Islam is one of the oldest organized religions to be established in the Philippines. Its origins in the country may be dated back to as early as the 14th century, with the arrival of Arab and Malay Muslim traders who converted some of the native inhabitants in the southwestern Philippine islands. Filipino Muslims form 5% of the country's population, while the rest of the general population are mostly Roman Catholic (84%) and Protestant (8%). Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... Languages Arabic other languages (Arab minorities) Religions Predominantly Islam Some adherents of Druze, Judaism, Samaritan, Christianity Related ethnic groups Mizrachi Jews, Sephardi Jews, Ashkenazi Jews, Canaanites, other Semitic-speaking groups An Arab (Arabic: ‎); is a member of a Non-Semetic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... Filipino Muslims form the largest non-Christian group in the country, comprising 5 % of the total Philippine population as of 2005. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...

History

In 1380, Karim ul' Makhdum, the first Islamic missionary to reach the Sulu Archipelago, brought Islam to what is now the Philippines. He arrived in Jolo by 1380. Subsequent visits of Arab Muslim missionaries helped strengthen the Islamic faith in the Philippines, mostly in the south but as far north as Manila. Vast sultanates were established, these were the Sultanate of Maguindanao and the Sultanate of Sulu. Since the first people who established themselves as sultans in various parts of the Malay Archipelago — Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines — were usually of Arab descent, most people of royal lineage claim Arab descent, some going as far as claiming descent from the Prophet Muhammad himself. In any event, any descent from Arabs or Muhammad among those of royal lineage would be extremely diluted, and the majority of Filipino, Indonesian and Malaysian Muslims who are not of royal lineage could not make either claim. Events September 8 - Battle of Kulikovo - Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitrii Ivanovich defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols (the Golden Horde), stopping their advance at Kulikovo. ... Makhdum Karim (14th century) was an Arab trader known for having brought Islam to the Sulu Archipelago of the Philippines, in the year 1380. ... Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. ... The City of Manila (Filipino: Lungsod ng Maynila), or simply Manila, is the capital of the Philippines and one of the municipalities that comprise Metro Manila. ... A sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic monarch ruling under the terms of shariah. ... The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a Muslim state that ruled parts of the island of Mindanao, in southern Philippines. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ... World map depicting Malay Archipelago The Malay Archipelago is a vast archipelago located between mainland Southeastern Asia (Indochina) and Australia. ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ...

Since the early 1990s, Filipino Muslims were already firmly rooted in their Islamic faith. Every year many go on a pilgrimage (hajj) to the holy city of Mecca; upon returning men would be bestowed with the honorific title "hajji" and women the honorific "hajja". In most Muslim communities, there is at least one mosque from which the muezzin call the faithful to prayer five times a day. Those who responded to the call to public prayer removed their shoes before entering the mosque, aligned themselves in straight rows before the minbar (niche), and offered prayers in the direction of Mecca. An imam, or prayer leader, led the recitation in Arabic verses from the Qur'an, following the practices of the Sunni sect of Islam common to most of the Muslim world. It was sometimes said that the Moros often neglected to perform the ritual prayer and did not strictly abide by the fast (no food or drink in daylight hours) during Ramadan, the ninth month of the Muslim calendar, or perform the duty of almsgiving. They do, however, scrupulously observe other rituals and practices and celebrate Islamic festivals such as the end of Ramadan (Eid ul-Fitr); Muhammad's birthday; the night of his ascension to heaven; and the start of the Muslim New Year, the first day of the month of Muharram. A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of Islam. ... For other uses, see Pilgrimage (disambiguation). ... The Hajj (Arabic: ‎, transliteration: ; Turkish: ; Ottoman Turkish: حاج, Hāc; Malay: , Bosnian: ) is the Pilgrimage to Mecca in Islam. ... This article is about the city in Saudi Arabia. ... The müezzin (the word is pronounced this way Turkish, Urdu, etc. ... The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca as it exists today A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... This article is about the city in Saudi Arabia. ... The Qurān [1] (Arabic: ‎, literally the recitation; also called ‎ The Noble Qurān; also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... This article is about Islamic religious observances in the month of Ramadan. ... Eid ul-Fitr or Id-Ul-Fitr (Arabic: عيد الفطر ‘Īd al-Fiá¹­r), often abbreviated as simply Eid, is an Islamic holiday that marks the end of Ramadan, the month of fasting. ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ... Muharram (Arabic: محرم ) is the first month of the Islamic calendar. ...

Since the world resurgence of Islam after World War II, Muslims in the Philippines have a stronger sense of their unity as a religious community than they had in the past. Since the early 1970s, more Muslim teachers have visited the country and more Filipino Muslims have gone abroad — either on the hajj or on scholarships — to Islamic centers than ever before. They have returned revitalized in their faith and determined to strengthen the ties of their fellow Moros with the international Islamic community. As a result, Muslims have built many new mosques and religious schools, where students (male and female) learn the basic rituals and principles of Islam and learn to read the Qur'an in Arabic. A number of Muslim institutions of higher learning, such as the Jamiatul Philippine al-Islamia in Marawi, also offer advanced courses in Islamic studies. Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Template:A year The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Marawi City is a 3rd class city in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. ...

Practices

Circumcision is practised to the influence of Islam. A strong Islamic legacy is the custom to circumcise (tuli) young boys. When the Spaniards arrived, circumcision was justified as being Christian. Filipino Christians are generally circumcised for hygiene reason due to American influence. To this day, being uncircumcised is stigmatized in Philippine society.^{[citation needed]}

Islam in the Philippines has absorbed indigenous elements, as much as has Catholicism. Moros thus make offerings to spirits (diwatas), malevolent or benign, believing that such spirits can and will have an effect on one's health, family, and crops. They also include pre-Islamic customs in ceremonies marking rites of passage — birth, marriage, and death. Moros share the essentials of Islam, but specific practices vary from one Moro group to another. As a Christian ecclesiastical term, Catholic - from the Greek adjective , meaning general or universal[1] - is described in the Oxford English Dictionary as follows: ~Church, (originally) whole body of Christians; ~, belonging to or in accord with (a) this, (b) the church before separation into Greek or Eastern and Latin or...

See also

• Islam by country
• Bangsamoro
• Moro rebellion

Distribution of Islam per country. ... â–ˆ Bangsamoro territory under Moro control â–ˆ Historical extent This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people. ... The Moro Rebellion was the second phase of the Philippine-American War, following the so-called Philippine Insurrection phase. ...

Other religions

• Buddhism in the Philippines
• Hinduism in the Philippines
• Protestants in the Philippines
• Roman Catholicism in the Philippines
• Judaism in the Philippines

Buddhism arrived in the Philippines during the existence of Srivijaya empire from the 7th to the 13th centuries. ... OM, a sacred syllable and a quintessential symbol of Hinduism. ... Protestant Christianity arrived in the Philippines during the late 19th century and the early 20th century. ... The Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and curia in Rome. ... As of 2005 the population of Jews in the Philippines stands at the very most 500 people. ...

References

• This article contains material from the Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain.