Inner Austria (GermanInnersterreich) is a term used from the late 14th to the 16th century referring to Styria, Carinthia, Carniola and assorted smaller Habsburg possessions in bordering the area.
In the Treaty of Neuberg of 1379, the Habsburgs split into the Albertinian (seeAlbert III) line ruling in Austria proper (then sometimes referred to as Lower Austria, but comprising modern Lower Austria and Upper Austria) and the Leopoldian line (seeLeopold III) ruling in Inner Austria and also Tyrol and Further Austria (which were collectively sometimes referred to as Upper Austria in that context, not to be confused with the modern state of that name).
In 1402, the Leopoldinian line was further split into an Inner Austrian (seeErnest the Iron) and a Tyrolean/Further Austrian line (seeFrederick IV). After a reunification around 1500 when all lines but the Inner Austrian one went extinct, the Habsburg lines were split up again in 1564 among the children of Emperor Ferdinand I. The Inner Austrian line founded by Archduke Charles II prevailed again, when his son and successor as regent of Inner Austria became Emperor as Ferdinand II and King of Bohemia and Hungary in 1620. The Tyrolean line of Ferdinand's brother Archduke Leopold V survived until 1665, when their territories ultimately returned to common control with the other Austrian Habsburg lands.
Graz [graːts] (Slovenian: Gradec IPA: /gra.deʦ/), with a population of 285,470 as of 2006 (of which 248,146 have principal residence status), is the second-largest city in Austria after Vienna and the capital of the federal state of Styria (Steiermark in German).
Following the defeat of Austria by Napoleonic forces at the Battle of Wagram in 1809, the fortifications were demolished using explosives, as stipulated in the Peace of Schönbrunn of the same year.
Archduke Charles II of InnerAustria had 20,000 Protestant books burned in the square of what is now a mental hospital, and succeeded in returning Styria to the authority of the Holy See.
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