NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Israel's unilateral disengagement plan

Israel's unilateral disengagement plan (Hebrew: תוכנית ההתנתקות Tokhnit HaHitnatkut or תכנית ההינתקות Tokhnit HaHinatkut in the Disengagement Plan Implementation Law), also known as the "Disengagement plan", "Gaza Pull-Out plan", and "Hitnatkut") was a proposal by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, adopted by the government and enacted in August 2005, to remove all permanent Israeli presence in the Gaza Strip and from four settlements in the northern West Bank. Unilateralism is an antonym for multilateralism. ... â€œHebrewâ€ redirects here. ... A map illustrating the four phases of the Gaza disengagement plan. ... The Prime Minister of Israel is the elected head of the Israeli government. ... (Hebrew: , also known by his diminutive Arik ×Ö¸×¨Ö´×™×§) (born February 27, 1928) is a former Israeli politician and general. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Israeli settlement. ...

Those Israeli citizens that refused to accept government compensation packages and voluntarily vacate their homes prior to the August 15, 2005 deadline, were evicted by Israeli security forces over a period of several days. ^[1] Demolition of the residential buildings and the evacuation of all residents and associated security personnel from the Gaza Strip was completed by September 12, 2005.^[2] Evacuation and dismantlement of the four settlements in the northern West Bank was completed ten days later. August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Plan description

The Gaza Strip contained twenty-one civilian Israeli settlements, and the area evacuated in the West Bank contained four, as follows: Map of Israeli settlements (magenta) in the West Bank. ...

These areas also contained numerous Israel Defense Forces (IDF) installations. Sharon said that his plan was designed to improve Israel's security and international status in the absence of political negotiations to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. About nine thousand Israeli residents within Gaza were instructed to leave the area or face eviction by the night of Tuesday August 16, 2005. [1]. Bedolah (×‘×“×•×œ×—) was an Israeli settlement in the Gush Katif settlement bloc, located in the south-west edge of the Gaza Strip, and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... The Israeli settlement of Bnei Atzmon was founded in 1979 in the Yamit region of the Sinai peninsula, and relocated to the Gush Katif region after the signing of the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty and subsequent evacuation of Sinai in 1982. ... Dugit (Hebrew:×“×•×’×™×ª) was an Israeli settlement located in the northern tip of the Gaza Strip closet to the shore of the Mediterranean Sea in a mini-settlement bloc including Elei Sinai and Nisanit. ... Elei Sinai (Hebrew: ) was a community settlement in the north of Gaza Strip. ... Gadid (×’×“×™×“) was an Israeli settlement located in the middle of the Gush Katif settlement bloc and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... Gan Or (×’×Ÿ ××•×¨) was an Israeli settlement located in the Gush Katif settlement bloc and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... Ganei Tal setttlement in Gaza Ganei Tal (×’× ×™ ×˜×œ) is an Israeli settlement in the southern end of the Gaza Strip. ... Katif (×§×˜×™×£) was a Jewish moshav in the Gush Katif region of the Gaza Strip, about 1 km north of the Palestinian refugee camp of Deir el-Balah. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Kfar Yam was a small outpost and one of the Gaza Strip Israeli Settlements. ... Kerem Atzmona (Hebrew: ×›×¨× ×¢×¦×ž×•× ×”) was an Israeli settlement in the Gush Katif settlement bloc, located in the south-west edge of the Gaza Strip, and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Israeli troops remove protesters from Gaza synagogue Neve Dekalim was an Israeli settlement in the Gaza Strip, amd was founded in 1983 after the Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula. ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Last Gaza settlement cleared, West Bank towns prepare to resist The Israeli settlement of Netzarim was created as a kibbutz in 1984 (the kibbutz split a few years later in order to become a village). ... Netzer Hazani (× ×¦×¨ ×—×–× ×™) was an Israeli settlement located in the northeast corner of the Gush Katif settlement bloc and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... Nisanit was an Israeli settlement in Gaza Strip north of Gush Katif. ... Map of Gush Katif The Israeli settlement of Peat Sadeh was originally established in 1989 by a group of families on the Slav Israeli Army base in the southern end of Gush Katif and moved to its permanent site on an adjacent hill in 1993. ... The Israeli settlement of Rafiah Yam was originally established in 1984 as a secular community in the southern end of the Gush Katif settlement bloc, only 200 metres from the Egyptian border and close to the Palestinian city of Rafah. ... Slav (×©×œ×™×•), (quail in Hebrew), was an Israeli settlement in the Gush Katif settlement bloc, located in the south-west edge of the Gaza Strip, and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... Shirat Hayam (Hebrew:×©×™×¨×ª ×”×™×), lit. ... Tel Katifa (×ª×œ ×§×˜×™×¤×”), was a small Israeli settlement located in the northeast end of the Gush Katif settlement bloc of the Gaza Strip, and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ... Ganim (Hebrew: ) was an Israeli settlement in the West Bank region of Samaria under the administrative local government of the Shomron Regional Council. ... View from Homesh. ... The Israel Defense Forces are part of the Israeli Security Forces. ... Israel, with the West Bank, Gaza Strip and Golan Heights The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which is often claimed to be at the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict, is an ongoing dispute between two peoples, Jewish Israelis and Arab Palestinians, that both claim the right to sovereignty over the Land... Anthem Biladi Capital (and largest city) Gaza Official languages Arabic Government Created 1949 Area - Total 360 kmÂ² (212th) 130 sq mi - Water (%) 0 Population - estimate 1. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... August 16 is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Under the disengagement plan adopted on June 6, 2004 [2], the IDF would have remained on the Gaza-Egypt border and could have engaged in further house demolitions to widen a 'buffer zone' there (Art 6). However, Israel later decided to leave the border area, which is now controlled by Egypt and the Palestinians, through the PNA. Israel will continue to control Gaza's coastline and airspace and reserves the right to undertake military operations when necessary. (Art 3.1). Egypt will control Gaza's Egyptian border. Israel will continue to provide Gaza with water, communication, electricity, and sewage networks (Art 8); existing customs arrangements with Israel — under which imports from Israel to Gaza are not taxed, exports from Gaza to Israel are taxed, and Israel collects customs duties on foreign products entering Gaza—will remain in force and the Israeli currency will continue to be used (Art 10). June 6 is the 157th day of the year (158th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Because the Palestinian Authority in Gaza does not believe it has sufficient control of the area at this time, foreign observers such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, Human Rights Watch and various legal experts have argued that the disengagement will not end Israel's legal responsibility as an occupying power in Gaza. Israel and Egypt have concluded an agreement under which Egypt can increase the number of police on its side of the border, while the IDF evacuates the Gazan side. The text of the agreement is not yet public. [3].

Chronology

Political

Ariel Sharon first announced his plan at the 2004 Herzliya Conference, sponsored by the Institute for Policy and Strategy. Failing to gain public support from senior ministers, Sharon agreed that the Likud party would hold a referendum on the plan in advance of an Israeli cabinet vote. The referendum was held on May 2, 2004 and ended with 65% of the voters against the disengagement plan, despite most polls showing approximately 55% of Likud members supporting the plan before the referendum. Likud (Hebrew: ×œ×™×›×•×“, literally means consolidation) is a centre-right political party in Israel. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... A cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of government, typically representing the executive branch. ... May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Likud (Hebrew: ×œ×™×›×•×“, literally means consolidation) is a centre-right political party in Israel. ...

Commentators and the press described the rejection of the plan as a blow to Sharon. Sharon himself announced that he accepted the Likud referendum results and would take time to consider his steps. He ordered Minister of Defense Shaul Mofaz to create an amended plan which Likud voters could accept. Defense Ministers of Israel, 1948-present Categories: | | ... Shaul Mofaz during a meeting with U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld on November 10, 2003. ...

Sharon had originally dubbed his unilateral disengagement plan, the "separation plan" or Tokhnit HaHafrada before realizing that, "separation sounded bad, particularly in English, because it evoked apartheid." ^[3] Unilateralism is an antonym for multilateralism. ...

On June 6, 2004, Sharon's government approved an amended disengagement plan, but with the reservation that the dismantling of each settlement should be voted separately. The plan was approved with a 14-7 majority but only after the National Union ministers and cabinet members Avigdor Liberman and Binyamin Elon were dismissed from the cabinet, and a compromise offer by Likud's cabinet member Tzipi Livni was achieved. June 6 is the 157th day of the year (158th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... National Union (Hebrew: Haihud HaLeumi ×”××™×—×•×“ ×”×œ××•×ž×™) is an Israeli right-wing party list (×¡×™×¢×”) formed from the merger of three parties: Moledet (homeland), Tkuma (revival) and Renewed National Religious Zionist party. The three parties still operate somewhat independently, but run as one party list in Israeli elections. ... Avigdor Liberman Avigdor Liberman (b. ... Rabbi Binyamin Benny Elon (1954-) is an Israeli politician, a Member of the Knesset and chairman of the Israeli nationalist right-wing party the National Union. ... Tzipi Livni with U.S. President George W. Bush at the White House, September 13, 2006 Tzipora Tzipi Livni (Hebrew: ) (born Tel Aviv, July 5, 1958) is Foreign Affairs Minister and Vice Prime Minister of the state of Israel. ...

