NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Iranian nationalism

Iranian Nationalism is the term given to describe a political movement that has been in existence in the Iran for centuries to maintain Iranian identity by keeping Iranian culture and Iranian languages and oppose cultural assimilation in the long history of Iran which dates back thousands of years. This image is copyrighted. ... This image is copyrighted. ... Derafsh Kaviani The legendary Flag of Iran is said to be the Derafshe Kaviani. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Current distribution of the Iranian languages. ... Iran is one of the worlds oldest continuous major civilizations. ...

1 History
2 Nationalist parties of Iran
3 References
4 See also
5 Further reading

History

First accounts of nationalism in Iran dates back to Iranian national hero Ferdowsi who dedicated his life to preserve the national identity, language and heritage of Iran by writing Shahnameh, a Persian national epic and masterpiece. Shahnameh introduced many national heroes who fought to keep their country standing. Ferdowsi Tousi (ÙØ±Ø¯ÙˆØ³ÛŒ Ø·ÙˆØ³ÛŒ in Persian) (more commonly transliterated Firdausi, Ferdosi or Ferdusi) (935â€“1020) is considered to be one of the greatest Persian poets to have ever lived. ... Shahnameh Scenes from the Shahnameh carved into reliefs at Tus, where Ferdowsi is buried. ... Persian, also called Farsi or Parsi, is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran (Persia), Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... A national epic is an epic poem or similar work which seeks or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation; not necessarily a nation-state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or autonomy. ... This is a list of personalities (both historical and legendary) who are considered national heroes by many in Iran. ...

Patrick Clawson writes: Patrick Clawson is the Deputy Director for Research at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. ...

"Since the days of the Achaemenids, the Iranians had the protection of geography. But high mountains and vast emptiness of the Iranian plateau were no longer enough to shield Iran from the Russian army or British navy. Both literally, and figuratively, Iran shrank. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Azerbaijan, Armenia, much of Georgia, and Afghanistan were Iranian, but by the end of the century, all this territory had been lost as a result of European military action. Iran translated her territorial losses into a sense of bopth victimization and a propensity to interpret European action through the lens of conspiracy. This in turn has helped shape Iranian nationalism into the twenty first century."^[1]

Modern nationalism in Iran dates back to 1906, when an almost bloodless constitutional revolution created Iran's first parliament. Reza Shah, helped shape Iranian nationalism by infusing it with a distinctly secular ideology, and diminishing the influence of Islam on Iran. In addition, Reza Shah sought to change the names of various towns to honor pre-Islamic Persian kings and mythological heroes, and to continue to reduce the power of the mullahs by seeking to modernize Iran.The Pahlavi dynasty thus was set irrevocably down the road towards infusing the country with a form of secular nationalism, a path that would eventually bring it into conflict with the country's clerical class. Iranian nationalism was a deciding force in the 1951 movement to nationalized Iran's oil wealth. Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Dynasty was a dynasty in the ancient Persian Empire, including Cyrus II the Great, Darius I and Xerxes I. At the height of their power, the Achaemenid rulers of Persia ruled over territories roughly emcompassing some parts of todays Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Persian Constitutional Revolution was a revolution in Iran against the despotic rule of the last Qajar Shah. ... مجلس شورای اسلامی - Iranian Parliament مجلس شورای اسلامی - Iranian Parliament The Majlis (مجلس), which means parliament or assembly in the Arabic language, was... Reza Shah the Great, also Reza Shah Pahlavi of Iran (Persian: Ø±Ø¶Ø§ Ù¾Ù‡Ù„ÙˆÛŒ) (March 16, 1878 â€“ July 26, 1944), styled His Imperial Majesty, was Shah of Persia from December 15, 1925 until 1935, at which time he became the first modern Shah of Iran, until September 16, 1941. ... This article concerns secularity, that is, being secular, in various senses. ... The terms Modern World, Modern Period, New World, Modern Times, Progressive Age, Modern Age, or Modern Era are recognized by historians as being that period of time commencing after the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, after the mid-18th century. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

Nationalist parties of Iran

National Front

Main article: National Front (Iran)

The Iranian National Front was a nationalist coalition of political parties in Iran during the late 1940s and early 1950s that suppported oil nationalization. ...

Nation Party

Main article: Mellat Iran

Mellat Iran (Persian ØØ²Ø¨ Ù…Ù„Øª Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù†, properly transliterated Hezb-e Mellat-e Aeran, Party of the Iranian Nation) is a pan-Iranist political party of Iran founded by Dariush Forouhar. ...

Pan-Iranism

Main article: Pan-Iranist Party of Iran

The Pan-Iranist Party of Iran (Hezb-e Pan-Iranist) is a pan-Iranist political opposition party. ...

Other

Sumka is the name given to an Iranian neo-Nazi party (otherwise known as Hezb-e Sosialist-e Melli-ye Kargaran-e Iran, Iran National-Socialist Workers Party). ... Rastakhiz (Resurrection) is an Iranian monarchist party that was founded in the late 1960s under the government of Amir Abbas Hoveyda. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Constitutionalist Party of Iran. ...

References

^ Patrick Clawson. Eternal Iran. Palgrave. 2005. Coauthored with Michael Rubin. ISBN 1-4039-6276-6 p.31-32

Patrick Clawson is the Deputy Director for Research at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. ... Michael Rubin is a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute and editor of the Middle East Quarterly. ...

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");