Isabella Clara Eugenia, possibly around 1584

Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain (Segovia 12 August 1566 – 1 December 1633) was Infanta of Spain, Archduchess of Austria and the joint sovereign of the Seventeen Provinces. In some sources, she is referred to as "Clara Isabella Eugenia". Image File history File links Download high resolution version (465x783, 187 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain User:Chris 73/PublicDomain Gallery 004 ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (465x783, 187 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain User:Chris 73/PublicDomain Gallery 004 ... Comarca Capital and Metropolitan Area Province Segovia Autonomous community Castilla y León Postal code 40001-40006 Coordinate systems  - Latitude:  - Longitude 40°57 N 4°10 0 Surface 1636 km² Altitude 1002 m Distance 87 km from Madrid 111 km from Valladolid Population  - Total (2004)  - Density 55. ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 13 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. ... In the Spanish and former Portuguese monarchies, Infante (masc. ... The title of Archduke (in German Erzherzog) was invented in the Privilegium Maius, a forgery initiated by Duke Rudolf IV of Austria. ... The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of Germany. ...

Biography

Youth and family

Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain was born in Segovia on 12 August 1566 as the daughter of Phillip II of Spain and his third wife Elizabeth of Valois. Hence her grandfather was Emperor Charles V, and her grandmother was Catherine de' Medici. Her father Phillip II of Spain was overjoyed over her birth and declared that he was more happy about her birth than the birth of a son. This was a surprise to many, since at that time sons were generally valued much higher than daughters. On the other hand, Phillip did not develop a deep relationship to his son Don Carlos of Spain from his first marriage with Princess Maria of Portugal, and at some times they even worked against each other. Isabella's mother and Phillip's wife, Elizabeth of Valois, was actually initially destined to be the bride of Phillip's son Don Carlos. While this marriage naturally also had the political aim to improve the relations between Spain and France, Phillip actually did fall deeply in love with his most beautiful wife, staying at her side even when she had chickenpox and later the highly contagious smallpox. Despite initial hesitations, Elizabeth eventually returned the love of her husband. Elizabeth's first pregnancy in 1564 ended with a miscarriage of twin girls. On 12 August 1566 Elizabeth gave birth to her first child Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain. Isabella got a sister Catherine Micaela on October 10, 1567. Elizabeth had another a miscarriage on October 3, 1568, and died herself due to the complications on the same day. August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ... Philip II of Spain (1527 – September 13, 1598), King of Spain (r. ... Elizabeth of Valois, by Sofonisba Anguissola, 1565 Elizabeth of Valois (April 2, 1545 – October 3, 1568) was a daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de Medici. ... Charles V Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain Charles V (Spanish: Carlos I, Dutch: Karel V, German: Karl V.) (24 February 1500–21 September 1558) is considered (the first) King of Spain though in fact his son was the first to use that title. ... Catherine de Medici Catherine de Medici (April 13, 1519, Florence – January 5, 1589, Blois), born in Italy as Caterina Maria Romola di Lorenzo de Medici, and later lived in France under the name Catherine de Médicis, was Queen of France as the wife of King Henry II of France... Several of the Carlist pretenders to the Spanish throne were also known as Don Carlos. ... Maria of Portugal (English: Mary) as a Portuguese Princess daughter of King John III of Portugal and his wife Catherine of Habsburg. ... Chickenpox, also spelled chicken pox, is the commonly known name for varicella disease, frequently but not exclusively contracted in childhood. ... Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a highly contagious disease unique to humans. ... Events March 8 — Naples bans kissing in public under the penalty of death June 22 — Fort Caroline, the first French attempt at colonizing the New World September 10 — The Battle of Kawanakajima Ottoman Turks invade Malta Modern pencil becomes common in England Conquistadors crossed the Pacific Spanish founded a colony... Miscarriage is the common term for the natural or accidental termination of a pregnancy at a stage where the embryo or the fetus is incapable of surviving. ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events January 7 - Pius V becomes Pope Selim II succeeds Suleiman I as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Religious rioting in the Netherlands signifies the beginning of the Eighty Years War in the Netherlands. ... Catherine Micaela of Spain was the daughter of King Philip II of Spain and Elizabeth of Valois, Princess of France. ... October 10 is the 283rd day of the year (284th in Leap years). ... Events The Duke of Alva arrives in the Netherlands with Spanish forces to suppress unrest there. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in Leap years). ... Events March 23 - Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. ...