Following the approval of the plan, it was decided to close the Erez industrial zone and move its factories to development towns such as Ashkelon, Dimona, Yeruham, and Sderot. This was claimed by some news sources to be for security reasons, possibly due to what a senior Palestinian security official admits to tens of Israeli soldiers and officers meeting their deaths in suicide bombings, shooting and Qassam rocket attacks there. Nevertheless, Ehud Olmert, then the Minister of Industry, Trade, and Labor, stated that the closing was part of Israel's plan to withdraw from the Gaza Strip ^[4]. The closing was later responsible for a considerable increase in unemployment in the Gaza Strip. Hebrew ×Ö·×©Ö°××§Ö°×œ×•Ö¹×Ÿ (Standard) AÅ¡qÉ™lon Arabic Ø¹Ø³Ù‚Ù„Ø§Ù† Founded in 1951 Government City Also Spelled Ashqelon (officially) District South Population 105,100 (2004) Jurisdiction 55,000 dunams (55 kmÂ²) Mayor Roni Mahatzri Ashkelon (Hebrew: â€Ž; Tiberian Hebrew Ê¾AÅ¡qÉ™lÃ´n; Arabic: â€Ž ; Latin: Ascalon) is a city in the western Negev, in the... Dimona is an Israeli city in the Negev desert, 36 kilometers to the south of Beer-Sheva and 35 kilometers west of the Dead Sea in the Southern District of Israel. ... Yeruham (Hebrew: ×™Ö°×¨Ö»×—Ö¸×, ) is a town (local council) in the Southern District of Israel, in the Negev desert. ... Sederot (Hebrew: (helpÂ·info); unofficially also spelled Sderot) is a city in the Southern District of Israel in Israel. ... The remnants of an exploded Qassam rocket that was fired from the Gaza Strip at Israel. ... Ehud Olmert (IPA ; Hebrew:××”×•×“ ××•×œ×ž×¨×˜; born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel. ...

As a result of the passing of the plan (in principle), two NRP (National Religious Party) ministers, Efi Eytam and Yitzhak Levi, resigned, leaving the government with a minority in the Knesset. Later, the entire faction quit after their calls to hold a national referendum were ignored. Mafdal party logo The National Religious Party (Hebrew: Mafdal, ×ž×¤×“×œ) is an Israeli political party representing the religious Zionist movement. ... Ephraim (Efi, Effie) Eitam (Fein) אפי איתם is an Israeli religious Zionist politician. ... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (×‘×™×ª ×›× ×¡×ª) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ...

Sharon's pushing through this plan alienated many of his supporters on the right and garnered him unusual support from the left-wing in Israel. The right believes that Sharon ignored the mandate he had been elected on, and instead adopted the platform of his Labor opponent, Amram Mitzna, who was overwhelmingly defeated when he campaigned on a disengagement plan of far smaller magnitude. At that time, Sharon referred to Gaza communities such as Netzarim as "no different than Tel Aviv", and said that they are of such strategic value that "the fate of Netzarim (a Jewish village in the Gaza area) is the fate of Jerusalem." Amram Mitzna is an Israeli politician who served as the mayor of Haifa from 1993 to 2003. ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Last Gaza settlement cleared, West Bank towns prepare to resist The Israeli settlement of Netzarim was created as a kibbutz in 1984 (the kibbutz split a few years later in order to become a village). ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ...

Many on both sides remained skeptical of his will to carry out a withdrawal beyond Gaza and the northern West Bank. Sharon had a majority for the plan in the government but not within his own party. This forced him to seek a National Unity government, which was established in January 2005. Opponents of the plan, and some ministers, such as Benjamin Netanyahu and former minister Natan Sharansky, called on Sharon to hold a national referendum to prove that he has a mandate, which he refused to do. (Hebrew: ×‘Ö´Ö¼× Ö°×™Ö¸×žÖ´×™×Ÿ × Ö°×ªÖ·× Ö°×™Ö¸×”×•Ö¼ (without niqqud: ×‘× ×™×ž×™×Ÿ × ×ª× ×™×”×•), Hebrew transliteration written in English: Binyamin Netanyahu, nicknamed Bibi) (born October 21, 1949, Tel Aviv) was the 9th Prime Minister of Israel and is a leading figure in the Likud party. ... Natan Sharansky (Hebrew: × ×ª×Ÿ ×©×¨× ×¡×§×™, Russian: ÐÐ°Ñ‚Ð°Ð½ Ð‘Ð¾Ñ€Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‡ Ð©Ð°Ñ€Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹; born January 20, 1948) is a notable former Soviet anticommunist, Zionist, Israeli politician and writer. ...

On September 14, the Israeli cabinet approved, by a 9-1 majority, plans to compensate settlers who left the Gaza Strip, with only the National Religious Party's Zevulun Orlev opposing. The government's plan for compensation uses a formula that bases actual amounts on location, house size, and number of family members among other factors. Most families should receive between U.S.$200,000 and 300,000. September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Mafdal party logo The National Religious Party (Hebrew: Mafdal, ×ž×¤×“×œ) is an Israeli political party representing the religious Zionist movement. ... Zevulun Orlev זבולון אורלב is an Israeli politician. ...

On October 11, at the opening of the Knesset winter session, Sharon outlined his plan to start legislation for the disengagement in the beginning of November. In a symbolic act, the Knesset voted 53-44 against Sharon's address: the Israeli Labor party voted against, while the National Religious Party and ten members of Likud refused to support Sharon in the vote. October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (×‘×™×ª ×›× ×¡×ª) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ... Labour (העבודה HaAvoda) is an Israeli political party. ... Mafdal party logo The National Religious Party (Hebrew: Mafdal, ×ž×¤×“×œ) is an Israeli political party representing the religious Zionist movement. ... Likud (Hebrew: ×œ×™×›×•×“, literally means consolidation) is a centre-right political party in Israel. ...

On October 26, the Knesset gave preliminary approval for the plan with 67 for, 45 against, 7 abstentions, and 1 member absent. Netanyahu and three other cabinet ministers from Sharon's ruling Likud government threatened to resign unless Sharon agreed to hold a national referendum on the plan within fourteen days. October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 66 days remaining. ...

On November 9, Netanyahu withdrew his resignation threat, saying "In this new situation [the death of Yasser Arafat], I decided to stay in the government". Following the vote fourteen days earlier, and Sharon's subsequent refusal to budge on the referendum issue, the three other cabinet ministers from the Likud party backed down from their threat within days. November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Not to be confused with Yasir Arafat (cricketer). ...

On December 30, Sharon sealed a deal with the Labor Party to form a coalition, with Shimon Peres becoming Vice Premier, restoring the government's majority in the Knesset. December 30 is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 1 day remaining. ... (Hebrew: ), born Szymon Perske on August 2, 1923 in Poland is an Israeli politician who has been active in Israeli politics for over 50 years. ... There are currently two Vice Prime-Ministers in the State of Israel. ...

On February 16, 2005, the Knesset finalized and approved the plan with 59 in favor, 40 opposed, 5 abstaining. A proposed amendment to submit the plan to a referendum was rejected, 29-72. February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On March 28, the Knesset again rejected a bill to delay the implementation of the disengagement plan by a vote of 72 to 39. The bill was introduced by a group of Likud MKs who wanted to force a referendum on the issue. [5] March 28 is the 87th day of the year (88th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On March 17, the IDF Southern Command issued a military order prohibiting Israeli citizens who do not reside in the Gaza Strip settlements from relocating to that area. March 17 is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Israel Defense Forces are part of the Israeli Security Forces. ...

On August 7, Netanyahu resigned just prior to the cabinet ratification of the first phase of the disengagement plan by a vote of 17 to 5. Netanyahu blamed the Israeli government for moving "blindly along" with the disengagement by not taking into account the expected upsurge in terrorism. August 7 is the 219th day of the year (220th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On August 10, in his first speech before the Knesset following his resignation, Netanyahu spoke of the necessity for Knesset members to oppose the proposed disengagement. Terrorist redirects here. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On August 15, Sharon said that, while he had hoped Israel could keep the Gaza settlements forever, reality simply intervened. "It is out of strength and not weakness that we are taking this step", repeating his argument that the disengagement plan has given Israel the diplomatic initiative. [8] August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ...

On August 31, the Knesset voted to withdraw from the Gaza-Egypt border and to allow Egyptian deployment of border police along the demilitarized Egyptian side of the border, revising the previously-stated intent to maintain Israeli control of the border. August 31 is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On September 11, the cabinet reversed an earlier decision and decided not to demolish synagogues in the settlements. This enabled the IDF to complete its pullout that night, ending in the early hours of September 12, 2005. The Palestinian National Authority protested Israel's decision, arguing that it would rather Israel dismantle the synagogues [9]. While Israel called on the PNA to protect former Jewish places of worship, Palestinian looters scavenged items from the rubble of former homes (destroyed by Israel before withdrawal) and burned and destroyed four of the synagogues. The Jerusalem Post reported that "Palestinian bulldozers began on Monday afternoon to knock down the synagogues left in the Gaza Strip" Gaza.[10][11] September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... A synagogue (from Ancient Greek: , transliterated synagogÄ“, assembly; Hebrew: beit knesset, house of assembly; Yiddish: , shul; Ladino: , esnoga) is a Jewish place of religious worship. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Jerusalem Post is an Israeli newspaper in the English language. ...

Public reaction

On June 9, 2005, a poll on Israeli Channel 2 showed that public support for the plan had fallen below 50 percent for the first time. [12] June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On August 10, 2005, in response to calls from Jewish religious leaders, including former Chief Rabbis Avraham Shapira, Ovadia Yosef, and Mordechai Eliyahu, between 70,000 (police estimate) and 250,000 (organizers' estimate) Jews gathered for a rally centered at the Western Wall in prayer to ask that the planned disengagement be cancelled. The crowds that showed up for the rally overwhelmed the Western Wall's capacity and extended as far as the rest of the Old City and surrounding Jerusalem neighborhoods. The prayer rally was the largest of its kind for over 15 years, since the opposition to the Madrid Conference of 1991. ^{[13][14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]} August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Rabbi Avraham Shapira is a prominent figure in the Religious Zionist world. ... Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (Hebrew: ×¢×•×‘×“×™×” ×™×•×¡×£) (b. ... Mordechai Eliyahu (born: 1929, Jerusalem) was a former Sephardi Chief Rabbi of Israel. ... Western Wall by night â€œWailing Wallâ€ redirects here. ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... The Madrid Conference was hosted by the government of Spain and co-sponsored by the USA and the USSR. It convened on October 30, 1991 and lasted for three days. ...

