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Politics and government of
the European Union Politics, sometimes defined as the art and science of government[1], is a process by which collective decisions are made within groups. ...
Image File history File links European_flag. ...
The European Union or EU is a supranational and intergovernmental union of 25 European states. ...
| | | Three pillars The Treaty of Maastricht which established the European Union, divided EU policies into three main areas, called pillars. ...
- Pillar I: European Community
- Pillar II: Common Foreign and Sec. Policy
- Pillar III: Police and Judicial Cooperation
Political Institutions The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ...
The Common Foreign and Security Policy or CFSP was established as the second of the three pillars of the European Union in the Maastricht treaty of 1992, and further defined and broadened in the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997. ...
Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters is the third of the three pillars of the European Union, focusing on co-operation in law enforcement and combating racism. ...
- Commission
- President (José Barroso)
- Barroso Commission
- Council of Ministers & European Council
- Presidency (Austria)
- Parliament
- President (Josep Borrell)
- MEPs
- Constituencies
- Elections (2004 / By country)
- Party groups
- Committees
Judiciary The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ...
The President of the European Commission is notionally the highest ranking unelected official within the European Union. ...
This article needs to be updated. ...
The Barroso Commission is the European Commission that has been in office since 22 November 2004 and is due to serve until 31 October 2009. ...
The Council of the European Union forms, along with the European Parliament, the legislative arm of the European Union (EU). ...
The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ...
Presidency of the Council of the European Union refers to the responsibility of presiding over all aspects of the Council of the European Union, when exercised collectively by a government, on a pre-established rota of the member states, of the European Union. ...
The European Parliament is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ...
The President of the European Parliament oversees all the activities of the European Parliament and its constituent bodies. ...
Josep Borrell Josep Borrell Fontelles (born April 24, 1947) is a Spanish politician. ...
A Member of the European Parliament (English abbreviation MEP) is a member of the European Unions directly-elected legislative body, the European Parliament. ...
In five European Union Member States (Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy and the United Kingdom), the national territory is divided into a number of constituencies for European elections. ...
Elections in the European Union gives information on election and election results in the European Union. ...
Elections to the European Parliament were held from June 10, 2004 to June 13, 2004 in the 25 member states of the European Union, using varying election days according to local custom. ...
Party groups in the European Parliament combine the MEPs from European political parties, informal European political blocs, and independents. ...
The Standing Committees of the European Parliament are designed to aid the European Commission in initiating legislation. ...
- Court of Justice
- Court of First Instance
- Civil Service Tribunal
- Patent Tribunal
Advisory bodies The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is formally known as the Court of Justice of the European Communities, i. ...
The Court of First Instance, created in 1989, is a court of the European Union. ...
European Union Civil Service Tribunal, since December 2, 2005 a new specialised tribunal within the European Union institutional framework. ...
- Economic and Social Committee
- Committee of the Regions
Financial bodies The European Unions Economic and Social Committee is the consultative assembly of European social and economic partners. This phrase refers mainly to representatives of business, employers and trade unions. ...
The Committee of the Regions (CoR) is an institution of the European Union created by the Treaty of Maastricht. ...
- European Central Bank
- European Investment Bank
- European Investment Fund
Decentralised bodies The ECB building in Frankfurt The European Central Bank (ECB) (French: Banque Centrale Europeénne, German: Europäische Zentralbank) The ECB is one of the worlds largest central banks, being in charge of fiscal and monetary policy for the European Unions official currency, the euro, which is - to...
The European Investment Bank (the Banque Européenne dInvestissement) is the European Unions financing institution and was established under the Treaty of Rome (1957) to provide loan finance for capital investment furthering European Union policy objectives, in particular regional development, Trans-European Networks of transport, telecommunications and energy...
The European Investment Fund, established in 1994, is a European Union agency for the provision of finance to SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises). ...
