NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Intermembrane space of mitochondria

Because of channels in the outer membrane of the mitochondria, the content of the intermembrane space is similar to that of the content of the cytoplasm. Image File history File links Diagram_of_a_human_mitochondrion. ... Image File history File links Diagram_of_a_human_mitochondrion. ... Mitochondria structure : 1) Inner membrane 2) Outer membrane 3) Crista 4) Matrix The outer membrane refers to the outside membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, the chloroplast, or the mitochondria. ...

As electrons move down the proteins in the electron transport chain, the electrons lose energy to bring H+ ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space. As a concentration gradient of hydrogen ions forms, a protein called ATP synthase harnesses the potential energy of these ions and starts chemiosmosis, where the H+ ions reenter the matrix via this enzyme bound to the cristae (folds of the inner membrane). ADP and a phosphate group are combined to form ATP. The Electron Transport Chain. ... In biology, the word matrix is used for the material between animal or plant cells, or generally the material (or tissue) in which more specialized structures are embedded, and also specifically for one part of the mitochondrion. ... General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ... An electrostatic potential map of the nitrate ion (NO3âˆ’). Areas coloured red are lower in energy than areas colored yellow An ion is an atom or group of atoms which have lost or gained one or more electrons, making them negatively or positively charged. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... An ATP synthase (EC 3. ... Chemiosmosis is the diffusion of ions across a membrane. ... Cristae are the infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. ... Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide that is most important as a molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ...

Category: Cell anatomy In cell biology, a mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... KYNU is a PLP dependent enzyme that catalyses the cleavage of Kyn (Kynurenine) and 3hKyn (3-hydroxy-kynurenine) into Ant (Anthranilate) and 3hAnt (3-hydroxy-anthranilate), respectively. ... Monoamine oxidase Monoamine oxidases (singular abbreviation MAO) (EC 1. ... Adenylate kinase (also known as ADK) is a phosphotransferase enzyme (EC 2. ... Creatine Kinase Creatine kinase (CK), also known as phosphocreatine kinase or creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is an enzyme (EC 2. ... Mitochondria structure: (1) inner membrane, (2) outer membrane, (3)cristae, (4) matrix The mitochondrial inner membrane forms internal compartments known as cristae, which allow greater space for the proteins such as cytochromes to function properly and efficiently. ... CoQ Cytochrome c reductase The Coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase complex, sometimes called the cytochrome bc1 complex, and at other times Complex III, is the third complex in the electron transfer chain (PDB 1KYO, EC 1. ... Cytochrome c with heme c. ... Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is an enzyme involved in pyrimidine biosynthesis. ... Glutamate aspartate transporter is a protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane which is part of the malate-aspartate shuttle. ... Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase converts glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. ... NADH dehydrogenase NADH dehydrogenase (EC 1. ... Succinate - coenzyme Q reductase also called succinate dehydrogenase is an enzyme complex found in the matrix part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. ... In biology, the word matrix is used for the material between animal or plant cells, or generally the material (or tissue) in which more specialized structures are embedded, and also specifically for one part of the mitochondrion. ... Aconitase (aconitate hydratase; EC 4. ... Aspartate transaminase (AST) also called Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) or aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) (EC 2. ... The enzyme associated with the chemical transformation from acetaldehyde to acetic acid is aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (ALDH2). ... Insert non-formatted text here--212. ... The enzyme citrate synthase (E.C. 2. ... Fumarase is an enzyme involved in the Krebs Cycle that catalyzes the hydration (addition of H2O across a double bond) of Fumarate to L-malate (the natural optical isomer of a protein as apposed to the d isomer) Fumarase Deficiency In humans, Fumarase Deficiency is an enzyme irregularity that causes... Glutamate dehydrogenase is an enzyme, present in mitochondria, as are some of the other enzymes required for urea synthesis, that converts glutamate to Î±-Ketoglutarate, and vice versa. ... Isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1. ... Categories: Biochemistry stubs | EC 1. ... Ornithine transcarbamoylase(EC 2. ... Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (aka α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) is an enzyme most commonly known for its role in the citric acid cycle. ... Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is a complex of three enzymes that transform pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by a process called pyruvate decarboxylation. ... Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase catalyzes the formation of succinyl-CoA, a 4-carbon metabolite, from succinate and coenzyme-A. Johnson et al. ... Mitochondrial DNA (some captions in German) Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the DNA located in organelles called mitochondria. ... NADH dehydrogenase NADH dehydrogenase (EC 1. ... CoQ Cytochrome c reductase The Coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase complex, sometimes called the cytochrome bc1 complex, and at other times Complex III, is the third complex in the electron transfer chain (PDB 1KYO, EC 1. ... Cytochrome c oxidase The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (PDB 2OCC, EC 1. ... An ATP synthase (EC 3. ...

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