The field of electronics is the study and use of systems that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles in devices such as thermionic valves and semiconductors. ... The article is about the separation process. ... The term plastics covers a range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic condensation or polymerization products that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or fibers. ... This article refers to the material. ... A detergent is a compound, or a mixture of compounds, intended to assist cleaning. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ...

In some cases, even organic materials (peat) and industrial products or by-products (cement, slag, silica fume) are categorized under industrial minerals, as well as metallic compounds mainly utilized in nonmetallic form (as an example most of the titanium is utilized as an oxide TiO₂ rather than Ti metal). Peat in Lewis, Scotland Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetable matter. ... Cement is a material for bonding stone or brick. ... For the Transformers character, see Slag (Transformer). ... Silica fume, also known as microsilica, is a byproduct of the reduction of high-purity quartz with coal in electric furnaces in the production of silicon and ferrosilicon alloys. ...

List of industrial minerals

• Aggregates
• Alunite
• Asbestos
• Asphalt, Natural
• Barite
• Bauxite
• Bentonite
• Bitumins
• Borates
• Brines
• Cadmium sulfide
• Cadmium telluride
• Carbonatites
• Chlorine
• Chromite
• Clays
• Ball clays
• Kaolin
• Coal
• Corundum
• Diamond
• Dimension stone
• Diatomite
• Feldspar and Nepheline - Syenite
• Fluorspar
• Fuller's earth
• Garnet
• Gem minerals
• Gold
• Granite
• Graphite
• Gypsum
• Iodine
• Kaolin
• Kyanite / Sillimanite / Andalusite
• Limestone / Dolomite
• Marble
• Mica
• Olivine
• Perlite
• Phosphate
• Potash –Potassium minerals
• Pumice
• Quartz
• Salt
• Selenium
• Slate
• Silica sand / Tripoli
• Soda ash
• Sodium bicarbonate
• Sodium minerals
• Sodium sulfate
• Staurolite
• Strontium - Celestite
• Sulfur
• Talc
• Vermiculite
• Wollastonite
• Zeolites