- Agencies of the EU
Law The agencies of the European Union (or decentralised bodies of the European Union) are bodies which are distinct from the European Unions institutions, in that they have not been created by the treaties but rather by acts of secondary legislation, in order to accomplish a very specific task. ...
The European Union is unique among international organisations in having a complex and highly developed system of internal law which has direct effect within the legal systems of its member states. ...
- Acquis communautaire
- Procedure
- Treaties
- Regulations - Directives - Decisions
- Recommendations - Opinions
EU-related topics The French term acquis (or sometimes acquis communautaire) is used in European Union law to refer to the total body of EU law accumulated so far. ...
The European Union legislative procedure describes the way the European Union creates and enacts legislation across the community. ...
The treaties of the European Union are effectively its constitutional law, making up the EUs primary legislation. ...
A European Union Directive is the (mutually binding) collective decision made by the member states, acting through their national Government Ministers in the Council of the European Union and the Parliament. ...
A European Union decision (defined in Article 249/EC) is one of the three binding instruments provide by secondary EU legislation. ...
In European Union Law a recommendation Differs from regulations, directives and decisions, in that they are not binding for Member States. ...
// Origins of the EU History of the European Union European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) Euratom Single market. ...
- Economic and Monetary Union
- Enlargement
- Foreign relations
- Pan-European political parties
- Table of affiliated parties by country
- Party affiliations on the Council
| | See also: History of the_European_Union | | edit In economics, a monetary union is a situation where several countries have agreed to share a single currency among them. ...
The European Union (EU) was originally created by the six founding states in 1952, but has grown to its current size of 25 member states. ...
Foreign relations of the European Union Foreign relations of Austria Foreign relations of Belgium Foreign relations of Cyprus Foreign relations of the Czech Republic Foreign relations of Denmark Foreign relations of Estonia Foreign relations of Finland Foreign relations of France Foreign relations of Germany Foreign relations of Greece Foreign relations...
A European political party, or formally a political party at European level, is a type of political party organization in the European Union, eligible to receive funding from the Union. ...
The majority of major political parties in Europe have aligned themselves into the pan-European political organisations listed below. ...
The member-states of the European Union by the European party affiliations of their leaders, as of April, 2006. ...
Council and Commission. ...
| An Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) is the formal procedure for negotiating amendments to the founding treaties of the European Union. Under the treaties, an IGC is called into being by the European Council, and is composed of representatives of the member states, with the Commission, and to a lesser degree the Parliament also participating. The European Council, informally called the European summit, is a meeting of the heads of state or government of the European Union, and the President of the European Commission. ...
The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive body of the European Union. ...
The European Parliament is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ...
An IGC will conclude with a meeting of the European Council, at which any political issues requiring resolution at the level of Heads of State or Government will be resolved, and final political agreement will be reached. A final treaty text in each of the community languages (and also Irish) will then be prepared by the legal and linguistic experts of the member states, before being presented to the member states for signature and ratification.
There was much criticism of the functioning of this process in the negotiation of the Treaty of Nice in 2001, especially in regard to the Nice European Council which concluded the IGC. The next IGC, due to meet in October, 2003, was prepared for by the Convention on the Future of Europe, which was modelled after the Convention which negotiated the Charter of Fundamental Rights. One of the recommendations of the Convention is that a convention be used to prepare for future IGCs; whether this recommendation is adopted by the member states will depend on their judgement of the Convention process. Nice Treaty The Treaty of Nice is a treaty adopted in Nice by the European Council to amend the two founding treaties of the European Union: the Treaty on European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, which introduced the Euro and the 3-pillar structure of the EU; the Treaty of Rome...
The European Convention, sometimes known as the Convention on the Future of Europe, was a body established by the European Council in December 2001 as a result of the Laeken Declaration. ...
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union is a document containing human rights provisions, solemnly proclaimed by the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union, and the European Commission in December 2000. ...
External links
- http://ue.eu.int/igc/
- The IGC of 2000
- Intergovernmental conference, IGC entry on the EUABC web directory euabc.com
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