Isabella Clara Eugenia and her younger sister Catalina Micaela in 1570

Isabella grew up together with her sister Catalina, beloved by her father and her stepmother Anna of Austria, Phillip's fourth wife. Anna also gave birth to five more children of Phillip, most of whom died at an early age, except for his heir Philip III of Spain. However, there was nothing in the world that Philip II loved more than his two daughters Isabella and Catalina, especially Isabella. While Philip II had a reputation of being cold, numerous affectionate letters between him and his daughters show a deep fatherly love, with him always signing his letters with Your good father. Image File history File links Infantas Isabella Clara Eugenia and Catalina Micaela, 1570. ... Image File history File links Infantas Isabella Clara Eugenia and Catalina Micaela, 1570. ... A stepfamily is the family one acquires when a parent marries someone new. ... Anna of Austria could be a reference to either Anna of Austria (1573-1598), Queen Consort of Sigismund III of Poland Anna of Austria (1601-1666) (or Anne), Queen Consort of Louis XIII of France and mother of (and regent for) Louis XIV of France. ... Philip III of Spain Philip III (Spanish: Felipe III) (April 14, 1578 – March 31, 1621) was the king of Spain and Portugal (as Philip II Portuguese: Filipe II), from 1598 until his death. ...

Isabella was also the only person that was allowed to help Philip II with his work, sorting his papers and frequently translating Italian documents into Spanish. Isabella stayed at her fathers side, especially during his last three years, where he was plagued by the gout and heavy fever before Philip II died on September 13, 1598. See Fever for the Kylie Minogue album; Fever is also a song by Otis Blackwell. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ...

Marriage

Since 1568 the age of two, Isabella was promised to marry Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 18, 1552, - January 20, 1612), son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria, a daughter of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. Isabella, however, had to wait for more than 20 years before the eccentric Rudolf declared that he had no intention of marrying anybody. Events March 23 - Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. ... Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II Rudolph IIs personal imperial crown, later crown of the Austrian Empire Rudolf II Habsburg was an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, king of Bohemia, and king of Hungary. ... July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 166 days remaining. ... Events April - War between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades Lorraine and captures Toul, Metz, and Verdun. ... January 20 is the 20th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 20 - Mathias becomes Holy Roman Emperor. ... Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II Maximilian II of the Habsburg dynasty was born July 31, 1527 at Vienna and died October 12, 1576 in Regensburg. ... Charles V Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain Charles V (Spanish: Carlos I, Dutch: Karel V, German: Karl V.) (24 February 1500–21 September 1558) is considered (the first) King of Spain though in fact his son was the first to use that title. ...

After her uncle, Henry III of France, was assassinated by a young fanatical monk Jacques Clément on August 2, 1589, Phillip II claimed the French crown on behalf of Isabella. However, he had no right to this claim, since France was under the Salic Law, which forbade succession in the female line, and at any rate Philip's second wife and Isabella's mother Elizabeth had to abjure any claims to the French crown with her marriage to Philip II. The Huguenot leader, Henry of Navarre, the rightful king by traditional French inheritance laws, ultimately made good his claim to the throne, converted to Catholicism, and was crowned in 1594. Henry III (French: Henri III; Polish: Henryk III Walezy; September 19, 1551 – August 2, 1589) was King of Poland (1573-1574) and subsequently King of France (1574-1589). ... Jacques Clément (1567 - August 1, 1589) was the murderer of the French king Henry III. He was born at Serbonnes, in todays Yonne département, in Burgundy, and became a Dominican friar. ... August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. ... Events Rebellion of the Catholic League against King Henry III of France, in revenge for his murder of Duke Henry of Guise. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Henry IV of France (French: Henri IV de France; December 13, 1553–May 14, 1610), was the first of the Bourbon kings of France, reigning from 1589 until his death. ... Events February 27 - Henry IV is crowned King of France at Rheims. ...

