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An instant camera is a type of camera with self-developing film. The most famous are those made by the Polaroid Corporation. The invention of modern instant cameras is generally credited to American scientist Edwin Land, who unveiled the first commercial instant camera, the Land Camera, in 1947, 10 years after founding the Polaroid Corporation. Download high resolution version (1340x1604, 209 KB)Polaroids SX-70 This picture/image was taken/created by me. ...
Download high resolution version (1340x1604, 209 KB)Polaroids SX-70 This picture/image was taken/created by me. ...
Polaroid Corporation was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (768x665, 83 KB)Polaroids Land Camera Model J66 camera Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (768x665, 83 KB)Polaroids Land Camera Model J66 camera Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ...
Polaroid Corporation was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Polaroid Corporation was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land. ...
This article is about the photographing device. ...
Instant film is a photographic film that is designed to be used in an instant camera. ...
Polaroid Corporation was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land. ...
Edwin Herbert Land (May 7, 1909 – March 1, 1991) was an American scientist and inventor. ...
The Land camera was the first instant camera. It was invented by Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid. ...
Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Polaroid Corporation was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land. ...
Types of Polaroid instant cameras See also list of Polaroid instant cameras. This is a list of the instant cameras sold by the Polaroid Corporation. ...
Polaroid cameras can be classified by the type of film they use. The earliest Polaroids (pre-1963) used instant roll film, which has since been discontinued. Roll film came in two rolls (positive/developing agent and negative) which were loaded into the camera and eventually offered in three sizes (40, 30, and 20 series). Later cameras utilized "pack film," which required the photographer to pull the film out of the camera for development, then peel apart the positive from the negative at the end of the developing process. Pack film initially was offered in a rectangular format (100 series), then in square format (80 series). Later Polaroids, like the once popular SX-70, used a square format integral film, in which all components of the film (negative, developer, fixer, etc.) were contained. Each exposure developed automatically once the shot is taken. SX-70 (or Time Zero) film was recently discontinued but had a strong following from artists who used it for image manipulation. 600 series cameras such as the Pronto, Sun 600, and One600 use 600 (or the more difficult to find professional 779) film. Polaroid Spectra cameras use Polaroid Spectra film which went back to a rectangular format. Capitiva, Joycam, and Popshots (single use) cameras use a smaller 500 series film in rectangular format. I-zone cameras use a very small film format which was offered in a sticker format. Finally, Mio cameras used Mio film, which was a film format smaller than 600, but larger than 500 series film. SX-70 with electronic flash attachment SX-70 folded up. ...
Instant movie cameras -
Not only did Polaroid make instant still-image cameras, but they also manufactured a type of instant movie camera. The unit was called Polavision. The kit included a camera, film, and a movie viewer. When the movie was shot, it would be taken out of the camera and then inserted into the viewer for development, then viewed after development. This format was close to Super 8 mm film. Polavision film was different from normal film in that it was an additive film, mixing the primary colors (red, green, blue) to form the color image. The biggest disadvantage of the Polavision system was the low film speed (ASA 40), which resulted in having to use very bright lights when taking the movie, as well as requiring a special player to view the developed movie. Because of this, and combined with the advent of VHS video recorders, Polavision had a short history. Polavision was an instant movie camera system launched by Polaroid in the late 1970s. ...
Polavision was an instant movie camera system launched by Polaroid in the late 1970s. ...
Kodachrome 40 KMA464P Super 8 Catridge Super 8 mm film, also called Super 8 is a motion picture film format that was developed in the 1960s and released on the market in 1965 by Eastman Kodak as an improvement of the older 8mm home movie format, and the Cine 8...
Types of non-Polaroid instant cameras Some of the earliest instant cameras were brought to market before Edwin Land's invention of the instant camera. These cameras are, however, more portable darkrooms than "instant" camera. After Land's patent was brought to market, many imitators surfaced, some using Polaroid-compatible film and equipment, such as cameras by Keystone, Konica, and Minolta. Others were incompatible with Polaroid cameras and film, the most notable of these being made by Kodak, such as the Kodamatic. These cameras accepted a Kodak-branded integral instant film, similar to Polaroid's SX-70 film. Polaroid brought a patent-infringement lawsuit against Kodak, and eventually Kodak was forced to stop manufacture of both the camera and film. Kodak was also left to pay a settlement to some customers who were left without a way to use their now-defunct cameras. It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: Article lacks notability If you can address this concern by improving, copyediting, sourcing, renaming or merging the page, please edit this page and do so. ...
