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An ion source is an electro-magnetic device that is used to create charged particles. These are used primarily within mass spectrometers or particle accelerators. Shortcut: WP:CU Marking articles for cleanup This page is undergoing a transition to an easier-to-maintain format. ...
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Basic schematic of a mass spectrometer Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or in common speech mass-spec) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ...
A particle accelerator uses electric fields to propel charged particles to great energies. ...
Mass spectrometry In mass spectrometry, an ion source is a piece of equipment used to ionize analyte molecules and, if necessary, free them from the solid or liquid phase. Once the analyte ions are free to move electric fields will direct them into the mass analyzer. Basic schematic of a mass spectrometer Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or in common speech mass-spec) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ...
Multivalent redirects here. ...
In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ...
There are several types of ion sources:
Electron ionization (EI, formerly known as electron impact) is an ionization technique widely used in mass spectrometry, particularly for organic molecules. ...
Chemical ionization (CI) is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. ...
Fast atom bombardment (FAB) is an ionization technique used in mass spectrometry in which an analyte and liquid matrix mixture is bombarded by a ~8KeV particle beam of usually inert gas such as argon or xenon. ...
Field desorption (FD)/field ionization (FI) refers to an ion source for mass spectrometry first reported by Beckey in 1969. ...
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry, allowing, among other things, the ionization of biomolecules (biopolymers such as proteins, peptides and sugars) which tend to be more fragile and quickly lose structure when ionized by more conventional ionization methods. ...
Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) is an ionization source used in mass spectrometry. ...
Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a technique used in mass spectrometry to produce ions. ...
DARTtm refers to an atmospheric-pressure ion source for mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry that permits analysis of gases, liquids, solids, or materials on surfaces in open air at ground potential under ambient conditions. ...
In particle accelerators In particle accelerators an ion source creates a particle beam at the beginning of the machine, the Source. The technology to create ion sources for particle accelerators depends strongly on the type of particle that needs to be generated: electrons, protons, H-Minus ion or a heavy ion. A 1960s single stage 2 MeV linear Van de Graaff accelerator, here opened for maintenance A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electrically charged particles to high speeds and magnetic fields to contain them. ...
In order to create a particle beam one must have a section called an ion source in which the beam is created by exciting electrons. ...
The electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries an electric charge. ...
// For alternative meanings see proton (disambiguation). ...
Heavy-ion refers to ion of atom which is usually heavier than carbon. ...
Electrons are generated with an electron gun, and there are many varieties of these. Electron gun from a cathode ray tube An electron gun is a component that produces an electron stream that has a precise kinetic energy, being used in all TVs and monitors which use cathode ray tube technology, and in other instruments, eg. ...
Protons are generated with a plasma-based device, like a duoplasmatron or a magnetron. For other uses, see Plasma. ...
Duoplasmatron, an invention of Manfred von Ardenne, is a type of ion beam source. ...
A cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates coherent microwaves. ...
H-Minus ions are generated with a magnetron or a Penning source. A magnetron consists of a central cylindrical cathode surrounded by an anode. The discharge voltage is typically greater than 150 V and the current drain is around 40 A. A magnetic field of about 0.2 tesla is parallel to the cathode axis. Hydrogen gas is introduced by a pulsed gas valve. Cesium is often used to lower the work function of the cathode, enhancing the amount of ions that are produced. A cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates coherent microwaves. ...
Penning ionization is a form of chemi-ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms and/or molecules. ...
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The tesla (symbol T) is the SI derived unit of magnetic flux density (or magnetic induction). ...
Diagram of a copper cathode in a Daniells cell. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number Caesium, Cs, 55 Series Alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1(IA), 6, s Density, Hardness 1879 kg/m3, 0. ...
The work function is the minimum energy (usually measured in electron volts) needed to remove an electron from the Fermi level in a metal to a point at infinite distance away outside the surface. ...
For a Penning source, a strong magnetic field parallel to the electric field of the sheath guides electrons and ions on cyclotron spirals from cathode to cathode. Fast H-minus ions are generated at the cathodes as in the magnetron. They are slowed down due to the charge exchange reaction as they migrate to the plasma aperture. This makes for a beam of ions that is colder than the ions obtained from a magnetron. Penning ionization is a form of chemi-ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms and/or molecules. ...
Heavy ions are generated with an electron cyclotron resonance ion source. The use of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources for the production of intense beams of highly charged ions has immensely grown over the last decade. ECR ion sources are used as injectors into linear accelerators, Van-de-Graaff generators or cyclotrons in nuclear and elementary particle physics. In atomic and surface physics ECR ion sources deliver intense beams of highly charged ions for collision experiments or for the investigation of surfaces. Heavy-ion refers to ion of atom which is usually heavier than carbon. ...
Electron cyclotron resonance is a phenomenon observed both in plasma physics and condensed matter physics. ...
Theory of Operation Gas flows through the ion source between the anode and the cathode. A positive voltage is applied to the anode. This voltage, combined with the high magnetic field between the tips of the internal and external cathodes allow a plasma to start. Ions from the plasma are repelled by the anode electric field. This creates an ion beam. [1] Diagram of a zinc anode in a galvanic cell. ...
Diagram of a copper cathode in a Daniells cell. ...
International safety symbol Caution, risk of electric shock (ISO 3864), colloquially known as high voltage symbol. ...
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Look up plasma in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
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It has been suggested that optical field be merged into this article or section. ...
Ion Source Applications - Surface cleaning and pretreatment for large area deposition
- Thin-Film Deposition
- Deposition of Thick Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Films
- Surface roughening of polymers for improved adhesion and/or biocompatibility
[2] A polymer is a long, repeating chain of atoms, formed through the linkage of many molecules called monomers. ...
Dew drops adhering to a spider web Adhesion is the molecular attraction exerted between bodies in contact. ...
Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application. ...
References There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...
2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
See also Note: Principles are mostly the same for cold cathode ion sources as in particle accelerators to create electrons. ...
Note: Principals are mostly the same for hot cathode ion sources in particle accelerators to create electrons The Hot filament ionization gauge sometimes called a hot filament and hot cathode , is the most widely used vacuum (negative pressure) measuring device for the region from 10-1 to 10-9 pascals. ...
An RF antenna ion source or radio frequency antenna ion source is an internal multicusp design which can produce a particle beam of about ~30 to 40 mA beam current. ...
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