Shah Ismail I, the founder of the Safavid State. Medieval European rendering

Isma'il I (July 17, 1487 - May 23, 1524), was the founder and first shah of the Persian Safavid dynasty, the first native Iranian dynasty in 800 years, which survived in Iran until 1736. He reigned as Shah Isma'il I in Iran 1501 - 1524. Shah Ismail I Medieval European rendering by an unknown Venetian artist. ... Shah Ismail I Medieval European rendering by an unknown Venetian artist. ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... Events Richard Fox becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). ... Events March 1, 1524/5 - Giovanni da Verrazano lands near Cape Fear (approx. ... Shah (in Persian: شاه), from the Old Persian word khshathra-pava king, popularly referred to as satrap by the Greeks, is the Persian term for a monarch and used by the former rulers of Persia as well as the rulers of the Persian Empire. ... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... The Safavid Empire at its 1512 borders. ... Events January 26 - Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne. ... Events Alexander becomes King of Poland. ...

A descendant of the Sufi Shaikh Safi Al-Din (1252-1334) of Ardebil, Isma'il Safavi was the last in line of hereditary Grand Masters of the Safaviyeh Sufi order, prior to its accent to a ruling dynasty. As a young boy only a year old, he had lost his father Haidar Safavi Sultan, Sufi Grand Master and belligerent leader of a swelling Shi'a Islam community in northwestern Iran who was killed in battle. Isma'il's mother was Halima Begum, the daughter of Uzun Hasan by his wife Despina (herself the daughter of John IV of Trebizond). As legend has it, infant Isma'il went into hiding for several years. With his followers, he finally returned to Tabriz, vowing to make Shi'a Islam the official religion of Iran. Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is the school of esoteric philosophy in Islam, which is based on the pursuit of spiritual truth as a definite goal to attain. ... Shaikh (شيخ, also rendered as Sheik, Shaykh or Sheikh) is a word in the Arabic language meaning an elder or a revered old man. ... The ethnic Persian Safi Al-Din Ardebili (of Ardebil) (1252-1334), eponym of the Safavid Dynasty, was the spiritual heir and son in law of the great Sufi Murshid (Grand Master) Sheikh Zahed Gilani, of Lahijan in Gilan Province in northern Iran. ... Events Alfonso X of Castile, the Wise (el Sabio) Stockholm is founded by Birger Jarl (cf 1854) The widespread usage of torture by the Medieval Inquisition is introduced. ... Events Births January 4 - Amadeus VI of Savoy, Count of Savoy (died 1383) January 13 - King Henry II of Castile (died 1379) May 25 - Emperor Suko of Japan, third of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders (died 1398) August 30 - King Peter I of Castile (died 1369) James I of Cyprus (died... Ardabil (in persian: اردبیل other name: Ardebil ancient name: Artavil ) a historical city in north-western Iran. ... An example of Safavid architecture Safavi is an adjective, created for the name Safi. Translated to English, Safavi would correspond roughly to Safi-ish or Safidian Safavi is the correct Persian Language reference to Safi, the name of Sheikh Safi Al-Din Ardebili. ... Shia Islam (Arabic: or follower. ... Uzun Hassan, prince of the Ak-Koyunla dynasty, or White Sheep Turkmen, ruled parts of western Persia, Iraq and Turkey between 1435 and 1478. ... Tabriz City Hall, built in 1895, by Arfaol molk, with the aid of German engineers. ...

Isma'il found significant support among the people of northern Iran as well as some parts of the Ottoman Empire, mainly in eastern Anatolia. Centuries of Sunni rule followed by pagan Mongol hegemony lent fertile ground for new teachings. In 1501, Isma'il I proclaimed himself Shah, choosing Tabriz, in Iran's northernmost province of Azerbaijan, as his capital. In that year he also defeated his grandfather's people, the Ak Koyunlu (White Sheep Turks). The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (Ottoman Turkish for the Eternal State) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Constantinople (İstanbul) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολή anatolē or anatolí, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish associated with Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to the Asian portion... Sunni Islam (Arabic: سنّة ) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... Tabriz City Hall, built in 1895, by Arfaol molk, with the aid of German engineers. ... Flag of the Ak Koyunlu (Colours are speculative) The Akkoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (Azeri-Turkish: Ağqoyunlular/Akkoyunlular) were a Turkoman tribal federation that ruled present-day Azerbaijan, eastern Anatolia, northern Iraq and western Iran from 1378 to 1508. ...

In 1510 Isma'il I moved against the Sunni Uzbeg tribe. In battle near the city of Merv, some 17,000 Iranians ambushed and defeated a superior Uzbek force numbering 28,000. The Uzbek ruler Muhammad Shaybani was caught and killed trying to escape the battle, and the shah had his skull made into a jeweled drinking goblet. Events Conquest of Pskov by Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy. ... Uzbeks are a Turkic ethnic group found primarily in Uzbekistan, but also in Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang province of China and other countries in Central Asia. ... Merv was a major oasis-city in Central Asia, on the Silk Road, located near todays Mary, Turkmenistan. ... Muhammad Shaybani (c. ...

In 1514, Selim I, the Sunni Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and recent successor to the Abbasid caliphate, attacked Isma'il's Kingdom, to remove his rival claim to the Caliphate of Islam, and to check the spread of Shiism into Ottoman dominions. Selim and Ismail had been exchanging a series of belligerent letters prior to the attack. Events March - Louis XII of France makes peace with Emperor Maximilian. ... Selim I Selim I (1465 – September 22, 1520; also known as the Grim, nicknamed Yavuz, the Brave in Turkish) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520. ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (Ottoman Turkish for the Eternal State) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Constantinople (Ä°stanbul) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Abbasid provinces during the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid Abbasid (Arabic: العبّاسدين ) was the dynastic name generally given to the caliphs of Baghdad, the second of the two great Sunni dynasties of the Muslim empire, that overthrew the Umayyid caliphs. ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ...

Selim I decisively defeated Shah Isma'il at the battle of Chaldiran in 1514, in modern-day Iran. The Ottomans prevailed dule in large part to their efficient modern army, and possession of artillery, black powder and muskets. Ismail was wounded and almost captured in battle. Selim I entered the Iranian capital in triumph on September 7, but did not linger, a mutiny among his troops forcing him to withdraw. This saved Ismail, and allowed him to recover. Sultan Selim I also took Isma'il's favorite wife hostage, demanding huge concessions for her release. Isma'il refused to cede to the Ottoman demands, and is said to have died of a broken heart in 1524 at the early age of thirty-six, never having seen his beloved spouse again. The Battle of Chaldiran was a military conflict that occurred on 23 August 1514 which ended with a military victory of the Ottoman Empire over the Safavids. ... Events March - Louis XII of France makes peace with Emperor Maximilian. ... Historically, artillery refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. ... Black powder is a type of gunpowder invented in the 9th century and was practically the only known propellant and explosive until the middle of the 19th century. ... A musket is a muzzle-loaded, smooth-bore long gun. ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ...

Isma'il's reign was marked by enormous conquests, shaping the map of Iran up to the present day. Baghdad and the holy Shi'a shrines of Najaf نجف and Karbalā' كربلاء were seized from the Ottoman Turks, lost and reconquered again. A street map of Baghdad Average temperature (red) and precipitations (blue) in Baghdad *See Bagdad, Tasmania for the Australian town of a similar name. ... Najaf (Arabic: ) is a city in Iraq, about 160 km south of Baghdad, located at 31. ... Karbalā (Arabic: ; also transliterated as Kerbala or Kerbela) is a city in Iraq, located about 100 km southwest of Baghdad at 32. ...

Shah Ismail was also a Sufi poet. He wrote his poems in Azeri-Turkic language. His divan, i.e., the collection of poems he has written with alias Hatayi, remains to this day. Here is a sample from his poetry, which is still popular today. The Azeri, also referred to as Azerbaijanian Turks, are a Turkic-Muslim people who live in the Azerbaijan, located in a crossroads between eastern Europe and western Asia. ... This is the disambiguation page for the terms Turk, Turkey, Turkic, and Turkish. ... This article should be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ...

Azeri original:

 Men pirimi hak bilirem, Yoluna gurban oluram, Dün doğdum bugün ölürem, Ölen gelsin işte meydan. 

English translation:

 I regard my pir as the essence, I'll sacrifice myself in his way, I was born yesterday, I will die today, Come, if you're willing to die, this is the arena. 

Pir is the term for a pilgrimage site in Farsi, frequently one of the Zoroastrian faith. ...

One of the worlds longest-lasting monarchies, the Iranian monarchy went through many transformations over the centuries, from the days of Persia to the creation of what is now modern day Iran. ... The Safavids were a long-lasting Turkic-speaking Iranian dynasty that ruled from 1501 to 1736 and first established Shiite Islam as Persias official religion. ... Tahmasp I (1524-1576) was an influential Shah of Persia of the Safavid Dynasty. ...