Innsbruck (population 120,000) is a city in western Austria, and the capital of the Tyrol province. Located in the Inn valley, between tall mountains, it is a famous winter sports centre.
Innsbruck became the capital of all Tirol in 1429.
The peace treaty of Pressburg that sealed Napoleon's conquest of Austria in 1805 decreed that Austria cede the provinces of Brixen, Trient and Tirol to Bavaria.
Innsbruck was to regain significance beyond its immediate provinces in the latter part of the 19th century with the onset of the industrial revolution and the spread of mass communications and transport.
Innsbruck, the old provincial capital of Tirol, lies in the wide Inn valley at the intersection of two important traffic routes, between Germany and Italy and between Vienna and Switzerland.
Innsbruck is a university town and the see of a bishop, but also has a variety of industry and holds regular trade fairs.
In 1239 Innsbruck was granted the status of a town, and thereafter it was surrounded by walls and towers.
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