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Encyclopedia > Iraq Study Group
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Cover of the report
Cover of the report

The Iraq Study group (ISG), also known as the Baker-Hamilton Commission,[1] was a ten-person bipartisan panel appointed on March 15, 2006, by the United States Congress, that was charged with assessing the situation in Iraq and the US-led Iraq War and making policy recommendations. It was first proposed by Virginia Republican Representative Frank Wolf.[2] Image File history File links Merge-arrow. ... The Iraq Study Group Report, also known as the Baker Report,[1] is an independent assessment of the war in Iraq authored by the Iraq Study Group. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links ISG_report_cover. ... Image File history File links ISG_report_cover. ... This article is considered orphaned, since there are few or no other articles linked to this one. ... In a two-party system (such as in the United States), bipartisan refers to any bill, act, resolution, or any other action of a political body in which both of the major political parties are in agreement. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. Byrd, (D) since January 4, 2007 Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Members 535 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... The Republican Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States of America, along with the Democratic Party. ... Frank Rudolph Wolf, born January 30, 1939, American politician, has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 1981. ...


The Iraq Study Group was facilitated by the United States Institute of Peace, which released the Iraq Study Group's final report on their Website on December 6, 2006. Proposed new USIP headquarters, construction to begin 2007. ... The Iraq Study Group Report, also known as the Baker Report,[1] is an independent assessment of the war in Iraq authored by the Iraq Study Group. ... December 6 is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

Members

Lee Hamilton (left) and James Baker (right) presented the Iraq Study Group Report to George W. Bush on December 6, 2006.
Lee Hamilton (left) and James Baker (right) presented the Iraq Study Group Report to George W. Bush on December 6, 2006.

The ISG was led by co-chairs James Baker, a former Secretary of State (Republican), and Lee Hamilton, a former U.S. Representative (Democrat). Image File history File linksMetadata 20061206_d-0257-2-515h. ... Image File history File linksMetadata 20061206_d-0257-2-515h. ... Lee Herbert Hamilton is the vice chair of the 9-11 Commission and currently serves on the Presidents Homeland Security Advisory Council. ... James Addison Baker III (born April 28, 1930) served as the Chief of Staff in President Ronald Reagans first administration, Secretary of the Treasury from 1985 to 1988 in the second Reagan administration, and Secretary of State in the administration of President George H. W. Bush. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... December 6 is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... James Addison Baker III (born April 28, 1930) served as the Chief of Staff in President Ronald Reagans first administration, Secretary of the Treasury from 1985 to 1988 in the second Reagan administration, and Secretary of State in the administration of President George H. W. Bush. ... Lee Herbert Hamilton is the vice chair of the 9-11 Commission and currently serves on the Presidents Homeland Security Advisory Council. ...


Republicans

In addition to Baker, the panel's Republican members were:

Sandra Day OConnor (born March 26, 1930) is an American jurist who served as the first female Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1981 to 2006. ... In order to become a Justice on the Supreme Court of the United States, an individual must be nominated by the President of the United States and approved by the U.S. Senate, with at least half of that body approving in the affirmative. ... Lawrence Sidney Eagleburger (born August 1, 1930), is an American statesman and diplomat who served as The United States Secretary of State under President George H. W. Bush. ... The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. ... Edwin Meese III (born December 2, 1931) served as the seventy-fifth Attorney General of the United States (1985 - 1988). ... In most common law jurisdictions, the Attorney General is the main legal adviser to the government, and in some jurisdictions may in addition have executive responsibility for law enforcement or responsibility for public prosecutions. ... Alan Kooi Simpson (born September 2, 1931, in Denver, Colorado, U.S.A.) is a Republican politician who served from 1979 to 1997 as a United States Senator from Wyoming. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area  Ranked 10th  - Total 97,818 sq mi (253,348 km²)  - Width 280 miles (450 km)  - Length 360 miles (580 km)  - % water 0. ...

