Institutionalinvestors that invest in bonds, particularly section 144A bonds, and in structured debt generally buy these financial instruments to hold rather than resell and are frequently held only by the original purchaser.
Therefore, institutionalinvestors that are bondholders and structured debt holders which have suffered losses due to financial fraud, generally, can only recover losses through securities litigation and not through the netting of “winning” transactions from other bond purchases.
Therefore, institutionalinvestors that purchase equity in a company in which systemic fraud is present may unwittingly receive some “winning” transaction, but may wish to seek recovery of assets from the company and its officers and directors to further dissuade the systemic fraud.
Investors in all the European Union countries combined held 30.8% of the ten-country total, followed by Japan with 11.3%, the UK with 8.5%, and France and Germany with 5.3% and 4.6% respectively.
Institutionalinvestors in the Netherlands increased their equity asset allocation by 27 percentage points, primarily at the expense of loans.
Institutionalinvestors in the U.S. increased their equity asset allocation by 21 percentage points, and decreased their bond asset allocation by 13 percentage points.