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The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is the entity that oversees global IP address allocation, DNS root zone management, and other Internet protocol assignments. It is operated by ICANN. Image File history File links Iana. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
“DNS†redirects here. ...
The AMS-IX mirror of the K root-server. ...
ICANN (pronounced I can) is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. ...
Prior to the establishment of ICANN for this purpose, IANA was administered primarily by Jon Postel at the Information Sciences Institute at the University of Southern California, under a contract USC/ISI had with the United States Department of Defense, until ICANN was formed to assume the responsibility under a United States Department of Commerce contract. ICANN (pronounced I can) is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. ...
Jon Postel (Photo by Irene Fertik, USC News Service. ...
ÂÂThe Information Sciences Institute (ISI) of the University of Southern California is involved in a broad spectrum of information processing research and in the development of advanced computer and communication technologies. ...
The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly as Southern Cal[4]), located in the University Park neighborhood in Los Angeles, California, USA, was founded in 1880, making it Californias oldest private research university. ...
The United States Department of Defense (DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the military. ...
The United States Department of Commerce is a Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting economic growth. ...
IANA's responsibilities
IANA is broadly responsible for the allocation of globally-unique names and numbers that are used in Internet protocols that are published as RFC documents. It maintains a close liaison with the IETF and RFC Editor in fulfilling this function. In internetworking and computer network engineering, Request for Comments (RFC) documents are a series of memoranda encompassing new research, innovations, and methodologies applicable to Internet technologies. ...
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is charged with developing and promoting Internet standards. ...
Alternate meaning: Wikipedia:Requests for comment A Request for Comments (RFC) document is one of a series of numbered Internet informational documents and standards very widely followed by both commercial software and freeware in the Internet and Unix communities. ...
In the case of relatively high-profile subsets of protocol numbers - namely IP addresses and domain names, extra policy and handling is required and the allocation process is handled in more specific methods. This is to cope with the multi-layered administration of these resources. An IP address is a unique number, akin to a telephone number, used by machines (usually computers) to refer to each other when sending information through the Internet using the Internet Protocol. ...
The Domain Name System or DNS is a system that stores information about host names and domain names in a kind of distributed database on networks, such as the Internet. ...
IP addresses IANA delegates local registrations of IP addresses to Regional Internet Registries (RIRs). Each RIR allocates addresses for a different area of the world. Collectively the RIRs form part of the Number Resource Organization formed as a body to represent their collective interests and ensure that policy statements are co-ordinated globally. A Regional Internet Registry (RIR) is an organisation overseeing the allocation and registration of Internet number resources within a particular region of the world. ...
The Number Resource Organization (NRO) is an unincorporated organisation reuniting four Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) - APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC and RIPE NCC. It came into existence on October 24, 2003, when the four RIRs entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in order to undertake joint activities, including joint technical projects...
IANA delegates the allocation of IPv4 addresses to RIRs in large chunks (typically in the size of "/8", or 224 addresses, or more at a time), and the RIRs then subsequently re-allocate smaller chunks in the regions to ISPs and other organisations. Internet Protocol version 4 is the fourth iteration of the Internet Protocol (IP) and it is the first version of the protocol to be widely deployed. ...
There is also a process for the delegation and allocation of IPv6 addresses, but there is currently little delegation pressure on blocks of IPv6 addresses, as supply vastly exceeds demand. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a network layer protocol for packet-switched internetworks. ...
Domain names IANA administers the data in the root nameservers, which is the top of the hierarchial DNS tree. This task involves liaising with top-level domain operators, as well as root nameserver operators, and ICANN's policy making apparatus. The AMS-IX mirror of the K root-server. ...
A top-level domain (TLD) is the last part of an Internet domain name; that is, the letters which follow the final dot of any domain name. ...
It also operates the .int registry for intergovernmental organisations, the .arpa zone for protocol administration purposes, and other critical zones such as root-servers.net. .int is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) used on the Internets Domain Name System. ...
.arpa is an Internet top-level domain (TLD) used exclusively for Internet-infrastructure purposes. ...
Protocol parameters IANA administers those parameters of IETF protocols for which a central registry is necessary. Examples include the names of URI schemes and of character encodings approved for use on the Internet. This task is undertaken under the oversight of the Internet Architecture Board, and the agreement governing the work is published in RFC 2860. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is charged with developing and promoting Internet standards. ...
