An intussusception is a situation in which a part of the intestine has prolapsed into another section of intestine, similar to the way in which the parts of a collapsible telescope slide into one another.^[1] The part which prolapses into the other is called the intussusceptum, and the part which receives it is called the intussuscipiens. The most frequent type of intussusception is one in which the ileum enters the cecum, however other types are known to occur, such as when a part of the ileum or jejunum prolapses into itself. Almost all intussusceptions occur with the intussusceptum having been located proximally to the intussuscipiens. The reason for this is that peristaltic action of the intestine pulls the proximal segment into the distal segment. There are, however, rare reports of the opposite being true. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following codes are used with International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... // K00-K93 - Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (K01) Embedded and impacted teeth (K02) Dental caries (K03) Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth (K04) Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues (K040) Pulpitis (K05... // K00-K93 - Diseases of the digestive system (K00-K14) Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands and jaws (K00) Disorders of tooth development and eruption (K01) Embedded and impacted teeth (K02) Dental caries (K03) Other diseases of hard tissues of teeth (K04) Diseases of pulp and periapical tissues (K040) Pulpitis (K05... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The Diseases Database is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ... MedlinePlus (medlineplus. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... In anatomy, the intestine is the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine (or colon). ... Prolapse literally means To fall out of place. ... 50 cm refracting telescope at Nice Observatory. ... Grays Fig. ... In anatomy of the digestive system, the cecum or caecum is a pouch connected to the large intestine between the ileum. ... Diagram of the Human Intestine In anatomy of the digestive system, the jejunum is the central of the three divisions of the small intestine and lies between the duodenum and the ileum. ... In zootomy, several terms are used to describe the location of organs and other structures in the body of bilateral animals. ... In much of the digestive tract, muscles contract in sequence to produce a peristaltic wave which forces food (called bolus while in the esophagus and chyme below the esophagus) along the alimentary canal. ...

Intussusception in humans is almost exclusively a disease of the young, usually those between 2 months and 36 months old. It occurs more frequently in boys than in girls, with a ratio of approximately 3:1.^[2]

In adults, intussusception represents the cause of approximately 1% of bowel obstructions and is frequently associated with neoplasm, malignant or otherwise.^[3] Bowel obstruction is a mechanical blockage of the intestines, preventing the normal transit of the products of digestion. ... Neoplasia (literally: new growth) is sudden and abnormal growth in a tissue or organ. ... Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to spread, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion, or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis (where cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system). ...

Symptoms

Early symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, and intermittent moderate to severe crampy abdominal pain. Later signs include rectal bleeding, often with red currant jelly stool (stool mixed with blood and mucus), and lethargy. Physical examination may reveal a mass felt upon palpation of the abdomen. For other uses, see Nausea (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Abdominal pain can be one of the symptoms associated with transient disorders or serious disease. ... Rectal bleeding can refer to: Fecal occult blood Hematochezia Melena Category: ... Palpation is a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional). ...

In children too young to communicate their symptoms verbally, they may cry, draw their knees up to their chest or experience dyspnea with paroxsyms of pain. Cry may refer to: The mammalian behavior that brings about tears Usually an expression of a sad emotion A song, from an album of the same name, released in 2002 by the band Simple Minds A single released in 2002 by American pop artist Mandy Moore This is a disambiguation... Dyspnea (Latin dyspnoea, Greek dyspnoia from dyspnoos, short of breath) or shortness of breath (SOB) is perceived difficulty breathing or pain on breathing. ...

Fever is not a symptom of intussusception, per se. However, intussusception can cause a loop of bowel to become necrotic. This leads to perforation and sepsis, which causes fever. An analogue medical thermometer showing the temperature of 38. ... Necrosis (in Greek Νεκρός = Dead) is the name given to unprogrammed death of cells/living tissue (compare with apoptosis - programmed cell death). ... Sepsis (in Greek Σήψις, putrefaction) is a serious medical condition, resulting from the immune response to a severe infection. ...

Diagnosis

Intussusception is often suspected based on history and physical exam, including observation of Dance's sign. Per rectal examination is particularly helpful in children as part of the intussusceptum may be felt by the finger. An x-ray, ultrasound, or computerized tomography of the abdomen may demonstrate the problem, or in the most critical cases the child may be taken to the operating room immediately to repair whatever is causing the problem, be it intussusception or some other problem. Dances sign is an eponymous medical sign consisting of an investigation of the right lower quadrant of the abdomen for retraction, which can be an indication of intussusception. ... In the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. An X-ray picture (radiograph) taken by Röntgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz... A fetus in its mothers womb, viewed in a sonogram (brightness scan) A fetus, aged 29 weeks, in a 3D ultrasound Ultrasound is sound with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing, this limit being approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz). ... CAT apparatus in a hospital Computed axial tomography (CAT), computer-assisted tomography, computed tomography, CT, or body section roentgenography is the process of using digital processing to generate a three-dimensional image of the internals of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around... A cardiothoracic surgeon performs a mitral valve replacement at the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center. ...

Treatment

When the condition is not immediately life-threatening, the intussusception is usually treated with either a barium enema or an air-contrast enema, which both confirms the diagnosis of intussusception, and in most cases successfully reduces it. The success rate is over 80%. However approximately 10% of these recur within 24 hours. This 2qt (about 2 liters) enema bag, or fountain syringe, equipped with a rectal nozzle, is to be filled with water or a solution, then suspended near the patient using the hook. ...

If it cannot be reduced by an enema or if the intestine is damaged, then a surgical reduction is necessary. In a surgical reduction, the abdomen is opened and the part that has telescoped in is pulled out manually by the surgeon or if the surgeon is unable to successfully reduce it or the bowel is damaged, the affected section will be resected. Often, the intussusception can be reduced by laparoscopy, whereby the segments of intestine are pulled apart by forceps.

Prognosis

Intussusception is a medical emergency, as it will eventually cause death if not reduced. When an intussusception or any other severe medical problem is suspected, the person must be taken to a hospital immediately, or if that is not possible a call for help must be made. A medical emergency is an injury or illness that poses an immediate threat to a persons health or life which requires help from a doctor or hospital. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Distress call. ...

The outlook for intussusception is excellent when treated quickly, and when untreated it leads to death within 2–5 days. Fast treatment is a necessity, because the longer the intestine segment is prolapsed the longer it goes without bloodflow, and the less effective a non-surgical reduction will be. Prolonged intussusception also increases the likelihood of bowel ischemia and necrosis, requiring surgical resection.

Footnotes