On August 11, 2005, between 150,000 (police estimates) and 300,000 (organizers' estimates) people massed in and around Tel Aviv's Rabin Square for an anti-disengagement rally. Organizers called the event "the largest expression of public protest ever held in Israel." ^[20] According to a police spokesman, it was one of the largest rallies in recent memory. ^{[21] [22][23] [24]} August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... Rabin Square and the City Hall Rabin Square which is named after the late assassinated Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Rabin, is a large square in central Tel Aviv. ...

The disengagement itself

On April 8, 2005, Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz said that Israel should consider not demolishing the evacuated buildings in the Gaza Strip, with the exception of synagogues (due to fears of their potential desecration, which eventually did occur), since it would be more costly and time consuming. This contrasted with the original plan by the Prime Minister to demolish all vacated buildings. Image File history File links GushKatif_yad-leachim. ... Image File history File links GushKatif_yad-leachim. ... April 8 is the 98th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (99th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Shaul Mofaz during a meeting with U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld on November 10, 2003. ...

On May 9, the beginning of the evacuation of settlements was officially pushed back from July 20 to August 15, so as to not coincide with the Jewish holidays of the Three Weeks and Tisha B'Av, traditionally marking grief and destruction. May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (130th in leap years). ... July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... A Jewish holiday or Jewish Festival is a day or series of days observed by Jews as holy or secular commemorations of important events in Jewish history. ... The Three Weeks are days of mourning commemorating the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem within Judaism. ... Tisha BAv (×ª×©×¢×” ×‘××‘ tishâ€˜Äh bÉ™-Äá¸‡) is a major annual fast day in Judaism. ...

On July 13, Sharon signed the closure order of Gush Katif, making the area a closed military zone. From that point on, only residents who presented Israeli ID cards with their registered address in Gush Katif were permitted to enter. Permits for 24-48 hours were given to select visitors for a few weeks before the entire area was completely sealed off to non-residents. Despite this ban, supporters of Gush Katif managed to sneak in by foot through fields and dirt. Estimates range from a few hundred to a few thousand people were there illegally at this time. At one point, Sharon was ready to send in the border police (Magav) to remove non-residents, but decided against it because the manpower requirement would have been too great. July 13 is the 194th day of the year (195th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Homes alongside a sand dune in Neve Dekalim. ... The Israel Border Police (Hebrew: ×ž×©×ž×¨ ×”×’×‘×•×œ, Mishmar HaGvul) is the combat branch of the Israeli Police. ...

At midnight between August 14 and 15, the Kissufim crossing was shut down, and the Gaza Strip became officially closed for entrance by Israelis. The evacuation in agreement continued after midnight of the August 17, for the settlers who ask an extension for packing their things. August 14 is the 226th day of the year (227th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On August 17, the first forced evacuation of settlers, as part of the disengagement, commenced under Maj. Gen. Dan Harel of the Southern Command's orders. About 14,000 Israeli soldiers and police prepared to forcibly evict settlers and "mistanenim" (infiltrators). There were scenes of troops dragging screaming settlers from houses and synagogues, but with less violence than expected. [25] August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Settlers are people who have travelled of their own choice, from the land of their birth to live in new lands or colonies. ... Maj. ... The Israeli Southern Command is a regional command of the Israel Defense Forces. ...

The August 19 Guardian reported that some settlers had their children leave their homes with their hands up, or wearing a Star of David badge, to associate the actions of Israel with Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. ^[26] Image File history File links Gaza_chants_clip. ... Software development stages In computer programming, development stage terminology expresses how the development of a piece of software has progressed and how much further development it may require. ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Guardian is a British newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. ... The Star of David The Star of David in the oldest surviving complete copy of the Masoretic text, the Leningrad Codex, dated 1008. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... â€œShoahâ€ redirects here. ...

On August 22, Netzarim's inhabitants were expelled by the Israeli military. ^[27] This officially marked the end of the 38-year-long Israeli presence on the Gaza Strip, although demolition crews continued to work there, and the official handover was planned to occur some weeks later. August 22 is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikinews has news related to this article: Last Gaza settlement cleared, West Bank towns prepare to resist The Israeli settlement of Netzarim was created as a kibbutz in 1984 (the kibbutz split a few years later in order to become a village). ...

On August 23, the evacuation of the four West Bank settlements was accomplished; while the residents of Ganim and Kadim, mostly middle-class seculars, have long left their homes, several families and about 2,000 outsiders tried to prevent the evacuation of Sa-Nur and Homesh, who had a larger percent of observant population. Following negotiations, the evacuation was completed relatively peacefully. This ended, according to IDF commander-in-chief Dan Halutz, the first of four stages of disengagement: evacuation of residents, evacuation of civilian property, demolition of houses, and finally relocation of IDF installations. The date for official withdrawal from the Gaza Strip was set to September 10-20. August 23 is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Hebrew: ) (born August 7, 1948 in Tel Aviv, Israel) is an Israeli Air Force Lt. ... September 10 is the 253rd day of the Gregorian calendar (254th in leap years). ...

On September 7, the IDF announced that it planned to advance its full withdrawal from the Gaza Strip to September 12, pending Israeli cabinet approval ^[28]. It was also announced that in the area evacuated in the West Bank the IDF plans to transfer all control (excluding building permits and anti-terrorism) to the PNA - the area will remain "Area C" (full Israeli control) de jure, but "Area A" (full PNA control) de facto. September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... Look up De jure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... De facto is a Latin expression that means in fact or in practice. It is commonly used as opposed to de jure (meaning by law) when referring to matters of law or governance or technique (such as standards), that are found in the common experience as created or developed without...

On September 11, a ceremony was held when the last Israeli flag was lowered in the IDF's Gaza Strip divisional headquarters ^[29]. All IDF soldiers pulled out of the strip in the following hours. The last soldier left the strip and the Kissufim gate was closed in the early morning of September 12. ^[30] This completed the Israeli pullout from the Gaza Strip. September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... Kissufim is the name of an Israeli kibbutz several miles from Israels border with the Gaza strip. ... September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ...

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 762 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (1393 Ã— 1096 pixel, file size: 308 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Elley Sinai Refugee camp: Elly Sinai (××œ×™ ×¡×™× ×™) was a Jewish settlement which was uprooted in Sharons 2005 disengagement plan, this is a refugee camp of... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 762 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (1393 Ã— 1096 pixel, file size: 308 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Elley Sinai Refugee camp: Elly Sinai (××œ×™ ×¡×™× ×™) was a Jewish settlement which was uprooted in Sharons 2005 disengagement plan, this is a refugee camp of... Elei Sinai (Hebrew: ) was a community settlement in the north of Gaza Strip. ... Memorial to Mordechaj Anielewicz at kibbutz Yad Mordechai Yad Mordechai (×™×“ ×ž×¨×“×›×™) is a kibbutz located 10 km south of Ashkelon, Israel. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2448 Ã— 3264 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2448 Ã— 3264 pixel, file size: 3. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... Netzer Hazani (× ×¦×¨ ×—×–× ×™) was an Israeli settlement located in the northeast corner of the Gush Katif settlement bloc and evacuated in Israels disengagement of 2005. ...

Criticisms

The unilateral disengagement plan has been criticized from various viewpoints. In Israel, it has been criticized by the settlers themselves, supported by the Israeli right, who saw Ariel Sharon's action as a betrayal of his previous policies of support of settlement. Conversely, Disengagement has been criticised by parts of the Israeli left, who viewed it as nothing more than a mode of stalling negotiations and increasing Israeli presence in the West Bank^{[citation needed]}.

Anti-withdrawal criticism

Within Israel, disengagement has been criticized heavily, both for its very execution, and for the manner in which it was executed.

From the very beginning, Sharon was accused of hijacking the mandate he received for a cause he was not elected. In 2003, Sharon was elected over Labor Party chairman, Amram Mitzna. Mitzna ran on a platform that included a separation plan very similar to Sharon's Disengagement Plan. Sharon ran with an opposing platform, rejecting the idea of unilateral separation from the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. At a certain point, Sharon even declared that Netzarim's fate was the same as Tel Aviv's. This is considered Sharon's major betrayal of the very people that elected him into office.^{[citation needed]} The Israeli Labor Party (Hebrew: , Mifleget HaAvoda HaYisraelit), generally known in Israel as Avoda (Hebrew: ) is a center-left political party in Israel. ... Amram Mitzna is an Israeli politician who served as the mayor of Haifa from 1993 to 2003. ...

In the cabinet's initial June vote over the plan Benjamin Netanyahu, then Finance Minster, announced he would vote in favor of the plan only if Sharon promised to hold a national referendum to decide the fate of the Gaza Strip and the northern West Bank. Such a referendum was never held, in spite of Sharon's commitment. (Hebrew: ×‘Ö´Ö¼× Ö°×™Ö¸×žÖ´×™×Ÿ × Ö°×ªÖ·× Ö°×™Ö¸×”×•Ö¼ (without niqqud: ×‘× ×™×ž×™×Ÿ × ×ª× ×™×”×•), Hebrew transliteration written in English: Binyamin Netanyahu, nicknamed Bibi) (born October 21, 1949, Tel Aviv) was the 9th Prime Minister of Israel and is a leading figure in the Likud party. ... Finance Ministers of Israel, 1948-present Eliezer Kaplan 1948-1952 Levi Eshkol 1952-1963 Pinhas Sapir 1963-1968 Zeev Sharef 1968-1969 Pinhas Sapir 1969-1974 Yehoshua Rabinowitz 1974-1977 Simcha Ehrlich 1977-1979 Yigal Hurwitz 1979-1981 Yoram Aridor 1981-1983 Yigal Cohen-Orgad 1983-1984 Yitzhak Moda...

Security arguments have also been made against the Disengagement Plan. With the IDF leaving the Gaza Strip, more of Israel is vulnerable to Qassam rocket attacks. Indeed, the Qassam's reach has only grown since the disengagement.^{[citation needed]} The Israel Defense Forces are part of the Israeli Security Forces. ... The remnants of an exploded Qassam rocket that was fired from the Gaza Strip at Israel. ...

Aftermath

Hopes for peace among many people were dashed when Hamas was elected as the Palestinian government and when Operation Summer Rains started less than a year after disengagement. Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Combatants Israel Defense Forces (Israeli Security Forces) Hamas Popular Resistance Committees, al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, Jaish al-Islam Commanders Dan Halutz (Chief of Staff) Yoav Galant (Regional) Khaled Mashal (Leader of Hamas[1])Mohammed Deif (Leader of Hamas military wing) Strength 3,000 unknown Casualties 5 soldiers killed 21 soldiers...

Some Israelis believe that the disengagement's aftermath is a disgrace. This view holds that Sharon was in such a rush to execute his plan that he did not plan accordingly for the residents that have since been evicted. Most of the former settlers were housed in hotels and guesthouses for the first few months, being threatened with further eviction numerous times. People were still residing in hotel rooms right up until Passover (in April) of 2006, more than eight months after losing their homes. Pasch redirects here. ...

Another issue of contention is monetary compensation. As of April 2006, only a minimal cash advance has been given (approx. $10,000) to families to survive until they obtain new jobs, which has been difficult for most people, considering most of the newly unemployed are middle-aged and have lost the agricultural resources that were their livelihood. Those seeking restitution have also had to negotiate legal and bureaucratic hurdles.

This criticism received further support from the State Comptroller's, Micha Lindenstrauss, report, which determined that the treatment of the evacuees was "big failure" and pointed out many shortcomings. Micha Lindenstrauss Micha Lindenstrauss (Hebrew: ×ž×™×›×” ×œ×™× ×“× ×©×˜×¨××•×¡) (born: 1937) is an Israeli judge and the current State Comptroller. ...

The future remains uncertain for the former settlers. While some have begun to find permanent housing, many remain in various forms of temporary housing. None of the settlers received their full compensation.

Pro-withdrawal criticism

The Disengagement Plan was also criticized from the opposite viewpoint, as a tentative to make perpetual the different settlements of the West Bank, while the Gaza strip was rendered to the Palestinian National Authority as an economically-uninteresting territory with a Muslim population of nearly 1.4 million, seen as a "threat" to the Jewish identity of the Israeli democratic state. As Leila Shahid, speaker of the PNA in Europe declared, the sole fact of carrying out the plan unilaterally already showed that the plan was only thought of according to the objectives of Israel as viewed by Sharon. Brian Cowen, Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs and speaker of the European Union (EU), announced the EU's disapproval of the plan's limited scope in that it did not address withdrawal from the entire West Bank. He said that the EU "will not recognize any change to the pre-1967 borders other than those arrived at by agreement between the parties." However, Europe has given tentative backing to the Disengagement plan as part of the road map for peace. In the same time that Sharon was preparing the withdrawal, pointed out critics, he was favoring settlements in the West Bank, among them Ma'ale Adumim, the largest Israeli settlement near Jerusalem. According to Peace Now, the number of settlers increased by 6,100 compared with 2004, to reach 250,000 in the West Bank. In an October 6, 2004, interview with Haaretz, Dov Weissglas, Sharon's chief of staff, declared: "The significance of the disengagement plan is the freezing of the peace process... When you freeze that process, you prevent the establishment of a Palestinian state and you prevent a discussion on the refugees, the borders and Jerusalem. Disengagement supplies the amount of formaldehyde that is necessary so there will not be a political process with the Palestinians"^[4] There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…Ø§Ù†, Turkish: MÃ¼slÃ¼man, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Leila Shahid (born in Beyrouth in 1949) is since 1994 the envoy of Palestine to France. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Combatants Israel Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq Saudi Arabia Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Mordechai Hod, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Zaid ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 264,000 (incl. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Peace Now (Hebrew: ×©×œ×•× ×¢×›×©×™×• - Shalom Achshav) is an extra-parliamental political movement in Israel, with the agenda of swaying popular opinion and convincing the Israeli government of the need and possibility for achieving a just peace and an historic conciliation with the Palestinian people and neighboring Arab countries; this in exchange... October 6 is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years). ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Haaretz (Hebrew: (helpÂ· info), The Land) is an Israeli newspaper, founded in 1919. ... Proposals for a Palestinian state vary depending on ones views of Palestinian statehood, as well as various definitions of Palestine and Palestinian (see also Palestinian state and State of Palestine). ...

Positions of foreign governments

U.S. government position

U.S. president George W. Bush endorsed the plan as a positive step towards the road map for peace. At a joint press conference with Ariel Sharon on April 11, 2005 he said: The presidential seal was first used in 1880 by President Rutherford B. Hayes and last modified in 1959 by adding the 50th star for Hawaii. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

And in his May 26, 2005, joint press conference welcoming Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas to the White House, President Bush elaborated: May 26 is the 146th day of the year (147th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…ÙˆØ¯ Ø¹Ø¨Ø§Ø³) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya or nom de guerre Abu Mazen (Ø§Ø¨Ùˆ Ù…Ø§Ø²Ù†), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005, and took office on January 15, 2005. ... For other uses, see White House (disambiguation). ...

On April 11, 2005, President Bush stated: April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

However, in his May 26, 2005 joint press conference with Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas, in the Rose Garden, President Bush stated his expectations vis-a-vis the Roadmap Plan as follows: May 26 is the 146th day of the year (147th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... See: The White House Rose Garden. ...

While initially President Bush stated that "a full and complete return to the armistice lines of 1949" would be an "unrealistic" "outcome of the final status negotiations", the most recent position is that "changes to the 1949 Armistice lines must be mutually agreed to." Essentially, a Palestinian demand that Israel withdraw to the 1949 lines would become "the position of the United States".

European Union position

Javier Solana, European Union High Representative for Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), stated on June 10, 2004: Javier Solana Francisco Javier Solana Madariaga (born July 14, 1942 in Madrid, Spain) is the High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and the Secretary-General of both the Council of the European Union (EU) and the Western European Union (WEU). ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs, Brian Cowen (Ireland having Presidency of the EU at the time), announced the European Union's disapproval of the plan's limited scope in that it does not address withdrawal from the entire West Bank. He said that the EU "will not recognize any change to the pre-1967 borders other than those arrived at by agreement between the parties." However, Europe has given tentative backing to the Disengagement Plan as part of the road map for peace.

United Nations position

Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary-General, commended on August 18, 2005 ([33]) what he called Israeli Prime Minister Sharon’s "courageous decision" to carry through with the painful process of disengagement, expressed the hope that "both Palestinians and Israelis will exercise restraint in this challenging period", and "believes that a successful disengagement should be the first step towards a resumption of the peace process, in accordance with the Road Map", referring to the plan sponsored by the diplomatic Quartet – UN, EU, Russia, and the United States – which calls for a series of parallel steps leading to two states living side-by-side in peace by the end of the year. Kofi Atta Annan (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1997 to January 1, 2007, serving two five-year terms. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Quartet on the Middle East, sometimes called the Diplomatic Quartet or simply the Quartet, is a foursome of nations and international entities involved in mediating the peace process between Israel and the Palestinian People. ...

Ibrahim Gambari, Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs, told the Security Council on August 24, 2005 [34]: Dr. Ibrahim Agboola Gambari B.A., M.A., Ph. ... August 24 is the 236th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (237th in leap years), with 129 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Public opinion about the plan

Palestinian opinions

The PA, in the absence of a final peace settlement, has welcomed any military withdrawal from the territories, but many Palestinian Arabs have objected to the plan, stating that it aims to "bypass" past international agreements, and instead call for a complete withdrawal from the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Their suspicions were further aroused when top Sharon aide Dov Weisglass was quoted in an interview with Israeli newspaper Haaretz on October 6, 2004, as saying that the disengagement would prevent a Palestinian state for years to come (see above). October 6 is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years). ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

This incident has bolstered the position of critics of the plan that Sharon is intentionally trying to scuttle the peace process. [35] Israeli officials, including Weisglass, denied this accusation, and media critics have asserted that the Weisglass interview was widely distorted and taken out of context. [36]

On August 8, 2005, Haaretz quoted a top Palestinian Authority religious cleric, Sheikh Jamal al-Bawatna, the mufti of the Ramallah district, in a fatwa (a religious edict) banning shooting attacks against Israeli security forces and settlements, out of concern they might lead to a postponement of the pullout. According to Haaretz, this is the first time that a Muslim cleric has forbidden shooting at Israeli forces [37]. August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Mufti (Arabic: Ù…ÙØªÙ‰ ) is an Islamic scholar who is an interpreter or expounder of Islamic law (Sharia), capable of issuing fataawa (plural of fatwa). // Role of a Mufti in governments In theocracies like Saudi Arabia and Iran, and in some countries where the constitution is based on sharia law, such... Ramallah (Arabic: ) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank of approximately 57,000 residents. ... A fatwÄ (Arabic: ; plural fatÄwÄ Arabic: ), is a considered opinion in Islam made by a mufti, a scholar capable of issuing judgments on Sharia (Islamic law). ...

On August 15, 2005, scenes of delight took place across the Arab world, following the long-ingrained suspicion that the disengagement would not take place. [38][39] August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Israeli opinions

A September 15, 2004 survey published in Maariv showed that: Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Maariv House (the newspaper headquarters) in Carlebach street, Tel Aviv Maariv (Hebrew: , transl. ...

