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Encyclopedia > Irish Government Bill 1886
First Home Rule Bill
Name and origin
Official name of Bill/Act   Irish Government Bill, 1886
Home rule for where   Ireland
Year   1886
Government introduced   Gladstone (Liberal)
Parliamentary Passage
House of Commons passed?   No
House of Lords Passed?   Not applicable
Royal Assent?   Not Applicable
If defeated
Which House   House of Commons
Which stage   2nd stage
Final vote   Aye: 311; Nay 341
Date   8 June 1886
Details of Bill/Act
Unicameral or bicameral   unicameral
Subdivided if unicameral   2 Orders
Name(s)   not given
Size(s)   1st Order - 100 (25 peers, 75 elected)
2nd Order 204-206 members
MPs in Westminster   none
Executive head   Lord Lieutenant
executive body   none
Prime Minister in text   none
Responsible executive   no
If enacted
Act implemented   not applicable
Succeeded by   Irish Government Bill 1893

The First Home Rule Bill (official name: Irish Government Bill, 1886) was the first major attempt made by a British parliament to enact a law creating home rule for part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It was introduced on 8 April 1886 by Liberal Prime Minister William Gladstone to create a devolved assembly for Ireland which would govern Ireland in specified areas. The Irish Parliamentary Party under Charles Stewart Parnell had been campaigning for home rule for Ireland since the 1870s. Why? Image File history File links St_Patrick's_saltire. ... In August 1892, William Gladstone was re-elected as Prime Minister and he depended on Irish Parliamentary Party MPs to form a majority. ... Devolution or Home rule is the pooling of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ... A bill is a proposed new law introduced within a legislature that has not been ratified, adopted, or received assent. ... Devolution or Home rule is the pooling of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ... Motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right)1 Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Territory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Capital London Language(s) English Gaelic Welsh (Wales) Scottish Gaelic (parts of Scotland) Government Constitutional monarchy Monarch  - 1801–1820 George III  - 1920–1922... April 8 is the 98th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (99th in leap years). ... 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... This article is about the historic Liberal Party. ... A prime minister is the very most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886 and 1892–1894). ... Devolution or home rule is the statutory granting of powers from the central government of a state to government at national, regional or local level. ... The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) (commonly called the Irish Party) was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the... Charles Stewart Parnell, the uncrowned King of Ireland Charles Stewart Parnell[1] (27 June 1846 – 6 October 1891) was an Irish political leader and one of the most important figures in 19th century Ireland and the United Kingdom; William Ewart Gladstone described him as the most remarkable person he had...


The Bill, like his Irish Land Act 1870, was very much the work of Gladstone, who excluded both the Irish MPs and his own ministers from participation in the drafting. It was introduced alongside the Land Purchase Bill 1886 to reform tenant rights. (The latter was abandoned.)[1] The Irish Question British Prime Minister William Gladstone had taken up the Irish Question in part to win the general election of 1868 by uniting the Liberal Party behind this single issue. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...


The key aspects of the 1886 Bill were:

Contents

Legislative

  • An unicameral assembly (deliberately not called a parliament to avoid links with the former Irish parliament abolished in 1800 under the Act of Union consisting of two Orders which could meet either together or separately.
    • The first Order was to consist of the 28 Irish representative peers (the Irish peers traditionally elected by all Irish peers to sit in the House of Lords in Westminster) plus 75 members elected through a highly restricted franchise. It could delay the passage of legislation for 3 years.
    • The second Order was to consist of either 204 or 206 members.[2]
  • All Irish MPs would be excluded from Westminster altogether.

Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ... This article is about the legislature abolished in 1801. ... Act of Union can mean: United Kingdom The Act of Union is a name given to several acts passed by the English, Scottish and British Parliaments from 1536 onwards. ... Westminster is a district within the City of Westminster in London. ...

Executive

Official standard of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (plural: Lords Lieutenant), also known as the Judiciar in the early mediaeval period and as the Lord Deputy as late as the 17th century, was the Kings representative and head of the Irish executive during the...