Democrats

In addition to Hamilton, the panel's Democratic members were:

Vernon Eulion Jordan, Jr. ... Leon Edward Panetta (born June 28, 1938) is a former White House Chief of Staff to Bill Clinton, a former member of the United States House of Representatives, and the founder and director of the Panetta Institute. ... Joshua B. Bolten, the current White House Chief of Staff. ... Alternative meaning: William Perry (football) William James Perry (born October 11, 1927) was the U.S. Secretary of Defense under President Bill Clinton from February 3, 1994 to January 23, 1997. ... Seal of the United States Department of Defense. ... Charles Spittal Chuck Robb (born June 26, American politician. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ...

Former members

Two of the panel's original members (both Republicans) resigned before the group's final report was released:

  • Rudy Giuliani, former Mayor of New York City, resigned on May 24. He had missed most of the group's meetings, and in his resignation letter, he cited "previous time commitments" as his reason for resigning. (During the first month of meetings of the panel, Giuliani had received $1.7 million for giving 20 speeches to various groups.[3]) When the group's report came out in December 2006, Giuliani gave a different reason - that he didn't think it was right for an active presidential candidate to take part in such an "apolitical" panel.[4] He was replaced by Edwin Meese.[5]

Rudolph William Louis Giuliani III, (born May 28, 1944) is an American lawyer, prosecutor, businessman, and Republican politician from the state of New York. ... For a list of the Dutch Director-Generals who governed New Amsterdam (as New York City was called when it was a Dutch-run settlement) between 1624 and 1664, see: Director-General of New Netherland. ... is the 144th day of the year (145th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Robert Michael Gates (born September 25, 1943) is currently serving as the 22nd United States Secretary of Defense. ... Seal of the United States Department of Defense. ... The Office of Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) was established on January 23rd 1946 with Adm. ... is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Funding and support

The panel's work was facilitated by the U.S. Institute of Peace and supported by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), the Center for the Study of the Presidency (CSP), and the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy. It was expected to receive a US$1.3 million appropriation from Congress.[2] Proposed new USIP headquarters, construction to begin 2007. ... The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) is a Washington, D.C.-based foreign policy think tank. ... The Center for the Study of the Presidency is a non-profit, non-partisan policy and education organization located in Washington, D.C. The Center’s mission is to promote leadership in the Presidency and the Congress to generate innovative solutions to current national challenges; preserve the historic memory of... The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, often shortened to Baker Institute, is a public policy think tank on the campus of Rice University in Houston, Texas. ...


Activities

Domestic

The ISG met members of the U.S. national security team, along with President Bush, on November 13.[7] Before this announcement it was reported that Baker was in regular contact with the White House, especially with National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley and President Bush.[8] is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Stephen J. Hadley Stephen John Hadley (born February 13, 1947 in Toledo, Ohio) is the current U.S. Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs (commonly referred as National Security Advisor) for President George W. Bush. ...


International

On 11 November 2006, it was announced that UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, who has supported President Bush in the Iraq war, was to give evidence to the ISG. A Downing Street spokesman said that Blair would give his submissions via video link on 14 November. It was believed at the time that the UK Prime Minister would outline his ideas on Iraq in a major foreign policy speech on Monday, 13 November.[9] [10] is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency... Downing Street Downing Street gates Downing Street is the street in London which contains the buildings that have been, for over two hundred years, the official residences of two of the most senior British cabinet ministers, the First Lord of the Treasury, an office held by the Prime Minister of... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...