Konica ) was a Japanese manufacturer of, among other products, film, film cameras, camera accessories, photographic and photo-processing equipment, photocopiers, fax machines and laser printers. ...
Minolta was a Japanese worldwide manufacturer of cameras, camera accessories, photo-copiers, fax machines and laser printers. ...
Eastman Kodak Company (NYSE: EK) is a large multinational public company producing photographic equipment. ...
SX-70 with electronic flash attachment SX-70 folded up. ...
In more recent years, Fujifilm has introduced a line of instant cameras and film. This includes film compatible with certain Polaroid models. None are sold officially in the United States, although the Polaroid-compatible film is available through some larger photographic suppliers. Fujifilm Holdings Corporation, or Fujifilm, is a Japanese company known for its photographic film and cameras. ...
Usage Instant cameras have found many uses throughout their history. The original purpose of instant cameras can be encapsulated by Jennifer Land's question to her father (Edwin Land): "Why can't I see them now?" Many people have enjoyed seeing their photos shortly after taking them, allowing them to recompose or retake the photo if they didn't get it right. But instant cameras were found to be useful for other purposes such as ID cards, passport photos, ultrasound photos, and other uses which required an instant photo. They were also used by police officers and fire investigators because of their ability to create an unalterable instant photo. Medium and large format professional photographers have also used the higher end instant cameras to preview lighting before taking the more expensive medium and/or large format photo. Instant film also has been used in ways that are similar to folk art, including the transfer of the images/emulsion and image manipulation. With the advent of digital photography, much of the instant camera's consumer appeal has been transferred to the digital cameras. Even passport photo cameras have gone to digital, leaving instant cameras to a niche market. For the band, see The Police. ...
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
10 MP Nikon D200 and a Nikon film scanner The Canon EOS 350D The Canon PowerShot A95 Digital photography, as opposed to film photography, uses electronic devices to record and capture the image as binary data. ...
Digital cameras are a remarkable advance in technology. ...
Taking an instant photograph Edwin Land's original idea behind instant photography was to create a photographic system that was seamless and easy for anyone to use. The first Roll film cameras required the photographer to use a light meter to take a reading of the light level, then to set the exposure setting on the lens. Then the lens was focused and the subject framed in the popular medium format. After the picture was taken, the photographer flipped a switch and pulled the large tab in the back of the camera to pull the negative over the positive, through some rollers to spread the developing agent. After the picture developed inside the camera for the required time, the photographer opened the small door in the camera back and peeled the positive from the negative.
Pack film cameras operated in a similar manner except for the fact that most of these cameras had automatic exposure. The development of the film required the photographer pull two tabs, the second tab which pulled the positive/negative "sandwich" from the camera, where it developed outside the camera. If the temperature was below 60°F, the positive/negative "sandwich" was placed between two aluminum plates and placed either in your pocket or under your arm to keep it warm while developing. After the required development time (15 seconds - 2 minutes), the positive was peeled apart from the negative.
Integral film cameras, such as the SX-70, 600 series, Spectra, and Captiva cameras went a long way in accomplishing Edwin Land's goal of creating a seamless process in producing photos. The photographer simply pointed the camera at the subject, framed it, and took the photo. The camera did the rest, including adjusting the exposure settings, taking care of focusing, utilizing a flash if necessary, and ejecting the film, which developed without intervention from the photographer.
See also Instant film is a photographic film that is designed to be used in an instant camera. ...
The Land camera was the first instant camera. It was invented by Edwin Land, founder of Polaroid. ...
Polaroid Corporation was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land. ...
SX-70 with electronic flash attachment SX-70 folded up. ...
External links
Patents - U.S. Patent 2,435,720 – Apparatus for exposing and processing photographic film
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