Isabella and her husband Albert

At age 31, Isabella finally found a husband. On 18 April 1599, she married her cousin Archduke Albert of Austria, the younger brother of her former fiancé Rudolf II. Albert was the joint sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands and the former viceroy of Portugal. As Albert also was the Archbishop of Toledo, he had to be released from his religious commitments by the Pope. Shortly before Philip II died on September 13, 1598, he renounced his rights to the Netherlands in favor of his daughter Isabella and her husband. Isabella Clara Eugenia and Archduke Albert. ... Isabella Clara Eugenia and Archduke Albert. ... April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). ... Events Swedish King Sigismund III Vasa is replaced by his brother Charles IX of Sweden. ... Albert and his wife Isabella Archduke Albert Ernst of Austria (15 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was appointed for the Spanish monarchy as Governor of the Low Countries in 1595, and from 1598 became joint sovereign of the Seventeen Provinces with his wife, the Isabella Clara Eugenia, daughter of Philip... Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II Rudolph IIs personal imperial crown, later crown of the Austrian Empire Rudolf II Habsburg was an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, king of Bohemia, and king of Hungary. ... The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 16th century, roughly covering the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, Nord) and a small part of Germany. ... This is a list of Bishops and Archbishops of Toledo. ... The pope is the Patriarch of the West and Bishop of Rome, and leader of the Catholic Church. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ...

Isabella's marriage with Albert is said to have been happy. However, there were no children, and it was rumored that they had a platonic marriage.

Spanish Netherlands

Isabella Clara Eugenia as a Nun in 1625

From 1601 they ruled the Spanish Netherlands together, and after Albert's death Isabella became the governor of the Netherlands herself on behalf of the King of Spain. The reign of Albert and Isabella is considered the Golden Age of the Netherlands. This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... Image File history File links File links The following pages link to this file: Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain User:Chris 73/PublicDomain Gallery 004 ... Image File history File links File links The following pages link to this file: Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain User:Chris 73/PublicDomain Gallery 004 ... This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... The Spanish monarchy, referred to as the Crown of Spain (Corona de España) in the Spanish Constitution of 1978, is the office of the King or Queen of Spain. ...

The reign of the Archdukes Isabella Clara Eugenia and Albert of Austria is a key period in the history of the Spanish Netherlands. After four decades of war, it brought a period of much-needed peace and stability to the economy of the Southern Netherlands. In addition to economic prosperity, the actions of the Archdukes stimulated the growth of a separate South Netherlandish identity. The Archdukes consolidated the authority of the House of Habsburg over the territory of the Southern Netherlands and largely succeeded in reconciling previous anti-Spanish sentiments. Archduke - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... The Southern Netherlands were a part of the Low Countries controlled by Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1579-1713), Austria (Austrian Netherlands, 1713-1794) and France (1794-1815). ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ...

When it became clear that independence would not be possible, the Archdukes' goal became to reincorporate the Southern Provinces into the Spanish monarchy. In pursuit of that goal and to get their political agenda to all Flemish social classes, the Archdukes used the most diverse mediums. The visual arts, with the baroque popularized in the wake of the Catholic Reformation, was the perfect tool. Thus Isabella and her husband stimulated the growth of this artistic movement, which resulted in the creation of the Flemish Baroque. Flemish (in Dutch, Vlaams) can either refer to Anything belonging to Flanders (the Flemish nation) or to its inhabitants, the Flemings. ... Social class describes the relationships between people in hierarchical societies or cultures. ... Resources ArtLex. ... Adoration, by Peter Paul Rubens: dynamic figures spiral down around a void: draperies blow: a whirl of movement lit in a shaft of light, rendered in a free bravura handling of paint In arts, the Baroque (or baroque) is both a period and the style that dominated it. ... The Catholic Reformation or the Counter-Reformation was a strong reaffirmation of the doctrine and structure of the Catholic Church, climaxing at the Council of Trent, partly in reaction to the growth of Protestantism. ...