Polls on support for the plan have consistently shown support for the plan in the 50-60% range, and opposition in the 30-40% range. A June 9, 2005, Dahaf Institute/Yedioth Ahronoth poll showed support for the plan at 53%, and opposition at 38%. [42] A June 17, telephone poll published in Maariv showed 54% of Israel’s Jews supporting the plan. A poll carried out by the Midgam polling company, on June 29 found support at 48% and opposition at 41%, [43] but a Dahaf Institute/Yedioth Ahronot poll of the same day found support at 62% and opposition at 31%. [44] A poll conducted the week of July 17 by the Tel Aviv University Institute for Media, Society, and Politics shows that Israeli approval of the disengagement is at 48%; 43% of the respondents believe that Palestinian terrorism will increase following disengagement, versus 25% who believe that terrorism will decline. [45] June 9 is the 160th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (161st in leap years), with 205 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Yedioth Ahronoth (Hebrew: ×™×“×™×¢×•×ª ××—×¨×•× ×•×ª, meaning latest news) is a major daily Israeli newspaper, written in Hebrew. ... June 17 is the 168th day of the year (169th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 185 days remaining. ... July 17 is the 198th day of the year (199th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Engineering Faculty Boulevard The Smolarz Auditorium Tel Aviv University (TAU, ××•× ×™×‘×¨×¡×™×˜×ª ×ª×œ ××‘×™×‘, ××ª×) is one of Israels major universities. ... Terrorist redirects here. ...

On July 25, 2004, the "Human Chain", a rally of tens of thousands of Israelis to protest against the plan and for a national referendum took place. The protestors formed a human chain from Nisanit (later moved to Erez crossing because of security concerns) in the Gaza Strip to the Western Wall in Jerusalem a distance of 90 km. [46] On October 14, 2004, 100,000 Israelis marched in cities throughout Israel to protest the plan under the slogan "100 cities support Gush Katif and Samaria". [47] July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 228 Hand-in-Hand Rally human chain was 500-km long. ... Gaza Strip Barrier near the Karni Crossing The Israeli Gaza Strip barrier is a separation barrier along the armistice line of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War between the Gaza Strip and Israel. ... Western Wall by night â€œWailing Wallâ€ redirects here. ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Homes alongside a sand dune in Neve Dekalim. ... It has been suggested that Sebastia, Middle East be merged into this article or section. ...

On May 16, 2005, a nonviolent protest was held throughout the country, with the protesters blocking major traffic arteries throughout Israel. The protest was sponsored by "HaBayit HaLeumi", and was hailed by them as a success, with over 400 protestors arrested, half of them juveniles. Over 40 intersections throughout the country were blocked, including: May 16 is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... HaBayit HaLeumi (In Hebrew: The National Home/House) is an organization based in Israel dedicated to stopping Israels unilateral disengagement plan of Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon. ...

On July 18, 2005, another nonviolent protest was held. The protest began in Netivot near Gaza. An independent media organization, WorldNetDaily, estimated that the crowd in Netivot numbered close to 70,000, most of whom walked to Kfar Maimon. [48] The protest march ended July 21 after police prevented protesters from continuing to Gush Katif. For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 166 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Netivot (נתיבות) is a city in the Southern District of Israel in Israel. ... July 21 is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

On August 2, 2005, another protest against disengagement began in Sderot with approximately 50,000 attendees. August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sederot (Hebrew: (helpÂ·info); unofficially also spelled Sderot) is a city in the Southern District of Israel in Israel. ...

A widely-publicized weeklong show of support for the disengagement attracted only tens of supporters. The supporters drove in a caravan through Israel, ending in Jerusalem. According to the organizer, there were at most seventy cars involved. [49]

Those advocating suspension or cancellation of the plan have often quoted one or more of these arguments:

Orange ribbons in Israel symbolize opposition to the disengagement; it is the color of the flag of the Gaza coast Regional Council, as well as being reminiscent of the Orange Revolution in Ukraine. Blue ribbons (sometimes blue-and-white ribbons) symbolize support for the disengagement and are intended to invoke the Israeli flag. The Land of Israel (Hebrew: Eretz Yisrael) refers to the land making up the ancient Jewish Kingdoms of Israel and Judah. ... This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ... This article is about commandments in Judaism. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... In the context of war, a war crime is a punishable offense under International Law, for violations of the laws of war by any person or persons, military or civilian. ... The Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005 took place on February 8, (2005), when four Middle Eastern leaders gathered at Sharm el-Sheikh, a town at the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in order to declare their wish to work towards the end of the four-year Al-Aqsa... Sheikh Izz ad-Din al-Qassam (Arabic: عزّ الدين القسّام) (1882-1935) was born in Latakia, Syria and immigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... The orange ribbon is a symbol of the Ukrainian Orange Revolution of 2004. ... Orange-clad supporters of Viktor Yushchenko gather in Independence Square in Kiev. ... This article is about the symbol. ... The flag of Israel was adopted on October 28, 1948, five months after the states establishment. ...

American opinions

Polls in the U.S. about the question of the Gaza pullout produced varied results. One poll commissioned by the Anti-Defamation League, and conducted by the Marttila Communications Group from June 19–23, 2005 among 2200 American adults, found that 71% of respondents felt that the Disengagement Plan is closer to a "bold step that would advance the Peace Process" than to a "capitulation to terrorist violence", while 12% felt that the plan is more of a "capitulation" than a "bold step". Anti-Defamation League Logo The Anti-Defamation League (or ADL) is an advocacy group founded by Bnai Brith in the United States whose stated aim is to stop, by appeals to reason and conscience and, if necessary, by appeals to law, the defamation of the Jewish people. ...

Another poll commissioned by the Zionist Organization of America, and conducted by McLaughlin & Associates on June 26 - June 27, 2005, with a sample of 1,000 American adults, showed U.S. opposition to the proposed disengagement. Respondents, by a margin of 4 to 1 (63% to 16%) opposed "Israel’s unilateral withdrawal from a section of Gaza and northern Samaria and forcing 10,000 Israeli Jews from their homes and businesses" and by a margin of 2.5 to 1 (53% to 21)%, agreed with the statement that "this Gaza Plan sends a message that Arab terrorism is being rewarded". The Zionist Organization of America (ZOA), founded in 1897, was one of the first official Zionist organizations in the United States, and, especially early in the 20th century, the primary representative of the Jews of the United States to the World Zionist Organization, espousing primarily Political Zionism. ... June 26 is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that Sebastia, Middle East be merged into this article or section. ...

Morton Klein, President of the Zionist Organization of America, criticized the Anti-Defamation League commissioned poll, stating that the question in the poll was not whether or not respondents agreed with the Disengagement Plan, but was a subjective characterization of primary motives behind it: whether Israeli politicians are acting more for the sake of capitulating to terrorism or for the sake of continuing the road map. The Anti-Defamation League, in turn, criticized the ZOA commissioned poll, calling its wording "loaded." A language construct, such as a word or a question, is said to be loaded if it carries meaning or implications beyond its strict definition (its denotation). ...

Bedouin

Following Israel's evacuation of Jewish settlers from the Gaza Strip, the Israeli government decided to also evacuate Arabs (mostly former Bedouins from Egypt) who reside in the village of Dahaniya, as they are considered by the Palestinians to be collaborators working for Israel, and fear for their lives if they stay there. They will be moved to Arad. Bedouin resting at Mount Sinai Bedouin, derived from the Arabic badawi بدوي, a generic name for a desert-dweller, is a term generally applied to Sahara via the Western Desert, Sinai, and Negev to the eastern coast of the Arabian desert. ... Arad (Hebrew: ×¢×¨×“) is a modern city in southern Israel, on the border of the Judean Desert, 25 km west of the Dead Sea and 45 km east of Beer-Sheva, near the famous Masada (Metzada), in the South District of Israel. ...

Subsequent status of diplomacy

After the Israel Lebanon conflict of 2006, Olmert announced to his cabinet that disengagement from the West Bank was no longer a high priority [50]. Combatants Hezbollah Amal LCP Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General of Hezbollah) Imad Mughniyeh (Commander of Hezbollahs armed wing)[5] Dan Halutz (CoS) Moshe Kaplinsky[12] Udi Adam (Regional) Strength 600-1,000 active fighters 3,000-10,000 reservists[6] 30,000 ground troops (plus IAF & ISC)[13...

Gaza Strip situation following Israeli withdrawal

In December 2006, news reports indicated that a number of Palestinians were leaving the Gaza Strip, due to political disorder and economic stagnation there.^[5]

In January 2007, fighting continued between Hamas and Fatah, without any progress towards resolution or reconciliation. The worst clashes occurred in the northern Gaza Strip, where Gen. Muhammed Gharib, a senior commander of the Fatah-dominated Preventative Security Force, was killed when a rocket hit his home. Gharib's two daughters and two bodyguards were also killed in the attack, which was carried out by Hamas gunmen.^[6]

At the end of January 2007, it appeared that a newly-negotiated truce between Fatah and Hamas was starting to take hold .^[7] However, after a few days, new fighting broke out.^[8] Fatah fighters stormed a Hamas-affiliated university in the Gaza Strip. Officers from Abbas' presidential guard battled Hamas gunmen guarding the Hamas-led Interior Ministry.^[9]

In May 2007, the deal between Hamas and Fatah appeared to be weaker, as new fighting broke out between the factions. This was considered a major setback. ^[10] Interior Minister Hani Qawasmi, who had been considered a moderate civil servant acceptable to both factions, resigned due to what he termed harmful behavior by both factions. ^[11] Qawasmi was born in Gaza; the origins of his family are from Hebron in the West Bank; his father came to Gaza in 1949 and settled there. ...