Reserve Powers

A peace dove, widely known as a symbol for peace, featuring an olive branch in the doves beak. ... Look up war in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In military science, defense (or defence) is the art of preventing an enemy from conquering territory. ... Single European Act A treaty is a binding agreement under international law entered into by actors in international law, namely states and international organizations. ... For the American magazine, see Foreign Policy. ... A state is a set of institutions that possess the authority to make the rules that govern the people in one or more societies, having internal and external sovereignty over a definite territory. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Statistics Area: 24,481 km² Population (2006 estimate) 1,993,918 Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) forms one of the four traditional provinces of Ireland. ... The Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) was one of Irelands two police forces in the early twentieth century, alongside the Dublin Metropolitan Police. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 53. ... The Dublin Metropolitan Police was formed in 1836, after twenty years of attempts to create an effective policing force in Ireland Rural policing in Ireland began when Chief Secretary for Ireland, Robert Peel created the Peace Preservation Force in 1816. ...

Reaction

When the bill was introduced Charles Stewart Parnell had mixed reactions, he said that it had great faults but was prepared to vote for it. In his famous Irish Home Rule speech, Gladstone beseeched parliament to pass the Bill and grant Home Rule to Ireland in honour rather than being compelled to one day in humiliation. Charles Stewart Parnell, the uncrowned King of Ireland Charles Stewart Parnell[1] (27 June 1846 – 6 October 1891) was an Irish political leader and one of the most important figures in 19th century Ireland and the United Kingdom; William Ewart Gladstone described him as the most remarkable person he had...


The vote took place after two months of debating and, on 8 June 1886, 341 voted against it (including 93 Liberals) while 311 voted for it. Parliament was dissolved on 26 June and the UK general election, 1886 was called. June 8 is the 159th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (160th in leap years), with 206 days remaining. ... 1886 (MDCCCLXXXVI) is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... June 26 is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 188 days remaining. ... The 1886 UK general election took place from July 1-27, 1886. ...


Historians have suggested that the Bill was fatally flawed by the secretive manner of its drafting, with Gladstone alienating Liberal figures like Joseph Chamberlain who, along with a colleague, resigned in protest from the ministry, while producing a Bill viewed privately by the Irish as badly drafted and deeply flawed. [3] The Rt. ...


Footnotes

  1. ^ Alvin Jackson, Home Rule: An Irish History 1800—2000 p.69.
  2. ^ It had not been decided whether to have two members elected by the graduates of the Royal University to match the two members traditionally elected by graduates of the University of Dublin (Trinity College).
  3. ^ Jackson, op.cit. P.74.

The Royal University of Ireland was founded in accordance with the University Education (Ireland) Act 1879 as an examination and degree awarding university based on the model of the University of London. ... The University of Dublin, corporately designated the Chancellor, Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin located in Dublin, Ireland, was founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I, making it Irelands oldest university. ... Op cit (Latin, short for opus citatum/opere citato, meaning the work cited/from the cited work) is the term used to provide an endnote or footnote citation to refer the reader to an earlier citation. ...

See also

Charles Stewart Parnell, the uncrowned King of Ireland Charles Stewart Parnell[1] (27 June 1846 – 6 October 1891) was an Irish political leader and one of the most important figures in 19th century Ireland and the United Kingdom; William Ewart Gladstone described him as the most remarkable person he had... In August 1892, William Gladstone was re-elected as Prime Minister and he depended on Irish Parliamentary Party MPs to form a majority. ... To look at the Home Rule Bill 1912-1914 we must first look back to 1909. ... An Act to Provide for the Better Government of Ireland, more usually the Government of Ireland Act, 1920 (this is its official short title; the formal citation is 10 & 11 Geo. ... From 1801 to 1922 the whole island of Ireland formed a constituent part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (UK). ...

Further reading

  • Robert Kee, The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism
    (2000 edition, first published 1972), ISBN 0-14-029165-2.
  • Alvin Jackson, HOME RULE, an Irish History 1800-2000, (2003),
    ISBN 0-7538-1767-5.
  • Thomas Hennessey, Dividing Ireland, World War 1 and Partition, 1998,
    ISBN 0-415-17420-1.

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