Logo of the World Bank

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is one of the five institutions consisting the World Bank Group. The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means of financing states. Its operation is maintained through payments as regulated by member states. It came into existence on December 27, 1945 following international ratification of the agreements reached at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference of July 1 to July 22, 1944 in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. File links The following pages link to this file: World Bank Categories: Logos ... File links The following pages link to this file: World Bank Categories: Logos ... Logo of the World Bank The World Bank Group is a group of five international organizations responsible for providing finance to countries for purposes of development and poverty reduction, and for encouraging and safeguarding international investment. ... An international organization (also called intergovernmental organization) is an organization of international scope or character. ... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows his find. ... A state is an organized political community occupying a definite territory, having an organized government, and possessing internal and external sovereignty. ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, commonly known as Bretton Woods conference, was a gathering of 730 delegates from all 45 Allied nations at the Mount Washington Hotel, situated in the resort town of Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. ... July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 22 July is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Bretton Woods, New Hampshire is an area within the town of Carroll whose principal points of interest are three leisure and recreation facilities. ...

The IBRD provides loans to governments and public enterprises, always with a government (or "sovereign") guarantee of repayment. The funds for this lending come primarily from the issuing of World Bank bonds on the global capital markets - typically $12-15 billion per year. These bonds are rated AAA (the highest possible) because they are backed by member states' share capital, as well as by borrowers' sovereign guarantees. (In addition, loans that are repaid are recycled (relent).) Because of the IBRD's credit rating, it is able to borrow at relatively low interest rates. As most developing countries have considerably lower credit ratings, the IBRD can lend to countries at interest rates that are usually quite attractive to them, even after adding a small margin (about 1%) to cover administrative overheads. In finance, a bond is a debt security, that is the issuer owes the holders a debt and is obliged to pay the principal and interest (the coupon), together with other obligations under the term of the issue, such as the obligation to give certain information. ... The capital market is the market for bonds and stocks. ...

History

Commencing operations on June 25, 1946, it approved its first loan on May 9, 1947 ($250m to France for postwar reconstruction, in real terms the largest loan issued by the Bank to date). June 25 is the 176th day of the year (177th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 189 days remaining. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... In economics, the distinction between nominal and real numbers is often made. ...

The IBRD was established mainly as a vehicle for reconstruction of Europe and Japan after World War II, with an additional mandate to foster economic growth in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Originally the bank focused mainly on large-scale infrastructure projects, building highways, airports, and powerplants. As Japan and its European client countries "graduated" (achieved certain levels of income per capita), the IBRD became focused entirely on developing countries. Since the early 1990s the IBRD has also provided financing to the post-Socialist states of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Mitchell Freeway in Perth, Western Australia For other uses, see Highway (disambiguation). ... A powerplant can mean: An aircraft engine (usually used in countries other than the U.S.) A power plant (a large facility that uses materials to generate electricity) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Pre-1989 division between the West (grey) and Eastern Bloc (orange) superimposed on current national boundaries: Russia (dark orange), other countries of the former USSR (medium orange) and other former communist regimes (light orange). ...