The Eagle and Child pub (commonly known as the Bird and Baby) in Oxford where the Inklings met on Thursday nights in 1939.

The corner of the pub where the Inklings met. There is now a small display of memorabilia there.

The Inklings was a literary discussion group associated with the University of Oxford, England. Its members, mostly academics at the university, included J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Owen Barfield, Charles Williams, Adam Fox, Hugo Dyson, Robert Havard, Nevill Coghill, Charles Leslie Wrenn, Roger Lancelyn Green, Colin Hardie, James Dundas-Grant, John Wain, R.B. McCallum, Gervase Mathew, C.E. Stevens, J.A.W. Bennett, Lord David Cecil, Christopher Tolkien (J.R.R. Tolkien's son), and Warren "Warnie" Lewis (C.S. Lewis's elder brother). It met between the 1930s and the 1960s. Image File history File links Beschreibung: Tolkiens literarischer Kreis der Inklings (darunter auch C.S. Lewis) traf sich Dienstags im Pub The Eagle and Child, der aber von Tolkien The Bird and Baby genannt wurde. ... Image File history File links Beschreibung: Tolkiens literarischer Kreis der Inklings (darunter auch C.S. Lewis) traf sich Dienstags im Pub The Eagle and Child, der aber von Tolkien The Bird and Baby genannt wurde. ... The Eagle and Child is a moderately common pub name. ... This article is about the city of Oxford in England. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 1418 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Inklings The Eagle and Child User:Brighterorange ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3072x2048, 1418 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Inklings The Eagle and Child User:Brighterorange ... Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... J. R. R. Tolkien in 1916. ... Clive Staples Lewis (November 29, 1898 – November 22, 1963), commonly referred to as C. S. Lewis, was an author and scholar. ... Owen Barfield (November 9, 1898–December 14, 1997) was a British philosopher, author, poet, and critic. ... Charles Walter Stansby Williams (September 20, 1886 – May 15, 1945), was a British writer and poet, and a member of the loose literary circle called the Inklings. ... Canon Adam Fox (1883–1977) was the Dean of Divinity at C.S. Lewiss Magdalen College, Oxford. ... Hugo Dyson, whose full name was Henry Victor Dyson Dyson, was a member of the Inklings literary group. ... Dr. Robert Emlyn Havard (1901-1985) was the physician of C.S. Lewis and his wife Joy, and Havard joined the Inklings because of the literary tastes he shared with that group. ... Nevill Coghill (1899-1980) was a British literary scholar, known especially for his modern English version of Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales. ... Charles Leslie Wrenn was a British scholar. ... Roger (Gilbert) Lancelyn Green (2 November 1918 – 8 October 1987) was a British biographer and childrens writer. ... John Wain (born John Barrington Wain, March 14, 1925 - May 24, 1994) was an English poet, novelist, and critic, associated with the literary group The Movement. ... Lord Edward Christian David Gascoyne-Cecil CH (April 9, 1902 – January 1, 1986), was an English aristocrat, literary scholar, biographer and academic. ... Christopher Reuel Tolkien (born November 21, 1924) is best known as the third son of author J. R. R. Tolkien (1892-1973), and as the editor of much of his fathers posthumously published work. ... Warren Hamilton Lewis (June 16, 1895-April 9, 1973) was the brother of noted British professor and author C. S. Lewis, and served as his secretary for the later years of C. S. Lewiss life. ... The 1930s (years from 1930-1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known in Europe as the World Depression. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ...

The Inklings were literary enthusiasts who praised the value of narrative in fiction, and encouraged the writing of fantasy. Contrary to what has been said about the Inklings, it was not an exclusively Christian club. Christian values are also notably reflected in their work, though there were Atheists and Anthroposophists among the members of the discussion group. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Fantasy is a genre of art that uses magic and other supernatural forms as a primary element of plot, theme, or setting. ... Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. ... For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ... Anthroposophy is a course of study founded by Rudolf Steiner that he described as spiritual science. It is an attempt to investigate and describe spiritual phenomena by means of soul-observations using scientific methodology.[1] Anthroposophical research attempts to investigate and describe a spiritual world, individual spiritual beings (arranged in...

"Properly speaking," wrote Warren Lewis, "the Inklings was neither a club nor a literary society, though it partook of the nature of both. There were no rules, officers, agendas, or formal elections."

As was typical for university literary groups in their time and place, the Inklings were all male. (Dorothy L. Sayers, sometimes claimed as an Inkling, was a friend of Lewis and Williams, but never attended Inklings meetings.) Dorothy Leigh Sayers (Oxford, 13 June 1893 – Witham, 17 December 1957) was a renowned British author, translator, student of classical and modern languages, and Christian humanist. ...

Readings and discussions of the members' unfinished works were the principal purposes of meetings. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Lewis' Out of the Silent Planet, and Williams' All Hallows' Eve were among the novels first read to the Inklings. Tolkien's fictional Notion Club (see Sauron Defeated) was based on the Inklings. This article is about the novel by J. R. R. Tolkien. ... Out of the Silent Planet is the first novel of a science fiction trilogy written by C. S. Lewis, sometimes referred to as the Space Trilogy or Ransom Trilogy. ... Halloween is an observance celebrated on the night of October 31, most notably by children dressing in costumes and going door-to-door collecting sweets or money. ... ... The Notion Club Papers is the title of an abandoned novel by J. R. R. Tolkien, written during 1945 and published posthumously in Sauron Defeated, the 9th volume of The History of Middle-earth. ... The History of The Lord of the Rings is a 4-volume work by Christopher Tolkien that documents the process of J. R. R. Tolkiens writing of his masterwork The Lord of the Rings (LotR). ...