Look up Aggregate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The term aggregate may refer to— in communication, to collect messages from multiple sources for presentation together, as in an RSS (file format) aggregator or News aggregator. ... Alunite, or alumstone, is a mineral that was first observed in the 15th century at Tolfa, near Rome, where it was mined for the manufacture of alum. ... Fibrous asbestos on muscovite Asbestos Asbestos Asbestos (a misapplication of Latin: asbestos quicklime from Greek ἄσβεστος: a-, not; sbestos, extinguishable) describes any of a group of fibrous metamorphic minerals of the hydrous magnesium silicate variety. ... The term asphalt is often used as an abbreviation for asphalt concrete. ... Baryte with Cerussite from Morocco Baryte with Galena and Hematite from Poland Barite (BaSO4) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate. ... Bauxite with penny Bauxite (pebbly) Bauxite is a naturally occurring, heterogeneous material composed primarily of one or more aluminium hydroxide minerals, plus various mixtures of silica, iron oxide, titania, aluminium silicates, and other impurities in minor or trace amounts. ... Bentonite - USGS Bentonite is an absorbent aluminium phyllosilicate generally impure clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite, (Na,Ca)0. ... Borate is a salt or ester of boric acid. ... Brine is water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. ... Cadmium sulfide (UK English sulphide), the mineral greenockite, is an hexagonal, yellowish crystal with specific gravity of 4. ... Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is a crystalline compound formed from cadmium and tellurium with a zinc blende (cubic) crystal structure (space group F43m). ... Carbonatites are intrusive igneous rocks defined by a mineralogy which is greater than than 50% carbonate minerals. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Atomic mass 35. ... Chromite, iron magnesium chromium oxide: (Fe,Mg)Cr2O4, is an oxide mineral belonging to the spinel group. ... For the town in the United States, see Clay, New York. ... Kaolin Kaolinite (Aluminium Silicate Hydroxide) Kaolinite is a mineral with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. ... Media:Example. ... Corundum is the crystalline form of aluminium oxide and one of the rock-forming minerals. ... For other uses, see Diamond (disambiguation). ... Dimension stone can be defined as natural rock material quarried for the purpose of obtaining blocks or slabs that meet specifications as to size (width, length, and thickness) and shape. ... Diatomaceous earth (also known as diatomite, DE or kieselguhr) is a naturally occurring, light-colored, solid material that is easily crumbled into a fine dust. ... Feldspar is the name of an important group of rock-forming minerals which make up perhaps as much as 60% of the Earths crust. ... Nephelite, also called nepheline, is a feldspathoid -- a silica-undersaturated aluminosilicate, Na,K) AlSiO4, that occurs in intrusive and volcanic rocks undersaturated with silica, and in their pegmatites. ... Syenite Syenite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock of the same general composition as granite but with the quartz either absent or present in relatively small amounts. ... Octahedral fluorite crystals from New Mexico, USA Fluorite (also called fluor-spar or Blue John) is a mineral composed of calcium fluoride, CaF2. ... Fullers earth is any nonplastic clay or claylike material that can be used to decolorize, filter, and purify animal, mineral, and vegetable oils and greases. ... The garnet group of minerals show crystals with a habit of rhombic dodecahedrons and trapezohedrons. ... GEM is an acronym for: Genetically Engineered Microorganism Global Electric Microcars Graphical Environment Manager — a windowing system created by Digital Research, Inc. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... Quarrying granite for the Mormon Temple, Utah Territory. ... Graphite (named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789, from the Greek γραφειν: to draw/write, for its use in pencils) is one of the allotropes of carbon. ... Gypsum is a very soft mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O. // Chemical structure Gypsum from New South Wales, Australia Heating gypsum above approximately 150°C (302°F) partially dehydrates the mineral by driving off exactly 75% of the water contained in its chemical structure. ... General Name, Symbol, Number iodine, I, 53 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 5, p Appearance violet-dark gray, lustrous Atomic mass 126. ... Kaolin Kaolinite (Aluminium Silicate Hydroxide) Kaolinite is a mineral with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4. ... Kyanite, whose name derives from the Greek, kyanos, meaning blue, is a typically blue silicate mineral, commonly found in aluminium-rich metamorphic pegmatites and/or sedimentary rock. ... Sillimanite: Biotite gneiss (Mesozoic and Paleozoic) Sillimanite is an alumino-sillicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. ... Andalusite-cordierite schist (Large brown crystals are Andalusite Andalusite is an aluminium nesosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. ... Limey shale overlaid by limestone. ... Dolomite crystals from Touissite, Morocco Dolomite is the name of both a carbonate rock and a mineral (formula: CaMg(CO3)2) consisting of a calcium magnesium carbonate found in crystals. ... Marble For the glass spheres, see marbles. ... rock with mica Mica sheet mica flakes The mica group of minerals includes several closely related materials having highly perfect basal cleavage. ... Olivine The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the formula (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 in which the ratio of magnesium and iron varies between the two endmembers of the series: forsterite (Mg-rich) and fayalite (Fe-rich). ... Expanded Perlite Perlite is an amorphous volcanic glass that has a relatively high water content. ... In inorganic chemistry, a phosphate is a salt of phosphoric acid. ... Potash Potash (or carbonate of potash) is an impure form of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) mixed with other potassium salts. ... General Name, Symbol, Number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 39. ... Specimen of highly porous pumice from Teide volcano on Tenerife, Canary Islands. ... Quartz is amongst one of the most common minerals in the Earths continental crust. ... A magnified crystal of a salt (halite/sodium chloride) In chemistry, a salt is any ionic compound composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... General Name, Symbol, Number selenium, Se, 34 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 4, p Appearance gray, metallic luster Atomic mass 78. ... Slate Slate is a fine-grained, homogeneous, metamorphic rock which was derived from an original sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low grade regional metamorphism. ... The chemical compound silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is the oxide of silicon, chemical formula SiO2. ... For other uses, see Sand (disambiguation). ... Tripoli is: The capital of Libya, see Tripoli A city in Lebanon, see Tripoli, Lebanon A medieval Crusader State, centred on Tripoli, Lebanon, see County of Tripoli A city in Arcadia, Greece, see Tripoli, Greece A city in Iowa, USA see Tripoli, Iowa A polishing compund used in the jewellery... Sodium carbonate or soda ash, Na2CO3, is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. ... Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or sodium hydrogen carbonate, also known as baking soda and bicarbonate of soda, is a soluble white anhydrous or crystalline chemical compound, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sodium, Na, 11 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 3, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 22. ... Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Staurolite Staurolite is a red brown to black mostly opaque nesosilicate mineral with a white streak. ... General Name, Symbol, Number strontium, Sr, 38 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 5, s Appearance silvery white metallic Atomic mass 87. ... Clear grey-blue celestite crystal crust from Madagascar Celestine from the Machow Mine, Poland. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sulfur, S, 16 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 3, p Appearance lemon yellow Atomic mass 32. ... Talc block Talc is a mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate with the chemical formula H2Mg3(SiO3)4 or Mg3Si4O10(OH)2. ... Vermiculite is a natural mineral which expands with the application of heat. ... Wollastonite is a calcium inosilicate mineral (CaSiO3) that may contain small amounts of iron, magnesium, and manganese substituting for calcium. ... Categories: Silicate minerals | Mineral stubs ...

See also

• Minerals
• List of minerals
• List of minerals (complete)