Fighting widened to several points in the Gaza Strip with both factions attacking vehicles and facilities of the other side. In response to constant attacks by rocket fire from the Gaza Strip, Israel launched an airstrike which destroyed a building used by Hamas. Some Palestinians said the violence could bring the end of the Fatah-Hamas coalition government, and possibly the end of the Palestinian authority. ^[12]

Hamas spokeman Moussa Abu Marzouk stated that Israel and the EU were to blame for the worsening situation. As the situation worsened and his government was on the verge of collapse, he indicated no acceptance of the idea that maybe the way to give the Palestinian people a better life is by working towards some form of mutual recognition and acceptance, instead of just continuing to call for more conflict and war. ^[13] Expressions of concerns were received from many Arab leaders, with many offering to try to help by doing some diplomatic work between the two factions. ^[14] One journalist wrote an eyewitness account stating:

References

Democracy Now! is an independent, award-winning news and opinion radio program airing on over 300 stations across North America every weekday, as well as both satellite television networks. ... Steven Poole (born 1972) is a British author and journalist. ... Grove Press is an American publishing imprint that was founded in 1951. ...

See also

Articles with similar titles include the Spanish name Garza. ... // Several of these have been re-settled since the Six-Day War. ... A young supporter/resident of Gush Katif hugs a soldier Yad Laâ€™achim operation (Hebrew: ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×™×“ ×œ××—×™×, â€œGiving hand to brothers) was an operation that the IDF performed during the unilateral disengagement plan. ... Hafrada (Hebrew: ) is the English transliteration of the Hebrew word for separation. ... The realignment plan (Hebrew: ) (originally known as the convergence plan) is a plan that was formulated and introduced to the Israeli public by prime minister Ehud Olmert, in a number of media interviews during the election campaign for the 17th Knesset in 2006. ...

External links

Image File history File links WikiNews-Logo. ... Wikinews is a free-content news source and a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. ...

Official documents

The Prime Minister of Israel (Hebrew: ×¨××© ×”×ž×ž×©×œ×”, Rosh HaMemshala, lit. ...

News reports

Khaled Abu Toameh is an Israeli Arab journalist, documentarist and the West Bank and Gaza correspondent for the Jerusalem Post and U.S. News and World Report. ... The May 16, 1948 Palestine Post headline announcing the creation of the state of Israel The Jerusalem Post is an Israeli daily English language broadsheet newspaper, originally founded on December 1, 1932, by American journalist-turned-newspaper-editor Gershon Agron as the The Palestine Post. ... August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The May 16, 1948 Palestine Post headline announcing the creation of the state of Israel The Jerusalem Post is an Israeli daily English language broadsheet newspaper, originally founded on December 1, 1932, by American journalist-turned-newspaper-editor Gershon Agron as the The Palestine Post. ... August 25 is the 237th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (238th in leap years), with 128 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Jerusalem Post is an Israeli newspaper in the English language. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A leftist British journalist of minor note, known principally for his anti-American views. ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. ... The Washington Post is the largest newspaper in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. ...

Commentary

Arab-Israeli conflict [ v • d • e ]

Participants

Individuals

Conflicts

Diplomacy / Peace proposals

Primary:
Governments:
The Claremont Review of Books (or CRB) is a quarterly review of politics and statesmanship published by the Claremont Institute. ... Victor Davis Hanson giving a lecture at Kenyon College. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Victor Davis Hanson giving a lecture at Kenyon College. ... August 29 is the 241st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (242nd in leap years), with 124 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Map of countries by population Population growth showing projections for later this century Demography is the statistical study of human populations. ... August 16 is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... U.S. President George W. Bush addresses AIPAC members in Washington on May 18, 2004. ... August 29 is the 241st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (242nd in leap years), with 124 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... U.S. President George W. Bush addresses AIPAC members in Washington on May 18, 2004. ... August 29 is the 241st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (242nd in leap years), with 124 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Arab nations Israel Arab-Israeli conflict series History of the Arab-Israeli conflict Views of the Arab-Israeli conflict International law and the Arab-Israeli conflict Arab-Israeli conflict facts, figures, and statistics Participants Israeli-Palestinian conflict Â· Israel-Lebanon conflict Â· Arab League Â· Soviet Union / Russia Â· Israel and the United... Geneva Accord October 20, 2003 Road Map for Peace April 30, 2003 The Peoples Voice July 27, 2002 Elon Peace Plan 2002 ...

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Syria

Yemen

Active organizations:
Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Anthem: Biladi Capital Ramallah and Gaza de facto, as the current location of government institutions. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Yemen. ...

Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades

Hezbollah

Guardians of the Cedars

PFLP

Palestinian Islamic Jihad

PLO

PRC

DFLP

PFLP-GC

PLF

PPSF

Amal

Former:
The al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades (ÙƒØªØ§Ø¦Ø¨ Ø´Ù‡Ø¯Ø§Ø¡ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ù‚ØµÙ‰) are a Palestinian armed terrorist group closely linked to the Fatah party. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_League_of_Arab_States. ... Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Largest cities Alexandria, Baghdad, Cairo, Casablanca, Damascus, Khartoum Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders - Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001) - Council of the Arab League Sudan - Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment - Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945 Area - Total 13... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Bath Party flag The Arab Socialist Bath Party (also spelled Baath or Baath; Arabic: ØØ²Ø¨ Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø¹Ø« Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø§Ø´ØªØ±Ø§ÙƒÙŠ) was founded in 1945 as a radical, left-wing, secular Arab nationalist political party. ... Fatah (Arabic: ); a reverse acronym from the Arabic name Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (literally: Palestinian National Liberation Movement) is a major secular Palestinian political party and the largest organization in the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), a generally secular multi-party confederation. ... Image File history File links Hamas_flag2. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hezbollah. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... The Kataeb Party, better known in English-speaking countries as the Phalange, is a Lebanese political party that was first established as a Maronite nationalist youth movement in 1936 by Pierre Gemayel. ... Lebanese Forces (LF) (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆØ§Øª Ø§Ù„Ù„Ø¨Ù†Ø§Ù†ÙŠØ© al-quwÄt al-lubnÄniyya) is a Lebanese political party and a former militia , which fought on the Christian side during the civil war that ravaged Lebanon from 1975 to 1990. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Lebanese Renewal Party. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_PIJ.gifâ€Ž Licencing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The emblem of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad shows a map of the land they claim as Palestine (roughly, present-day Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip) superimposed on the images of the Dome of the Rock, two fists and two rifles. ... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic Munazzamat al-Tahrir Filastiniyyah منظمة تحرير فلسطينية ) is a political and paramilitary organization of Palestinian Arabs dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state to consist of the... The Popular Resistance Committees (PRC) are a Palestinian militant network which operates in the Gaza Strip and are regarded as terrorist organizations by Israel and the United States. ... Image File history File links DFLP_flag. ... The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¯ÙŠÙ…ÙˆÙ‚Ø±Ø§Ø·ÙŠØ© Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ†, transliterated Al-Jabha al-Dimuqratiya Li-Tahrir Filastin) is a Palestinian Marxist-Leninist political and military organization. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø´Ø¹Ø¨ÙŠØ© Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ† - Ø§Ù„Ù‚ÙŠØ§Ø¯Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø§Ù…Ø©) is a left-wing Palestinian nationalist organization, backed by Syria. ... The Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) (Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ†ÙŠØ©) is a militant Palestinian group which is designated by the United States and European Union [1] as a terrorist organization. ... PPSF symbol The Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (PPSF, occasionally abbr. ... For other uses of Amal, see the disambiguation page. ...

Other:
Governments:
The South Lebanon Army (SLA), also South Lebanese Army, (Arabic: Ø¬ÙŠØ´ Ù„Ø¨Ù†Ø§Ù† Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ù†ÙˆØ¨ÙŠ; transliterated: Jaysh LubnÄn al-JanÅ«biyy. ... The Arab Liberation Army (Jaysh al-Inqadh al-Arabi, or Arab Salvation Army, also referred to in some accounts as the Arab Peoples Army) was an army of volunteers from Arab countries led by Iraqi soldier Fawzi al-Qawuqji. ... Etzel emblem Irgun (××¨×’×•×Ÿ), shorthand for Irgun Tsvai Leumi (××¨×’×•×Ÿ ×¦×‘××™ ×œ××•×ž×™, also spelled Irgun Zvai Leumi), Hebrew for National Military Organization, was a clandestine militant Zionist group, considered Terrorist by the British, that operated in Palestine from 1931 to 1948. ... Lehi emblem Lehi (IPA: , Hebrew acronym for Lohamei Herut Israel, Fighters for the Freedom of Israel, ×œ×—×™ - ×œ×•×—×ž×™ ×—×™×¨×•×ª ×™×©×¨××œ) was an armed underground Zionist faction in the Palestine Mandate that had as its goal the eviction of the British from Palestine to allow unrestricted immigration of Jews and the formation of a Jewish... The Black Hand (Arabic: â€Ž) was an underground Islamist militant organization that operated in the British Mandate of Palestine. ... A Black September terrorist on a balcony in the Olympic Village in September 1972, during what became known as the Munich Massacre, in which 11 Israeli athletes were kidnapped and killed. ... Image File history File links Palestine-Mandate-Ensign-1927-1948. ... Flag Palestine and Transjordan were incorporated (under different legal and administrative arrangements) into the British Mandate of Palestine, issued by the League of Nations to Great Britain on 29 September, 1923 Capital Not specified Organizational structure League of Nations Mandate High Commissioner - 1920 â€” 1925 Sir Herbert Louis Samuel - 1945 â€” 1948...

Organizations:
Image File history File links Flag_of_Canada. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uganda. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

European Union

United Nations

Former:
Image File history File links European_flag. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Nations. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ...