Internal arguments

According to a report in late November (2006) in Newsday, internal strife, the assassination of a cabinet minister in Lebanon, and opposition from President Bush to the group recommending negotiations with Iran and Syria was challenging the commission's intent to issue a consensus report. An Iraq expert told the newspaper that there "has been a lot of fighting" among the expert advisers to the group, mainly between conservatives and liberals who want to take a more pragmatic approach to the Middle East. [11] Newsday is a daily tabloid-size newspaper that primarily serves Long Island and the New York City borough of Queens, although it is sold throughout the New York City metropolitan area. ... Pierre Amine Gemayel Pierre Amine Gemayel (Arabic: ‎; commonly known as Pierre Gemayel Jr. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... American conservatism is a constellation of political ideologies within the United States under the blanket heading of conservative. ... American liberalism—that is, liberalism in the United States of America—is a broad political and philosophical mindset, favoring individual liberty, and opposing restrictions on liberty, whether they come from established religion, from government regulation, from the existing class structure, or from multi-national corporations. ...


Recommendations

Main article: Iraq Study Group Report

Although the final report was not released until December 6, 2006, media reports ahead of that date described some possible recommendations by the panel. Among them were the beginning of a phased withdrawal of US combat forces from Iraq and direct US dialogue with Syria and Iran over Iraq and the Middle East. The Iraq Study Group also found that the Pentagon has underreported significantly the extent of the violence in Iraq and that officials have obtained little information regarding the source of these attacks. The group further described the situation in Afghanistan as so disastrous that they may need to divert troops from Iraq in order to help stabilize the country. After these reports began surfacing, co-chair James Baker warned that the group should not be expected to produce a "magic bullet" to resolve the Iraqi conflict.[12] The Iraq Study Group Report, also known as the Baker Report,[1] is an independent assessment of the war in Iraq authored by the Iraq Study Group. ... December 6 is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ...


According to a report in late November, the Iraq Study Group had "strongly urged" a large pull back of American troops in Iraq. The final report was released December 6, 2006, included 79 recommendations, and was 160 pages in length. Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Iraq Study Group Report, also known as the Baker Report,[1] is an independent assessment of the war in Iraq authored by the Iraq Study Group. ... December 6 is the 340th day of the year (341st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


By March 2007, the ISG report had been downloaded more than 1,5 million times, according to the US Institute for Peace website. The Report is readily available for direct reading. Some (of many) results include: assessing stability as 'elusive' and the situation as "deteriorating", that all of Iraq's neighbors (including Iran and Syria) must be included in an external diplomatic effort to stabilize Iraq, that worldwide commitments limit the U.S. from greatly increasing troop strength in Iraq, and that U.S attention on Iraq diverted resources from Afghanistan (an imbalance which the Report says the U.S. should restore to prevent Taliban and Al-Queada resurgence). There are many more recommendations.[13]


Views about the report

At a news conference with the British Prime Minister Tony Blair in Washington on December 6, 2006 President George W. Bush commented on the Iraq Study Group's report and admitted for the first time that a "new approach" is needed in Iraq, that the situation in Iraq is "bad" and that the task ahead was "daunting". [14] President Bush said he would not accept every recommendation by the ISG panel but promised that he would take the report seriously. President Bush is expected to wait for three other studies from the Pentagon, the U.S. State Department and the National Security Council before charting the new course on Iraq.[15] On US foreign policy, President Bush warned that he would only talk to Iran if it suspended uranium enrichment and bring Syria on board if it stops funding the opposition in Lebanon, extends support to the Lebanese government of Prime Minister Fouad Siniora and provides economic help to Iraq.[16] For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... This article is about the United States military building. ... “Department of State” redirects here. ... The National Security Council (NSC) of the United States is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials. ... Fouad Siniora (alternative spellings: Fouad Sanyoura, Fuad Siniora, Fouad Saniora, Fouad Seniora) (Arabic: ‎, Fuād As-Sanyūrah) is the Prime Minister of Lebanon, a position he assumed on 19 July 2005, succeeding Najib Mikati. ...