Meetings were not all serious though; the Inklings amused themselves by having competitions to see who could read the famously bad prose of Amanda McKittrick Ros for the longest without laughing.[1] Amanda McKittrick Ros (1860–1939) (born Anna Margaret McKittrick, later Anna Ross) was an Irish writer. ...

Until late 1949, Inklings readings and discussions were usually held on Thursday evenings in C.S. Lewis's college rooms at Magdalen College. The Inklings were also known to gather at a local pub, The Eagle and Child, known to them as The Bird and Baby, or simply The Bird. But, contrary to common belief, they did not read their manuscripts in the pub. Later pub meetings were held at The Lamb and Flag across the street, and in earlier years the Inklings also met irregularly in yet other pubs, but The Eagle and Child has kept the cachet. College name Magdalen College Collegium Beatae Mariae Magdalenae Named after Mary Magdalene Established 1458 Sister College Magdalene College President Professor David Clary FRS JCR President Jessica Jones Undergraduates 395 MCR President Kader Allouni Graduates 230 Homepage Boatclub Magdalen College (pronounced ) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of... An amusingly named pub (the Old New Inn) at Bourton-on-the-Water, in the Cotswold Hills of South West England A pub in the Haymarket area of Edinburgh, Scotland A public house, usually known as a pub, is a drinking establishment found mainly in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada... The Eagle and Child is a moderately common pub name. ... The Lamb and Flag is a centrally located public house and old coaching inn at 12 St Giles, Oxford, England. ...

The name was originally associated with a club at University College, founded by the then undergraduate Edward Tangye Lean in c. 1931, for the purpose of reading aloud unfinished compositions. The club consisted of students and dons, among them Tolkien and Lewis. When Lean left Oxford in 1933, the club died, and its name was transferred by Tolkien and Lewis to their group at Magdalen. On the connection between the two 'Inklings' societies, Tolkien later said "although our habit was to read aloud compositions of various kinds (and lengths!), this association and its habit would in fact have come into being at that time, whether the original short-lived club had ever existed or not." University College (in full, the College of the Great Hall of the University, commonly known as University College in the University of Oxford, usually known by its derivative, Univ), is a contender for the claim to be the oldest of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the...

Named after the Inklings is the Inklings society based in Aachen, and their yearbook, Inklings Jahrbuch für Literatur und Ästhetik, published from 1983 by Brendow, Moers. The yearbook contains scholarly articles and reviews, dealing with Inklings members in particular, but also with fantasy literature and mythopoeia in general. Oche redirects here; in darts the oche is the line from which players must throw. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Moers (in older texts also Mörs or Meurs) is a city (population about 108,000 in 2003) in western Germany. ...

The Marion E. Wade Center, located at Wheaton College, Illinois is devoted to the work of seven British authors including four Inklings and Dorothy L. Sayers. Overall, the Wade Center has more than 11,000 volumes including first editions and critical works. Other holdings on the seven foremost authors (Owen Barfield, G. K. Chesterton, C. S. Lewis, George MacDonald, Dorothy L. Sayers, J. R. R. Tolkien, and Charles Williams) include letters, manuscripts, audio and video tapes, artwork, dissertations, periodicals, photographs, and related materials. Wheaton College is a private, independent, evangelical Protestant, coeducational, liberal arts college located in Wheaton, Illinois, USA. Wheaton has an enrollment of approximately 2,400 undergraduate students. ... Dorothy Leigh Sayers (Oxford, 13 June 1893 – Witham, 17 December 1957) was a renowned British author, translator, student of classical and modern languages, and Christian humanist. ... Owen Barfield (November 9, 1898–December 14, 1997) was a British philosopher, author, poet, and critic. ... Gilbert Keith Chesterton (May 29, 1874–June 14, 1936) was an influential English writer of the early 20th century. ... Clive Staples Lewis (29 November 1898 – 22 November 1963), commonly referred to as C. S. Lewis, was an Irish author and scholar. ... George MacDonald (December 10, 1824 – September 18, 1905) was a Scottish author, poet, and Christian minister. ... Dorothy Leigh Sayers (Oxford, 13 June 1893 – Witham, 17 December 1957) was a renowned British author, translator, student of classical and modern languages, and Christian humanist. ... Tolkien redirects here. ... Charles Walter Stansby Williams (September 20, 1886 – May 15, 1945), was a British writer and poet, and a member of the loose literary circle called the Inklings. ...

Related reading

• Carpenter, Humphrey (1979). The Inklings: C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, Charles Williams and Their Friends. ISBN 0-395-27628-4. 

• Duriez, Colin; David Porter (2001). The Inklings Handbook: The Lives, Thought and Writings of C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkien, Charles Williams, Owen Barfield, and Their Friends. ISBN 1-902694-13-9. 

• Duriez, Colin (2003). Tolkien and C.S. Lewis: The Gift of Friendship. ISBN 1-58768-026-2. 

• Glyer, Diana (2006). The Company They Keep: C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien as Writers in Community. ISBN-13: 978-0873388900. 

External links

• A website focused on C S Lewis and the Inklings
• An Inklings bibliography from The Mythopoeic Society
• German Inklings Society
• Marion E. Wade Center research collection
• Entry in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography