Ismail Haniyeh (Arabic: إسماعيل هنية; sometimes transliterated as Ismail Haniya or Ismail Haniyah); born January 1963) is a senior political leader of Hamas and former Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority. In the wake of Hamas' military seizure of control of the Gaza Strip, he was dismissed from office on June 14, 2007 by Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas; however, he has refused to acknowlege the dismissal and continues to exercize de facto authority in the Gaza Strip^[1] and the Palestinian Legislative Council continues to recognize his authority. The Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority is the head of government of the Palestinian government. ... March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (89th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... Ahmed Qurei (Abu Alaa) Ahmed Ali Mohammed Qurei (or Qureia; احمد علي محمد قريع), also known by his Arabic Kunya Abu Alaa (أبو علاء) (born March 26, 1937) was prime minister of the Palestinian Authority. ... Dr. Salam Fayyad (Arabic: ; b. ... List of Palestinian refugee camps with current population and year they were established: Gaza, 8 camps, 478,854 refugees 1948, Beach camp (Shati), 76,109 1949, Bureij, 30,059 1948, Deir el-Balah, 20,188 1948, Jabalia (Jabalyia, Abalyia), 103,646 1949, Khan Yunis, 60,662 1949, Maghazi, 22,536... Not to be confused with the Spanish name Garza or the Egyptian town of Giza. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement,[1]) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Due to the fact that the Arabic language has a number of phonemes that have no equivalent in English or other European languages, a number of different transliteration methods have been invented to represent certain Arabic characters, due to various conflicting goals. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement,[1]) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization. ... The Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority is the head of government of the Palestinian government. ... Anthem: Biladi Capital Ramallah and Gaza de facto, as the current location of government institutions. ... Combatants Hamas Fatah Casualties 22 killed 77 killed 17 civilians killed[1][2] The Battle of Gaza (Arabic: ) took place between June 12 and June 14, 2007, and resulted in Hamas taking control of the Gaza Strip. ... June 14 is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... The President of the Palestinian National Authority is the highest-ranking political position (equivalent to head of state) in the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: ) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya Abu Mazen (ابو مازن), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005, and took office on January 15, 2005. ... The Palestinian Legislative Council, (sometimes referred to to as the Palestinan Parliament) the legislature of the Palestinian Authority, is a unicameral body with 88 members, elected from 16 electoral districts in the West Bank and Gaza. ...

Haniyeh was nominated as the candidate for Prime Minister on February 16, 2006 following the Hamas "List of Change and Reform" victory in the Palestinian legislative election of January 25, 2006 and was sworn in as Prime Minister on March 29, 2006. He resigned on February 15, 2007 as part of the process to allow a unity government between Hamas and Fatah.^[2]. He was sworn in on March 18, 2007 as head of the new cabinet. February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Hamas wins Palestinian election On January 25, 2006, elections were held for the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC), the legislature of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). ... January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (89th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... This is the list of members of the Palestine cabinet that was formed by Ismail Haniya on March 17, 2007. ... Fatah (Arabic: ); a reverse acronym from the Arabic name Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (literally: Palestinian National Liberation Movement) is a major secular Palestinian political party and the largest organization in the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), a generally secular multi-party confederation. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... A cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of government, typically representing the executive branch. ...

Biography

Haniyeh was born in the Al-Shati refugee camp in Gaza. His parents became refugees after they fled their homes in what is now the city of Ashkelon in Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. In 1987, he graduated from the Islamic University of Gaza with a degree in Arabic literature. In 1989, he was imprisoned for three years by Israeli authorities, and following his release in 1992, he was deported to Lebanon. A year later, he returned to Gaza and was appointed as Dean of the Islamic University. List of Palestinian refugee camps with current population and year they were established: Gaza, 8 camps, 478,854 refugees 1948, Beach camp (Shati), 76,109 1949, Bureij, 30,059 1948, Deir el-Balah, 20,188 1948, Jabalia (Jabalyia, Abalyia), 103,646 1949, Khan Yunis, 60,662 1949, Maghazi, 22,536... Not to be confused with the Spanish name Garza or the Egyptian town of Giza. ... Hebrew אַשְׁקְלוֹן (Standard) AÅ¡qÉ™lon Arabic عسقلان Founded in 1951 Government City Also Spelled Ashqelon (officially) District South Population 105,100 (2004) Jurisdiction 55,000 dunams (55 km²) Mayor Roni Mahatzri Ashkelon (Hebrew: ‎; Tiberian Hebrew ʾAÅ¡qÉ™lôn; Arabic: ‎  ; Latin: Ascalon) is a city in the western Negev, in the... Combatants  Israel Egypt, Syria, Transjordan,  Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Holy War Army, Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori, Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Hasan Salama, Fawzi Al-Qawuqji Strength  Israel: 29,677 initially rising to 115,000 by March 1949 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising... Islamic University of Gaza is an independent Palestinian university established in 1978 in Gaza City, Palestinian territories. ... Arabic literature (Arabic ,الأدب العربي ) Al-Adab Al-Arabi, is the writing produced, both prose and poetry, by speakers of the Arabic language. ... Not to be confused with the Spanish name Garza or the Egyptian town of Giza. ... In an educational setting, a dean is a person with significant authority . ...

After the release from prison in 1997 of Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, Hamas' spiritual leader, Haniyeh was appointed to head his office. He was targeted by the Israeli Army for his alleged involvement in attacks against Israeli citizens. Following a suicide bombing in Jerusalem in 2003, he was slightly injured on his hand by an Israeli Air Force bomb attack attempting to eliminate the Hamas leadership. His position within Hamas continued to strengthen during the Al-Aqsa Intifada due to his relationship with Yassin, and because of the assassinations of much of the Hamas leadership by the Israeli Security Forces. In December 2005, Haniyeh was elected to head the Hamas list, which in January 2006 won the Palestinian Legislative Council elections. Sheikh Ahmed Ismail Yassin (Arabic: ) (circa 1937 — March 22, 2004) was the co-founder (with Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi) of Hamas, originally calling it the Palestinian Wing of the Muslim Brotherhood. ... The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Hebrew: צבא ההגנה לישראל Tsva Ha-Haganah Le-Yisrael ([Army] Force [for] the Defense of Israel), often abbreviated צהל Tsahal, alternative English spelling Tzahal, is the name of Israels armed forces... Official shield of the IAF The Israeli Air Force (IAF; Hebrew: זרוע האויר והחלל, Zroa HaAvir VeHaḤalal, Air and Space Division, commonly known as חיל האוויר Hel HaAvir) is the air force of the Israel Defense Forces. ... For other uses, see al-Aqsa (disambiguation). ... The Israeli Security Forces are several organizations collectively responsible for Israels security. ... The Palestinian Legislative Council, (sometimes referred to to as the Palestinan Parliament) the legislature of the Palestinian Authority, is a unicameral body with 88 members, elected from 16 electoral districts in the West Bank and Gaza. ...

On February 16, 2006, Hamas nominated Haniyeh for Palestinian Prime Minister, and was formally presented as such to Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas on February 20. On June 30, 2006, the Israeli Government threatened to assassinate Haniyeh if Hamas militants did not release the captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit unharmed. Hamas's Gaza-based political leaders, including Haniyeh, subsequently went into hiding. Early October 2006 he has repeated his refusal to recognize Israel. His political adviser said he still is optimistic that an agreement with Mahmoud Abbas can be reached to stop a call for new elections.^[3] February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: ) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya Abu Mazen (ابو مازن), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005, and took office on January 15, 2005. ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... assassin, see Assassin (disambiguation) Jack Ruby assassinated Lee Harvey Oswald in a very public manner. ... Cpl. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: ) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya Abu Mazen (ابو مازن), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005, and took office on January 15, 2005. ...

On October 20, 2006, on the eve of a deal to end factional fighting between Fatah and Hamas, Haniyeh's convoy came under gun fire in Gaza and one of the cars was set on fire.^[4] Haniyeh was not hurt in the attack. Hamas sources said that this was not an assassination attempt. PNA security sources reported that the attackers were the relatives of a Fatah man killed by clashes with Hamas. ^[5] October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On December 14, 2006, Haniyeh was denied entry to Gaza from Egypt at the Rafah border crossing. The border crossing was closed by EU monitors by order of the Israeli defense minister Amir Peretz. Haniyeh was returning to Gaza from his first official trip abroad as Palestinian Prime Minister. He was reported to have an estimated $30 million cash in international donations on hand, meant for the Palestinian National Authority. Israeli authorities later stated that they would allow Haniyeh to cross the border provided he leave the money in Egypt, which would reportedly be transferred to an Arab League bank account in Egypt. A gun battle between Hamas militants and the Palestinian Presidential Guard was reported at the Rafah border crossing in response to the incident. The EU monitors who operate the crossing were reportedly evacuated safely. ^[6] When Haniyeh later attempted to cross the border, an exchange of gunfire left one bodyguard dead and Haniyeh's eldest son wounded. That incident was denounced by Hamas as an attempt by rival Fatah on Haniyeh's life, prompting firefights in the West Bank and Gaza City between Fatah forces. Haniyeh was quoted as saying that he knew who the alleged perpetrators were, but declined to identify them and appealed for Palestinian unity. Egypt has since offered to mediate the situation.^[7] December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Amir Peretz (Hebrew: עמיר פרץ; born March 9, 1952) is an Israeli politician and Defense Minister of Israel. ... Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Largest cities Alexandria, Baghdad, Cairo, Casablanca, Damascus, Khartoum Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders  -  Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001)  -  Council of the Arab League Sudan  -  Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment  -  Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945  Area  -  Total 13...

