Area controlled by the "Islamic Emirate of Waziristan" shown in dark green

The Islamic Emirate of Waziristan (Urdu: اسلامی امارات وزیرستان ) is a rebel organization in Waziristan, Pakistan that some commentators claim gained de facto recognition from the Government of Pakistan when it was named as party to the Waziristan Accord, the agreement reached between Islamabad and local tribesmen to end the undeclared Waziristan War on September 5, 2006.^[1][2] [1][2][3] Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (926x774, 45 KB) free wiziristan File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Islamic Emirate of Waziristan ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (926x774, 45 KB) free wiziristan File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Islamic Emirate of Waziristan ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... Waziristan location map A flag used by a resistance movement in Waziristan against the British during the 1930s, with the Takbir written on it. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without... The Constitution of Pakistan provides for a federal parliamentary system of government in Pakistan, with a President as the head of state and an indrectly-elected Prime Minister as the chief executive. ... The Waziristan Accord (or North Waziristan Accord) is an agreement between the government of Pakistan and tribals, resident in the Waziristan area to mutually cease hostilities in North Waziristan (a district in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas adjacent to Afghanistan). ... Islamabad (Urdu: اسلام آباد (Meaning Abode of Islam)), is the capital city of Pakistan, and is located in the Potohar Plateau in the northwest of the country. ... Combatants Pakistan, USA Waziristan tribesmen, al-Qaeda members Commanders Pervez Musharraf Ayman al-Zawahiri (probable) Strength 15,000? 8000-20,000? Casualties 500 Pakistanis, 50 Americans 2000 confirmed The Waziristan War (2004-present) is an ongoing armed conflict that began in 2004 when the Pakistani Army began its search for... September 5 is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Description

The Islamic militants in Waziristan are said to have close affiliations with the Taliban. Waziristan is often mentioned as a haven for al-Qaeda fighters, who will be required to either leave the area or act peacefully as a condition of the negotiated peace accord. Some of these militants call their organization the "Islamic Emirate of Waziristan."^[2] According to anonymous sources, the Pakistan government effectively acknowledged the organization in the Waziristan accord of September 5, 2006 which referred to the organization in the agreement, however the agreement does not recognize the Islamic Emirate of Waziristan as an independent state, but only as a security body charged with fulfilling the obligations of the treaty. ^[3] Public execution of a woman by Taliban at Ghazi Sports Stadium, 1999. ... Al-Qaeda (Arabic: القاعدة, the foundation or the base) is the name given to a worldwide network of militant Islamist organizations under the leadership of Osama bin Laden. ... The Waziristan Accord (or North Waziristan Accord) is an agreement between the government of Pakistan and tribals, resident in the Waziristan area to mutually cease hostilities in North Waziristan (a district in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas adjacent to Afghanistan). ...

There is speculation that Osama bin Laden and other al-Qaeda leaders have found refuge in the area controlled by the Emirate, which is a staging ground for militant operations in Afghanistan.^[4] A condition of the truce is that no support be given for these operations. Local observers view the truce accord as a prelude to hot pursuit chases of mujahideen into Pakistan by NATO forces in Afghanistan.^[5] Osama bin Muhammad bin Awad bin Laden (Arabic: ‎; born March 10, 1957[1]), most often mentioned as Osama bin Laden or Usama bin Laden, is a Saudi Arabian militant Islamist and is widely believed to be one of the founders of the organization called al-Qaeda. ... Hot Pursuit is a TV show running on Court TV that features police chase footage. ... Mujahideen ( Arabic: ‎, , Turkish: , literally strugglers) is a term for Muslims fighting in a war or involved in any other struggle. ... NATO 2002 Summit in Prague. ...

Details of the agreement may be found under Waziristan accord. The Waziristan Accord (or North Waziristan Accord) is an agreement between the government of Pakistan and tribals, resident in the Waziristan area to mutually cease hostilities in North Waziristan (a district in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas adjacent to Afghanistan). ...

Leadership structure

The Taliban in Waziristan is led by Maulavi Jalaluddin Haqqani, a veteran mujahideen commander and member of the Zadran tribe, who aligned himself with the Taliban and rose to be a cabinet member of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (the official name of the former Taliban government of Afghanistan). He has delegated much of the day-to-day field operation to his son, Sirajuddin Haqqani, who is said to be military commander over all the Taliban-aligned militants in the Waziristan tribal regions.^[6] Public execution of a woman by Taliban at Ghazi Sports Stadium, 1999. ... Maulavi Jalaluddin Haqqani (c. ... The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan was the name given the nation of Afghanistan by the Taliban during their rule, from 1996 to 2001. ... Sirajuddin Haqqani (c. ...

In June of 2006, in advance of the Waziristan accord, the elder Haqqani issued a decree that stated that while the fight with the US and Karzai governments will continue "till the last drop of blood", it was no longer Taliban policy to continue to fight with the Pakistan army. The ceasefire edict was circulated only in South Waziristan, however, to keep pressure on the Pakistan government towards reaching a peace accord in the north (ultimately the Waziristan accord). The Waziristan Accord (or North Waziristan Accord) is an agreement between the government of Pakistan and tribals, resident in the Waziristan area to mutually cease hostilities in North Waziristan (a district in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas adjacent to Afghanistan). ...