Soviet Union

United Arab Republic

Lester B. Pearson
Hosni Mubarak
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Anwar Sadat
Joschka Fischer
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Ali Khamenei
Ruhollah Khomeini
Faisal I
Saddam Hussein
Ehud Barak
Menachem Begin
David Ben-Gurion
Moshe Dayan
Levi Eshkol
Golda Meir
Benjamin Netanyahu
Ehud Olmert
Shimon Peres
Yitzhak Rabin
Yitzhak Shamir
Ariel Sharon
Chaim Weizmann
King Abdullah I
King Abdullah II
King Hussein
Hassan Nasrallah
Fouad Siniora
Mona Juul
Johan Jorgen Holst
Terje Rød-Larsen
Mahmoud Abbas
Yasser Arafat
Marwan Barghouti
Ismail Haniya
Amin al-Husayni
Khaled Mashal
Ahmed Yassin
King Abdulaziz (Ibn Saud)
King Faisal
King Abdullah
Folke Bernadotte
Hafez al-Assad
Bashar al-Assad
Shukri al-Quwatli
Salah Jadid
Idi Amin
Arthur Balfour
Ernest Bevin
Tony Blair
Richard Crossman
Madeleine Albright
Ralph Bunche
George W. Bush
Jimmy Carter
Bill Clinton
Henry Kissinger
Condoleezza Rice
Dennis Ross
Cyrus R. Vance
Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_United_Arab_Republic. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Canada. ... Lester Bowles Pearson, often referred to as Mike, PC, OM, CC, OBE, MA, LL.D. (April 23, 1897 â€“ December 27, 1972) was a Canadian statesman, diplomat and politician who was made a Nobel Laureate in 1957. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... Muhammad Hosni Said Mubarak (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…Ø¯ ØØ³Ù†Ù‰ Ø³ÙŠØ¯ Ù…Ø¨Ø§Ø±Ùƒ Muá¸¥ammad á¸¤usnÄ« MubÄrak), commonly known as Hosni Mubarak (Arabic: ØØ³Ù†Ù‰ Ù…Ø¨Ø§Ø±Ùƒ á¸¤usnÄ« MubÄrak), has been the President of Egypt since 14 October 1981. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... Muhammad Anwar Al-Sadat (Ù…ØÙ…Ø¯ Ø£Ù†ÙˆØ±Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø§Ø¯Ø§Øª in Arabic) (December 25, 1918 â€“ October 6, 1981) was an Egyptian politician and served as the third President of Egypt from September 28, 1970 until his assassination on October 6, 1981. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Joschka Fischer Joseph Martin Joschka Fischer (April 12, 1948 â€“ ) was German foreign minister and Vice Chancellor in the government of Gerhard SchrÃ¶der from 1998 to 2005. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... (Persian: â€Ž â€‹, IPA: ), transcribed into English as Mahmud or Mahmood, Ahmadinezhad, Ahmadi-Nejad, Ahmadi Nejad, Ahmady Nejad) (born October 28, 1956) is the current president of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Grand Ã‚yatollÃ¢h (Persian: Ø¢ÛŒØªâ€ŒØ§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ø³ÛŒØ¯ Ø¹Ù„ÛŒ ØØ³ÛŒÙ†ÛŒ Ú©Ø³ Ù†Ù†Ù‡ Ø§ÛŒ Ä€yatollÄh Seyyed `AlÄ« á¸¤oseynÄ« KhÄmeneÄ«) (born 17 July 1939), also known as Seyyed Ali Khamenei,[1] is the current Supreme Leader of Iran and was the president of Iran from 1981 to 1989. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Ruhollah Khomeini ( ) (Persian: Ø±ÙˆØ Ø§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ù…ÙˆØ³ÙˆÛŒ Ø®Ù…ÛŒÙ†ÛŒ RÅ«ollÄh MÅ«savÄ« KhomeynÄ« (May 17, 1900[1] â€“ June 3, 1989) was a Shi`i Muslim cleric and marja (religious authority), and the political leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti born ( 28 April 1937 - 30 December 2006 ) was the President of Iraq from 16 July 1979, until 9 April 2003. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ehud Barak (Hebrew: ×Öµ×”×•Ö¼×“ ×‘Ö¸Ö¼×¨Ö¸×§) (born Ehud Brog on February 12, 1942) is an Israeli politician. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (August 16, 1913 â€“ March 9, 1992) (Hebrew: ×žÖ°× Ö·×—Öµ× ×‘Ö°Ö¼×’Ö´×™×Ÿ) was a Polish-Jewish head of the Zionist underground group the Irgun, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and the first Likud Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (October 16, 1886 â€“ December 1, 1973; Hebrew: ) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Moshe Dayan, DSO (Hebrew: ×ž×©×” ×“×™×™×Ÿ)a (May 20, 1915 â€“ October 16, 1981), was an Israeli military leader and politician. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... â–¶(?) (Hebrew ×œÖµ×•Ö´×™ ×Ö¶×©Ö°××›Ö¼×•Ö¹×œ ) (Born Levi Skolnick) (Hebrew ×œÖµ×•Ö´×™ ×©Ö°××§×•Ö¹×œÖ°× Ö´×™×§) (October 25, 1895 - February 26, 1969), was the third Prime Minister of Israel from 1963 until his death of a heart attack in 1969. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Golda Meir (born Golda Mabovitz, May 3, 1898, died December 8, 1978, also known as Golda Myerson) was one of the founders of the State of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: ×‘Ö´Ö¼× Ö°×™Ö¸×žÖ´×™×Ÿ × Ö°×ªÖ·× Ö°×™Ö¸×”×•Ö¼ (without niqqud: ×‘× ×™×ž×™×Ÿ × ×ª× ×™×”×•), Hebrew transliteration written in English: Binyamin Netanyahu, nicknamed Bibi) (born October 21, 1949, Tel Aviv) was the 9th Prime Minister of Israel and is a leading figure in the Likud party. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ehud Olmert (IPA ; Hebrew:××”×•×“ ××•×œ×ž×¨×˜; born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: ), born Szymon Perske on August 2, 1923 in Poland is an Israeli politician who has been active in Israeli politics for over 50 years. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... For other people named Rabin, see Rabin (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew ×™Ö´×¦Ö°×—Ö¸×§ ×©×Ö¸×žÖ´×™×¨) (born October 15, 1915) was Prime Minister of Israel from 1983 to 1984 and again from 1986 to 1992. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: , also known by his diminutive Arik ×Ö¸×¨Ö´×™×§) (born February 27, 1928) is a former Israeli politician and general. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Chaim Weizmann and Harry S. Truman, May 25, 1948 Chaim Azriel Weizmann (Hebrew: ×—×™×™× ×•×™×¦×ž×Ÿ) (also: Chaijim W., Haim W.) (November 27, 1874 â€“ November 9, 1952) chemist, statesman, President of the World Zionist Organization, first President of Israel (elected May 16, 1948, served 1949 - 1952) and founder of a research institute in... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... Abdullah I of Jordan King Abdullah I of Jordan (1882 â€“ July 20, 1951) (Arabic: Ø¹Ø¨Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ø£ÙˆÙ„), also known as Abdullah bin Husayn (Arabic: Ø¹Ø¨Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ø¨Ù† ØØ³ÙŠÙ†), was, successively, Emir of Trans-Jordan (1921â€“1946) under a British Mandate, then King of Transjordan (May 25, 1946â€“1949), and finally King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... As-Sayyid Muhammad Abdullah II bin al-Hussein al Hashimi, King of Jordan (Arabic: â€Ž) (born January 30, 1962 in Amman, Jordan), is the current King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... Hussein I bin Talal, King of Jordan (Arabic: â€Ž ; November 14, 1935 â€“ February 7, 1999). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Hassan Nasrallah (Arabic: ) (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Fouad Siniora (alternative spellings: Fouad Sanyoura, Fuad Siniora, Fouad Saniora, Fouad Seniora) (Arabic: â€Ž, FuÄd As-SanyÅ«rah) is the Prime Minister of Lebanon, a position he assumed on 19 July 2005, succeeding Najib Mikati. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Mona Juul is an official in the Norwegian Foreign Affairs Ministry. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Johan Jørgen Holst Bust by Per Ung 1999 Johan Jørgen Holst (November 29, 1937 - January 13, 1994) was a Norwegian politician, best known for his involvement with the Oslo Accords. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Terje RÃ¸d-Larsen (born November 22, 1947) is a Norwegian diplomat and sociologist. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…ÙˆØ¯ Ø¹Ø¨Ø§Ø³) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya or nom de guerre Abu Mazen (Ø§Ø¨Ùˆ Ù…Ø§Ø²Ù†), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005, and took office on January 15, 2005. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Not to be confused with Yasir Arafat (cricketer). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Marwan Barghouti Marwan Barghouti ( Ù…Ø±ÙˆØ§Ù† Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø±ØºÙˆØ«ÙŠ born June 6, 1959) is a Palestinian leader from the West Bank and a leader of the Fatah movement. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ismail Haniya (more frequently Haniyeh) (born 1963) (Arabic: Ø¥Ø³Ù…Ø§Ø¹ÙŠÙ„ Ù‡Ù†ÙŠØ©) is the Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mohammad Amin al-Husayni Mohammad Amin al-Husayni (ca. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Khaled Mashal, also known as Khaled Mashaal (Arabic: Ø®Ø§Ù„Ø¯ Ù…Ø´Ø¹Ù„) (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... `Abd al-`AzÄ«z Ä€l Sa`Å«d (?, 1876 â€“ November 9, 1953) (Arabic: Ø¹Ø¨Ø¯Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø²ÙŠØ² Ø¢Ù„ Ø³Ø¹ÙˆØ¯) was the first monarch of Saudi Arabia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... The custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud (Arabic: , born August 1, 1924) [2] is the King of Saudi Arabia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Count Folke Bernadotte of Wisborg (January 2, 1895 - September 17, 1948), or simply Count Bernadotte, was a Swedish diplomat noted for his negotiation of the release of 15,000 mostly Scandinavian prisoners [1] from the German concentration camps in World War II and for his assassination by members of a... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Hafez al-Assad (Arabic: ) (October 6, 1930â€“June 10, 2000) was president of Syria for three decades. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Dr Bashar al-Assad (Arabic: , ) OBE (born September 11, 1965) is the President of the Syrian Arab Republic, Regional Secretary of the Baath Party, and the son of former President Hafez al-Assad. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Official portrait of Shukri al Quwatli when he assumed the Syrian Presidency in Aug 1947 at the age of 51 Shukri al-Quwatli (Born 1891, Damascus, Syria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Salah Jadid (1926? - 1993) was a Syrian general and political figure. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uganda. ... Idi Amin Dada (c. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour, KG, OM, PC, (25 July 1848-19 March 1930) was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1905. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Ernest Bevin (9 March 1881 - 14 April 1951) was a British labour leader, politician, and statesman best known for his time as Minister of Labour in the war-time coalition government, and as Foreign Secretary in the post-war Labour government. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Richard Howard Stafford Crossman (15 December 1907 to April 1974) was a British politician and writer. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana KorbelovÃ¡, IPA: , on May 15, 1937) was the first woman to become United States Secretary of State. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Ralph Bunche, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1951 Ralph Johnson Bunche (August 7, 1904 â€“ December 9, 1971) was an American political scientist and diplomat who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation in Palestine in the late 1940s that led to an armistice agreement between the Israelis and... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States, inaugurated on January 20, 2001. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923) is a German-born American diplomat, and 1973 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is the 66th United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush to hold the office. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Dennis Ross served as special Middle East envoy and negotiator for Democratic and Republicans US Administrations, first under George H.W. Bush and then under Bill Clinton during both terms. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Cyrus Roberts Vance (March 27, 1917–January 12, 2002), was the United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1980. ...