A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), is a compact string of characters used to identify or name a resource. ...
A character encoding or character set (sometimes referred to as code page) consists of a code that pairs a sequence of characters from a given set with something else, such as a sequence of natural numbers, octets or electrical pulses, in order to facilitate the storage of text in computers...
The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) is the committee charged with oversight of the technical and engineering development of the Internet by the Internet Society (ISOC). ...
Oversight IANA is managed by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) under contract to the United States Department of Commerce (DOC). The Department of Commerce also provides an ongoing oversight function, whereby it verifies additions and changes made in the root to ensure IANA complies with its policies. ICANN is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. ...
The United States Department of Commerce is a Cabinet department of the United States government concerned with promoting economic growth. ...
On January 28, 2003 the DOC, via the Acquisition and Grants Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, issued a notice of intent to grant ICANN the IANA contract for three more years. It invited alternative offerors to submit in writing a detailed response on how they could meet the requirements themselves. Such responses were to be received no later than 10 days following publication of the invitation and the decision on whether to open the "tender" to competition was to remain solely within the discretion of the government. January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is a scientific agency of the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere. ...
In August 2006 the DOC extended its IANA contract with ICANN for a further five years, subject to annual renewals.[1]
The relationship between ICANN and the ccTLDs and RIRs can best be described as highly political, and there have been a number of proposals to decouple the IANA function from ICANN completely, but it has been recognized as impractical to change the current control structure without risking fracturing the Internet. A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ...
A Regional Internet Registry (RIR) is an organisation overseeing the allocation and registration of Internet number resources within a particular region of the world. ...
History of IANA IANA was established informally as a reference to various technical functions the Information Sciences Institute performed for the United States Department of Defense Advanced Research Project Agency on the ARPANET. ÂÂThe Information Sciences Institute (ISI) of the University of Southern California is involved in a broad spectrum of information processing research and in the development of advanced computer and communication technologies. ...
The United States Department of Defense (DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the military. ...
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. ...
ARPANET logical map, March 1977. ...
The earliest reference to a registry function is probably RFC 322, published on March 26, 1972, which had Vint Cerf and Jon Postel establishing a "socket registry" - this registry was published in the RFC series as RFC 433 in December 1972. 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ...
Vinton Gray Cerf (born June 23, 1943) is an American computer scientist who is commonly referred to as one of the founding fathers of the Internet for his key technical and managerial role, together with Bob Kahn, in the creation of the Internet and the TCP/IP protocols which it...
Jon Postel (Photo by Irene Fertik, USC News Service. ...
The first reference to the name "IANA" in the RFC series is in RFC 1060, published in 1990, but the function, and the term, was well established long before that; RFC 1174 says that "Throughout its entire history, the Internet system has employed a central Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)...", and RFC 1060 lists a long series of earlier editions of itself, starting with RFC 349.
Jon Postel managed the IANA function from its inception until his passing in October 1998. After his death, Joyce Reynolds, who had worked with him on IANA for many years, managed the transition of the IANA function to ICANN. Jon Postel (Photo by Irene Fertik, USC News Service. ...
Joyce K. Reynolds is a computer science professor who has been active in the development of the protocols underlying the Internet. ...
The reason why Postel had the authority to perform the IANA function was that he had always done it in his position at the Information Sciences Institute, under its DOD contract, and did it well.
Starting in 1988, IANA was funded by the US government under a contract between the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and Information Sciences Institute (ISI). This contract expired in April 1997, but was extended to preserve IANA's function. 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. ...
ÂÂThe Information Sciences Institute (ISI) of the University of Southern California is involved in a broad spectrum of information processing research and in the development of advanced computer and communication technologies. ...
On December 24, 1998, USC entered into a transition agreement with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN, transferring the IANA function to ICANN, effective January 1, 1999. ICANN (pronounced I can) is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. ...
On February 8, 2000, the DoC entered into an agreement with ICANN to perform the IANA functions.
In June 1999, at its Oslo meeting, IETF signed an agreement with ICANN on the tasks that IANA would perform for the IETF; this is published as RFC 2860. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is charged with developing and promoting Internet standards. ...
ICANN (pronounced I can) is the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. ...
In November 2003, Doug Barton was appointed IANA manager. 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
In 2005, David Conrad was appointed as IANA manager. 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
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