Isla de la Juventud
Location of Isla de la Juventud in Cuba
Country	Cuba
Capital	Nueva Gerona
Area	2,419.27 km² (934 sq mi)
Population	86,637 (2004[1])
Density	35.81 /km² (93 /sq mi)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
Area code	+53-061

Isla de la Juventud^[2] (lit. Isle of Youth; until 1978 named Isla de Pinos) is the largest Cuban island after Cuba proper and the sixth-largest island in the West Indies. The island has an area 3056 km² (1180 square miles) and is 100 km south of the island of Cuba, across the Gulf of Batabanó. The island lies almost directly south of Havana and Pinar del Río, and because of its superficial extension, population and for its economic characteristics, is considered to be a Special Municipality, not being a part of any province. The Isle of Youth is, therefore, administered directly by the central government of Cuba. Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... The Republic of Cuba is an Island in the eastern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Eastern Standard Time redirects here. ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... This article is about the capital of Cuba. ... Pinar del Río is one of the provinces of Cuba. ...

The largest of the 350 islands in the Canarreos Archipelago (Archipiélago de los Canarreos), the island has an estimated population of 100,000. The capital and largest city is Nueva Gerona in the north, and the second-largest and oldest city is Santa Fe in the interior. Other communities are Columbia, Mac Kinley, Santa Bárbara, Cuchilla Alta, Punta del Este, Sierra de Caballos and Sierra de Casas. The island was called the Isle of Pines (Isla de Pinos) until being renamed in 1978. Canarreos Archipelago is an archipelago south of Cuba. ... The Republic of Cuba is an Island in the eastern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. ...

History

Ranch on Isle of Pines in 1911

Little is known of the pre-Columbian history of the island, though a cave complex near the Punta del Este beach preserves 235 ancient drawings made by the native population. The island first became known to Europeans during Christopher Columbus's third voyage to the New World in 1494. Columbus named the island La Evangelista and claimed it for Spain; the island would also come to be known Isla de Cotorras ("Isle of Parrots") and Isla de Tesoros ("Treasure Island") at various points in its history. The pre-Columbian era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the American continents. ... Cave, or rock, paintings are paintings painted on cave or rock walls and ceilings, usually dating to pre_historic times. ... Christopher Columbus (1451 – May 20, 1506) was a navigator, colonizer, and explorer and one of the first Europeans to explore the Americas after the Vikings. ... Frontispiece of Peter Martyr dAnghieras De orbe novo (On the New World). Carte dAmérique, Guillaume Delisle, 1722. ... 1494 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Pirate activity in and around the area left its trace in English literature. Both Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson and Peter Pan by James Matthew Barrie are rooted in part on accounts of the island and its native and pirate inhabitants, as well as long dugout canoes (which were often used by pirates as well as indigenous peoples) and the great American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) on the island. Look up pirate and piracy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The term English literature refers to literature written in the English language, including literature composed in English by writers not necessarily from England; Joseph Conrad was Polish, Robert Burns was Scottish, James Joyce was Irish, Dylan Thomas was Welsh, Edgar Allan Poe was American, Salman Rushdie is Indian, V.S... For other uses, see Treasure Island (disambiguation). ... -1... This article is about the play by J.M. Barrie. ... Sir James Matthew Barrie, Baronet, Scottish author Sir James Matthew Barrie, Baronet (May 9, 1860 - June 19, 1937), more commonly known as J. M. Barrie, was a Scottish novelist and dramatist. ... This article is about the boat. ... Binomial name (Cuvier, 1807) The American Crocodile is one of the four species of New World crocodile and the most wide-spread in range. ...

Following the victory of the United States in the Spanish-American War, Spain dropped all claims to Cuba under the terms of the 1898 Treaty of Paris. Isla de la Juventud was not mentioned in the Platt Amendment, which defined Cuba's boundaries, and this led to competing claims to the island by the United States and the now-independent Cuba. In 1907, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the island did not belong to the United States. A treaty was signed between the U.S. and Cuba in 1925, recognizing Cuban ownership. Belligerents United States Republic of Cuba Philippine Republic Kingdom of Spain Commanders Nelson A. Miles William R. Shafter George Dewey Máximo Gómez Emilio Aguinaldo Patricio Montojo Pascual Cervera Arsenio Linares Manuel Macías y Casado Ramón Blanco y Erenas Casualties and losses 385 KIA USA 5,000... The Treaty of Paris of 1898, signed on December 10, 1898, ended the Spanish-American War. ... Page one of the Platt Amendment The Platt Amendment was a rider amended to the Army Appropriations Act, a United States federal law passed on March 2, 1901 that stipulated the conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba since the Spanish-American War, and defined the... Year 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS[1]) is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. ... Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Geography and economy

Satellite image of the island

Much of the island is covered in pine forests, which is the source of the island's large lumber industry. The northern region of the island has low ridges from which marble is quarried, while the southern region is an elevated plain. Agriculture and fishing are the island's main industries, with citrus fruit and vegetables being grown. A black sand beach was formed by volcanic activity. Subgenera Subgenus Strobus Subgenus Ducampopinus Subgenus Pinus See Pinus classification for complete taxonomy to species level. ... Logging is the process in which trees are felled (cut down) usually as part of a timber harvest. ... -1... For other uses, see Quarry (disambiguation). ... For the computer security term, see Phishing. ... Species & major hybrids Species Citrus maxima - Pomelo Citrus medica - Citron Citrus reticulata - Mandarin & Tangerine Major hybrids Citrus x aurantifolia - Lime Citrus x aurantium - Bitter Orange Citrus x bergamia - Bergamot Citrus x hystrix - Kaffir Lime Citrus x ichangensis - Ichang Lemon Citrus x limon - Lemon Citrus x limonia - Rangpur Citrus x paradisi... For other uses, see Vegetable (disambiguation). ...