See also: Palestinian factional violence

Combatants Hamas Fatah Strength 10,000 (mostly in Gaza)[1] 60,000 (mostly in the W. Bank)[2] Casualties 39 killed 74 killed 29 civilians killed 354 wounded on both sides (at least) The Palestinian factional violence began after the ruling Hamas party accused Fatah of trying to kill the...

Response to prospective appointment

Israel decided to implement a series of punitive measures (including de facto economic sanctions) against the Palestinian Authority following the 2006 Hamas election victory. Israel's acting Prime Minister Ehud Olmert announced that Israel would not transfer to the Palestinian Authority an estimated $50 million per month in tax receipts collected by Israel on behalf of the Palestinian Authority. Haniyeh dismissed Israeli economic sanctions against the Palestinian Authority, stating that Hamas would neither disarm nor recognise Israel. Economic sanctions are economic penalties applied by one country (or group of countries) on another for a variety of reasons. ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Hamas wins Palestinian election On January 25, 2006, elections were held for the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC), the legislature of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). ... Ehud Olmert (IPA ; Hebrew:אהוד אולמרט; born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel. ...

Haniyeh expressed regret that Hamas was subjected to punitive measures, adding that "it [Israel] should have responded differently to the democracy expressed by the Palestinian people".

The United States government, who consider his Hamas organisation as a terrorist organisation, demanded that $50 million dollars in unexpended foreign aid funds for the Palestinian Authority be returned to the United States, which Palestinian Economic Minister Mazen Sonokrot agreed to do. ^[8] On the loss of foreign aid from the United States and EU, Haniyeh commented that: "The West is always using its donations to apply pressure on the Palestinian people." ^[9] This article is becoming very long. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Development aid. ...

Quotes

"The answer is to let Israel say it will recognize a Palestinian state along the 1967 borders, release the prisoners, and recognize the rights of the refugees to return to Palestine. Hamas will have a position if this occurs."^[10] Israels 1949 Green Line (dark green) and demilitarized zones (light green). ...

"We will never recognize the usurper Zionist government and will continue our jihad-like movement until the liberation of Jerusalem"^[11]

"The underlying problem remains the Israeli occupation of Palestinian land and the continuing Israeli assaults against our people."^[12]

References

1. ^ "Abbas sacks Hamas-led government", 2007-06-14. Retrieved on 2007-06-14. 
2. ^ "Palestinian unity deal under way" BBC, February 15, 2007
3. ^ "Abbas Threatens Hamas With New Elections ", Arutz Sheva, October 18, 2006
4. ^ "Haniya unhurt in convoy shooting", BBC, October 20, 2006
5. ^ "Haniyeh unhurt by attack on convoy in Gaza", Haaretz, October 20, 2006
6. ^ "Palestinian PM denied Gaza entry", BBC, December 14, 2006
7. ^ "Egypt seeks to ease Gaza tensions", BBC, December 15, 2006
8. ^ "PNA agrees to return 50-million-dollar fund to US", Xinhua, February 19, 2006
9. ^ "Hamas dismisses Israeli sanctions", BBC, February 20, 2006
10. ^ Interview with Washington Post. "We Do Not Wish to Throw Them Into the Sea". Washington Post. February 26, 2006
11. ^ "Haniyeh: Hamas Will Not Recognize Israel", Forbes, December 8, 2006
12. ^ "an interview with Ismail Haniyeh" Partners for Peace. March 15, 2006

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External links

• BBC Profile
• Al Jazeera Profile
• Interview with Washington Post
• Interview with Ismail Haniyeh (English), Der Spiegel, June 12 2006
• Ismail Haniyeh at the Notable Names Database