Antonia Juhasz noted the study's focus on Iraqi oil in the opening chapter and in Recommendation 63 and concluded that the Iraq Study Group would extended the Iraq War until American oil companies have guaranteed legal access to all of Iraq's oil fields.[17] Antonia Juhasz is an author and political activist who was the project director of the International Forum on Globalization in San Francisco. ... Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... For other uses, see Iraq war (disambiguation). ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Drilling rig in a small oil field Near Sarnia, Ontario, 2001 An oil field is an area with an abundance of oil wells extracting petroleum (oil) from below ground. ...


Iraqi President Jalal Talabani called the group's conclusions "very dangerous" to Iraq's sovereignty and constitution, according to CNN. "As a whole, I reject this report," Talabani said.[18] The President of Iraq is Iraqs head of state. ... Jalal Talabani (Kurdish: / Celal Talebanî / Jelal Talebaní Arabic: , ) (born 1933), is an Iraqi politician, who was elected State President of Iraq on April 6, 2005, (sworn in the next day, April 7, and once again on April 22, 2006, by the Iraqi National Assembly. ...


See also

The Iraq oil law, also referred to as the Iraq hydrocarbon law,[1] is a proposed piece of legislation submitted to the Iraqi Council of Representatives in May 2007. ...

References

Wikisource has original text related to this article:
  1. ^ Rubin, Michael (2006-10-30). Conclusion First, Debate Afterwards. The Weekly Standard. Retrieved on November 14, 2006.
  2. ^ a b Barrett, Ted. "Congress forms panel to study Iraq war", CNN.com, March 15, 2006. Retrieved October 11, 2006.
  3. ^ Fred Kaplan, The Man Who Knows Too Little: What Rudy Giuliani's Greedy Decision to Quit the Iraq Study Group Reveals about his Candidacy", Slate, June 21, 2007
  4. ^ Craig Gordon, "Giuliani quit Iraq panel after missed meetings - but he had time for fundraising", Newsweek, June 19, 2007
  5. ^ United States Institute of Peace (May 31, 2006). Edwin Meese Replaces Rudolph Giuliani on Iraq Study Group. Press release. Retrieved on 2007-01-28.
  6. ^ Former U.S. Secretary of State Lawrence S. Eagleburger Replaces Robert Gates on Iraq Study Group
  7. ^ Feller, Ben. "Bush, Team to Meet With Iraq Study Group", Forbes, November 12, 2006. Retrieved November 13, 2006.
  8. ^ Sanger, David, A. "G.O.P.’s Baker Hints Iraq Plan Needs Change", The New York Times, October 8, 2006. Retrieved November 12, 2006.
  9. ^ "Blair in Iraq talks with US panel", BBC News, November 11, 2006. Retrieved November 11, 2006.
  10. ^ "Blair to give evidence to Iraq Study Group", Fox News, November 11, 2006. Retrieved November 11, 2006.
  11. ^ Timothy M. Phelps, "Nothing but woes for Baker group", Newsday, November 22, 2006
  12. ^ "Baker says no "magic bullet" for Iraq problems", Reuters, October 17, 2006. Retrieved October 20, 2006.
  13. ^ "Report 'urges Iraq policy shift'", BBC News, December 6, 2006. Retrieved December 6, 2006.
  14. ^ Bush ponders next Iraq move
  15. ^ Cracks appear between Bush and Blair over need for talks with Iran and Syria
  16. ^ President Bush vows new approach on Iraq
  17. ^ Juhasz, Antonia (2006-12-08). It's still about oil in Iraq. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved on 2007-05-07.
  18. ^ Iraq president rejects Baker-Hamilton report

Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For information on Wikipedia press releases, see Wikipedia:Press releases. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 127th day of the year (128th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

v • d • e
Members of the Iraq Study Group
Chairs James Baker (Co-chair) • Lee Hamilton (Co-chair)
Members Lawrence Eagleburger • Vernon Jordan, Jr. • Edwin Meese • Sandra Day O'Connor • Leon Panetta • William Perry • Chuck Robb • Alan Simpson
Former members Robert Gates • Rudy Giuliani


 

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