The Haqqani edict resulted in a partial ceasefire in South Waziristan, although some tribal militias continued to fight on in hopes of winning the release of fellow rebels imprisoned by the government. Ultimately it would be the Waziristan accord that would secure the release of all rebel fighters, both Taliban and non-Taliban. South Waziristan (Urdu: جنوبی وزیرستان) is southern part of Waziristan a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan and covering some 11 585 km² (4,473 mi²). It comprises the area west and southwest of Peshawar between the Tochi river to the north and the Gomal river to the south, forming part...

While reporting on the June ceasefire in South Waziristan, the Dawn newspaper in Pakistan also reported that a senior Taliban figure (left unnamed), in consultation with local tribal leaders, had blessed Maulavi Nazir Ahmad as head of the militants of the Ahmadzai Wazir tribe. The senior leader also endorsed Baitullah Mehsud to continue as head of the mujahideen of the Mehsud tribe and appointed, Abdullah Mehsud, a renowed fugitive jihadist, to head a shura of mujahideen representing four additional tribes.^[6] Dawn is Pakistans oldest and most widely-read English-language newspaper. ... Baitullah Mehsud is a leading Taliban commander in Waziristan. ... Abdullah Mehsud WAS an Afghan and member of the Taliban. ... Shura is an Arabic word for consultation. It is believed to be the method by which pre-Islamic Arabian tribes selected leaders and made major decisions. ...

It is not clear if Maulavi Jalaluddin Haqqani, and thus the entire Pakistan Taliban leadership, identifies himself as a part of an Islamic Emirate of Waziristan, or if it is a smaller, and perhaps non-Taliban, group of militants who invoke this name as a rallying cry. Maulavi Jalaluddin Haqqani (c. ...

After an initial miscue,^[7] the Government of Pakistan has consistently emphasized the Taliban was not party to the accord. However, on September 24, The Daily Telegraph published an article revealing the previously unnamed "senior leader" to be none other than Mullah Omar, the former leader of the Taliban in Afghanistan. Regarding Mullah Omar's role in the southern ceasefire and the truce in North Waziristan, the Telegraph quotes Lateef Afridi, a tribal elder and former member of the Pakistan national assembly, as saying:^[8] The Constitution of Pakistan provides for a federal parliamentary system of government in Pakistan, with a President as the head of state and an indrectly-elected Prime Minister as the chief executive. ... This article concerns the British newspaper. ... Mullah Mohammed Omar (Pashto: ملا محمد عمر) (born c. ... Public execution of a woman by Taliban at Ghazi Sports Stadium, 1999. ... North Waziristan (Urdu: شمالی وزیرستان) is the northern part of Waziristan, a mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan and covering some 11 585 km² (4,473 mi²). It comprises the area west and south-west of Peshawar between the Tochi river to the north and the Gomal river to the south...

"Had they (local tribal militants) been not asked by Mullah Omar, none of them were willing to sign an agreement... This is no peace agreement, it is accepting Taliban rule in Pakistan's territory."

A true state?

Though proclaimed by the rebels as a "state" or "emirate", there are questions regarding the region being called as such. Those who support that the region is a state point to the facts that the federal authority is little to nonexistent and that the area ruled mostly by tribal elders.^[9] Moreover, Taliban reportedly control most of the region with its own authoritarian rule including beheadings and other violent punishments which the Pakistan government has been unable to stop.^[10][11] Such brazen show of authority has led one author in the Wall Street Journal to remark that Waziristan Agency was a "state within a state"^[12] The Wall Street Journal is an influential international daily newspaper published in New York City, New York with an average daily circulation of 1,800,607 (2002). ...

References

1. ^ Shahzad, Syed Saleem. "Pakistan: Hello al-Qaeda, goodbye America", Asia Times Online, 2006-09-08. Retrieved on 2006-09-12. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Moreau, Ron; Zahid Hussain (2006). Border Backlash. Newsweek international edition. MSNBC.com. Retrieved on 2006-09-20.
3. ^ Roggio, Bill. "Talibanistan: The Establishment of the Islamic Emirate of Waziristan", The Fourth Rail, 2006-09-05. Retrieved on 2006-09-28. 
4. ^ Rohde, David. "Al Qaeda Finds Its Center of Gravity", New York Times, 2006-09-10. Retrieved on 2006-09-12. 
5. ^ Shahzad, Syed Saleem. "The knife at Pakistan's throat", Asia Times Online, 2006-09-02. Retrieved on 2006-09-12. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Khan, Ismail. "Forces, militants heading for truce", Dawn, 2006-06-22. Retrieved on 2006-09-29. 
7. ^ "Govt, N. Waziristan Taliban enter Peace Agreement", Pakistan Times, 2006-09-06. Retrieved on 2006-09-24. 
8. ^ Ansari, Massoud, Colin Freeman. "Omar role in truce reinforces fears that Pakistan 'caved in' to Taliban", The Daily Telegraph, 2006-09-24. Retrieved on 2006-09-29. 
9. ^ Rupert, James. "Where the Taliban still rule", Newsday, 2006-02-09. Retrieved on 2006-09-28. 
10. ^ Shahzad, Syed Saleem. "The Taliban's bloody foothold in Pakistan", Asia Times Online, 2006-02-08. Retrieved on 2006-09-28. 
11. ^ "Border Backlash", MSNBC, 2006-07-31. Retrieved on 2007-01-13. 
12. ^ Ijaz, Mansoor. "Musharrafistan", Wall Street Journal, 2006-09-19. 

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External links

• Waziristan: Bin Laden's hiding place? BBC News