Their patronage of such artists as Rubens, Brueghel, Coebergher, the De Nole family, the Van Veens and many others were the beginning of a Golden Age in the Southern Netherlands. This, coupled with the political configuration of the period, made the Archdukes' Court at Brussels one of the foremost political and artistic centers in Europe of that time. It became the testing ground for the Spanish Monarchy's European plans, a boiling pot full of people of all sorts: from artists and diplomats to defectors, spies and penitent traitors, from Spanish confessors, Italian counselors, Burgundian functionaries, English musicians, German bodyguards to the Belgian nobles. The Treaty of London and the Twelve Years Truce were brought about thanks to the active involvement of the Archdukes in the negotiations. Brussels became a vital link in the chain of Habsburg courts and the diplomatic conduits between Madrid, Vienna, Paris, London, Lisbon, Graz, Innsbruck, Prague and The Hague could be said to run through Brussels. Pieter Pauwel (Peter Paul) Rubens (June 28, 1577 - May 30, 1640) was a Flemish baroque painter. ... Brueghel or Bruegel was the name of several Flemish painters from the same family line: Pieter Brueghel the Elder (c. ... Treaty of London may refer to: Treaty of London, 1359 ceding western France to England, repudiated by the Estates-General in Paris, 19 May 1359 Treaty of London, 1604 between England and Spain Treaty of London, 1700, also known as the Second Partition Treaty. ...

When Albert died in 1621, Isabella joined the order of the Sisters of St. Clare, and became the governor of the Netherlands on behalf of the King of Spain. She was succeded as Governor by Philip IV's brother, the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand in 1633. Events February 9 - Gregory XV is elected pope. ... Philip IV of Spain Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe IV) (April 8, 1605 – September 17, 1665) was the king of Spain, from 1621 until his death, and king of Portugal as Philip III (Portuguese: Filipe III) until 1640. ... Cardinale Infante Ferdinand of Austria as Hunter Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand (1609/16101 in Escorial near Madrid, Spain - 9 November 1641 in Brussels) (also known as Fernando and as Ferdinand von Österreich), Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands, Cardinal, Infante, Archbishop of Toledo (1619-41), and commander during the Thirty Years War... Events February 13 - Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. ...

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Isabella Clara Eugenia

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fuck you Albert and his wife Isabella Archduke Albert Ernst of Austria (15 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was appointed for the Spanish monarchy as Governor of the Low Countries in 1595, and from 1598 became joint sovereign of the Seventeen Provinces with his wife, the Isabella Clara Eugenia, daughter of Philip... The Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands ruled the Seventeen Provinces, after 1581 only the Southern Netherlands as a representative of the Duke of Burgundy (until 1555), the King of Spain (1555-1706) or the Archduke of Austria (1716-1794), all from the house of Habsburg. ... Cardinale Infante Ferdinand of Austria as Hunter Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand (1609/16101 in Escorial near Madrid, Spain - 9 November 1641 in Brussels) (also known as Fernando and as Ferdinand von Österreich), Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands, Cardinal, Infante, Archbishop of Toledo (1619-41), and commander during the Thirty Years War... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The title Duke of Brabant was created when the counts of Leuven acquired the duchy of Lower Lorraine after the death of Godfrey of Bouillon. ... Guelders (Dutch Gelre, German Geldern) is the name of a historical duchy in the Low Countries. ... The title Duke of Brabant was created when the counts of Leuven acquired the duchy of Lower Lorraine after the death of Godfrey of Bouillon. ... The Duchy of Lower Lorraine encompassed part of modern-day Belgium and the Netherlands. ... The County of Artois was a Carolingian county, established by the counts Odalric and Ecfrid of Artois, then integrated into the County of Flanders, first by Baldwin II of Flanders around 898, then by Arnulf I of Flanders. ... This is a list of the counts of Burgundy from 867 to 1678. ... The counts of Flanders ruled over the county of Flanders from the 9th century. ... The virtually independent county of Hainaut emerged from chaotic conditions at the end of the 9th century as a semi-independent state, at first a vassal of the crown of Lotharingia. ... The following is a list of Marquis or Margraves of Namur. ... Albert and his wife Isabella Archduke Albert Ernst of Austria (15 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was appointed for the Spanish monarchy as Governor of the Low Countries in 1595, and from 1598 became joint sovereign of the Seventeen Provinces with his wife, the Isabella Clara Eugenia, daughter of Philip... Philip IV of Spain Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe IV) (April 8, 1605 – September 17, 1665) was the king of Spain, from 1621 until his death, and king of Portugal as Philip III (Portuguese: Filipe III) until 1640. ...