The island has a mild climate, but is known for frequent hurricanes. It is a popular tourist destination, with many beaches and resorts, including Bibijagua Beach. Until the Cuban government expropriated all foreign-owned property in the early 1960s, much land was owned by Americans. This article is about weather phenomena. ... Tourist redirects here. ... For other uses, see Beach (disambiguation). ... Resorts combine a hotel and a variety of recreations, such as swimming pools. ... Eminent domain (United States), compulsory purchase (United Kingdom, New Zealand, Republic of Ireland), resumption/compulsory acquisition (Australia) or expropriation (Canada, South Africa) in common law legal systems is the inherent power of the state to seize a citizens private property, expropriate property, or rights in property, without the owner... The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969. ...

Demographics

In 2004, the province of Isla De La Juventud had a population of 86,637.^[1] With a total area of 2,419.27 km² (934.1 sq mi),^[3] the province had a population density of 35.8/km² (92.7/sq mi). Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

Transportation

The main transportation to the island is by boat or aircraft. Hydrofoils (kometas) and motorized catamarans will make the trip in between two and three hours. A much slower and larger cargo ferry takes around six hours to make the crossing, but is cheaper. The province has only one municipality, also named Isla de la Juventud. This article is about marine engineering. ... It has been suggested that Catamaran History be merged into this article or section. ...

Prisons

Prison Presidio Modelo, December 2005

From 1953 to 1955, Cuban leader Fidel Castro was imprisoned in the Presidio Modelo on the Isla de la Juventud by the regime of Fulgencio Batista after leading the failed July 1953 attack on the Moncada Barracks in the Oriente Province. After the triumph of the Revolution, the same facility was used to imprison counterrevolutionaries, homosexuals and people allegedly otherwise opposing the the right socialistic state of mind. Huber Matos (once a comandante of rebel troops supporting the Cuban Revolution and later an opponent of the Revolution) and Armando Valladares have been imprisoned here. Matos says he was tortured there [1]. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 536 pixelsFull resolution (1840 × 1232 pixel, file size: 493 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The prison Presidio Modelo on the island Isla de la Juventud (Cuba) where Fidel Castro was hold prisoned in 1953. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 536 pixelsFull resolution (1840 × 1232 pixel, file size: 493 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) The prison Presidio Modelo on the island Isla de la Juventud (Cuba) where Fidel Castro was hold prisoned in 1953. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ... The Presidio Modelo was a model prison in Cuba on the former Isla de Pinos (now the Isla de Juventud). Categories: Buildings and structures stubs ... General Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (pronounced ; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was a Cuban military officer, dictator and politician. ... The factual accuracy of this article is disputed. ... Statistics Capital: Santiago de Cuba Area: 6,170km² Inhabitants: 1,016,600 Population Density: 164. ... A counterrevolutionary is anyone who opposes a revolution, particularly those who act after a revolution to try to overturn or reverse it, in full or in part. ... Since its coinage, the word homosexuality has acquired multiple meanings. ... Huber Matos was a Cuban revolutionary who successfully overthrew the dictatorship of General Fulgencio Batista along with Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Camilo Cienfuegos, Raul Castro and others. ... THE CUBAN REVOLUTION The Cuban Revolution refers to the revolution that led to the overthrow of General Fulgencio Batistas regime on January 1, 1959 by the 26th of July Movement and other revolutionary elements within the country. ... Armando Valladares was a political prisoner and prisoner of conscience in Cuba. ...

Presidio Modelo is now closed, and turned into a museum. It is replaced by more modern prisons. These include (MAS = maximum security prison; COR = correctional):

• Prison El Guayabo (MAS)
• Center for Reeducation of Minors (COR)
• Correctional Los Colonos (COR)
• Paquito Rosales Cueto (1 y 11) (COR)
• Prison la 60 (Columbia) (COR)

References

Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Isle of Youth

Cuba Portal

• Supreme Court decision of 1907
• Municipality page (Spanish)
• www.isla-de-juventud.com/ English Version

v • d • e  Provinces of Cuba Current Camagüey · Ciego de Ávila · Cienfuegos · Ciudad de La Habana · Granma · Guantánamo · Holguín · Isla de la Juventud · La Habana · Las Tunas · Matanzas · Pinar del Río · Sancti Spíritus · Santiago de Cuba · Villa Clara Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Cuba. ... Administratively, Cuba is divided into fourteen provinces and one special municipality. ... Camagüey is the largest of the provinces of Cuba. ... Ciego de Ávila is one of the provinces of Cuba, and was previously part of Camagüey Province. ... Statistics Capital: Cienfuegos Area: 4,178km² Inhabitants: 386,100 Population Density: 66. ... This article is about the capital of Cuba. ... Granma is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... ... Holguín is one of the provinces of Cuba, the second most populous after Ciudad de la Habana. ... The Isla de la Juventud (English: Isle of Youth) is the largest island of Cuba after Cuba proper. ... La Habana province, Cuba, is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... Las Tunas is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... Matanzas is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... Pinar del Río is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... Sancti Spíritus is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... Santiago de Cuba Providence is the second most populated province in the island of Cuba. ... Villa Clara is one of the provinces of Cuba. ... Historical Santa Clara (Las Villas) · Camagüey (Puerto Principe) · Oriente (Santiago de Cuba) Santa Clara (also called Las Villas after 1940) was a historical province of Cuba. ... Camagüey is the largest of the provinces of Cuba. ... Statistics Capital: Santiago de Cuba Area: 6,170km² Inhabitants: 1,016,600 Population Density: 164. ...

Coordinates: 21°45′N 82°51′W / 21.75, -82.85 (Isla de la Juventud) Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...