1920 Palestine riots
1921 Jaffa riots
1929 Palestine riots
1936–1939 Arab revolt
1947 Jerusalem riots
1948 Arab-Israeli War
1950's Terrorism against Israel
1953 Qibya massacre
1956 Suez Crisis
1967 Six-Day War
1968–1970 War of Attrition
1972 Munich Olympics massacre
1972 Operation Wrath of God
1973 Operation Spring of Youth
1973 Yom Kippur War
1975–1990 Lebanese Civil War
1976 Operation Entebbe
1978 Operation Litani
1981 Operation Opera
1982 Lebanon War
1982-2000 South Lebanon conflict
1985 Operation Wooden Leg
1987–1990 First Intifada
1991 Persian Gulf War
1993 Operation Accountability
1993-present Palestinian suicide attacks
1996 Operation Grapes of Wrath
2000–present Al-Aqsa Intifada
2002 Operation Defensive Shield
2003 Ain es Saheb airstrike
2004 Operation Rainbow
2004 Operation Days of Penitence
2006 Israel-Gaza conflict
2006 Lebanon War
2007 Israeli-Palestinian conflict This article describes violent events in the Old City of Jerusalem from April 4-7, 1920. ... On May 1, 1921, a scuffle began in Tel Aviv-Jaffa between rival groups of Jewish Bolsheviks, carrying Yiddish banners demanding Soviet Palestine, and Socialists parading on May Day. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The 1936-1939 Arab revolt in Palestine was an uprising during the British mandate by Palestinian Arabs in Palestine which lasted from 1936 to 1939. ... The 1947 Jerusalem Riots occurred following the 1947 UN Partition Plan. ... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Transjordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Holy War Army, Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori, Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Hasan Salama, Fawzi Al-Qawuqji Strength Israel: 29,677 initially rising to 115,000 by March 1949 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising... Approximately 2,100 Jews living in Mandate Palestine are known to have been killed in political violence from 1920 up until the establishment of the modern State of Israel in 1948. ... The Qibya (also spelt Kibya, Qibieh or Qibye) Massacre (also known as Qibya Raid or Qibya Operation was carried out in October 1953 by Israeli troops in a West Bank village. ... Combatants Israel United Kingdom France Egypt Commanders Moshe Dayan Charles Keightley Pierre Barjot Gamal Abdel Nasser Abdel Hakim Amer Strength 175,000 Israeli 45,000 British 34,000 French 70,000 Casualties 197 Israeli KIA 56 British KIA 91 British WIA 10 French KIA 43 French WIA 650 KIA 2... Combatants Israel Egypt Syria Jordan Iraq Saudi Arabia Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Mordechai Hod, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Zaid ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 264,000 (incl. ... Combatants Israel Egypt Soviet Union Strength unknown Egyptian: unknown Soviet advisors: 10,700â€“12,300 Casualties 1,424 soldiers and >100 civilians killed 2,000 soldiers and 700 civilians wounded [1] [2] 10,000 Egyptian soldiers and civilians killedÂ¹ 3 Soviet pilots killed The War of Attrition (Hebrew: â€Ž)(Arabic: â€Ž) was... One of the Black September terrorists on the balcony of the Israeli team quarters at the Olympic village The Munich massacre occurred during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, when members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage by the Palestinian organization Black September, a militant group... The operation was ordered in response to the massacre of 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics. ... Operation Spring of Youth took place on the night of April 9 and early morning of April 10, 1973. ... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq Aided By Saudi Arabia Pakistan Cuba Uganda Libya, Commanders Moshe Dayan, David Elazar, Ariel Sharon, Shmuel Gonen, Benjamin Peled, Israel Tal, Rehavam Zeevi, Aharon Yariv, Yitzhak Hofi, Rafael Eitan, Abraham Adan, Yanush Ben Gal Saad El Shazly, Ahmad Ismail Ali, Hosni Mubarak, Mohammed Aly... Combatants Lebanese Front Syria LNM PLO Commanders Bachir Gemayel Dany Chamoun Kamal Jumblatt Yasser Arafat The multi-sided Lebanese Civil War (1975â€“1990) had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises after the end of Lebanons administration by the Ottoman Empire and was exacerbated by the nations... Combatants Israel PFLP RevolutionÃ¤re Zellen Uganda Commanders Yonatan Netanyahuâ€ Wadie Haddad Wilfried BÃ¶se Idi Amin Strength 29 Commandos Unknown Casualties Yonatan Netanyahu killed three hostages killed five commandos wounded 6 hijackers killed 45 Ugandan soldiers killed Operation Entebbe, also known as the Entebbe incident and sometimes the Entebbe... Operation Litani was the official name of the Israel Defense Forces 1978 invasion of Lebanon up to the Litani river. ... Combatants Israel Iraq Strength 8 F-16A fighters 6 F-15A fighters Unknown numbers of radar and Anti-aircraft artillery Casualties None 10 Iraqi soldiers and 1 French researcher killed Operation Opera (also known as Operation Babylon and Operation Ofra) is the Israeli Air Force designation used to describe an... Combatants Israel Phalange South Lebanon Army Amal PLO Syria Commanders Menachem Begin (Prime Minister) Ariel Sharon, (Ministry of Defence) Rafael Eitan, (CoS) Yasser Arafat Strength 76,000 37,000 Casualties 670 9,800 The 1982 Lebanon War (Hebrew: , Milkhemet Levanon, Milkhemet Levanon, Arabic: â€Ž), called by Israel the Operation Peace of... Combatants Hezbollah Israel South Lebanon Army Casualties 1283 1200 Israeli soldiers During the 1982-2000 South Lebanon conflict Hezbollah waged a guerrilla campaign against Israeli forces occupying Southern Lebanon. ... Operation Wooden Leg was the October 1, 1985 Israeli Air Force raid on the Palestinian Liberation Organizations headquarters in Tunis, Tunisia. ... The First Intifada, or Palestinian uprising refers to a series of violent incidents between Palestinians and Israelis between 1987 and approximately 1990. ... Combatants United States & US-led Coalition Republic of Iraq Commanders Norman Schwarzkopf Saddam Hussein Strength 883,863 360,000 Casualties 378 dead, 1,000 wounded see section below The Gulf War or the Persian Gulf War (16 January 1991â€“28 February 1991)[1][2] was a conflict between Iraq and... In July 1993, Israeli Forces launched a massive attack against Lebanon named Operation Accountability in Israel and Seven-Day War in Lebanon, in an attempt to displace the Lebanese and Palestinian refugee population, in order to pressure the Lebanese government and population to withdraw support for Hezbollah[1]. Israeli artillery... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Combatants Israel, South Lebanon Army Hezbollah Casualties 3 killed. ... For other uses, see al-Aqsa (disambiguation). ... Operation Defensive Shield (In Hebrew, ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×—×•×ž×ª ×ž×’×Ÿ) was a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israeli Defence Forces in April 2002. ... Combatants Israeli Air Force Syria Palestinian militants (Israeli claim) Strength Several F-16s Unknown Casualties 1 injured The Ain es Saheb airstrike occured on October 5, 2003 and was the first Israeli military operation in Syria since the 1973 Yom Kippur War. ... Operation Rainbow (In Hebrew, ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×§×©×ª ×‘×¢× ×Ÿ) is a controversial military operation which began on May 18, 2004 in the Gaza Strip. ... Combatants Israel Defense Forces Hamas Casualties 5 killed (3 Of them civilians) 104 - 133 killed (42 of them civilians) Operation Days of Penitence (In Hebrew, ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×™×ž×™ ×ª×©×•×‘×”) was the name used by Israel to describe an Israel Defense Forces operation in the northern Gaza Strip, conducted between September 30, 2004 and October... Combatants Israel Defense Forces (Israeli Security Forces) Hamas Fatah (al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades), Popular Resistance Committees Palestinian Islamic Jihad Palestinian Army of Islam Commanders Dan Halutz (Chief of Staff) Yoav Galant (Regional) Khaled Mashal (Leader of Hamas[1])Mohammed Deif (Leader of Hamas military wing) Strength 3,000 unknown possibly... Combatants Hezbollah Amal[1] LCP[2] PFLP-GC[3] Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah Imad Mughniyeh[4] Dan Halutz Moshe Kaplinsky[11] Udi Adam Strength 600-1,000 active fighters 3,000-10,000 reservists[5] 30,000 ground troops (plus IAF & ISC)[12] Casualties Hezbollah militia: Dead: ~250 (Hezbollah claim... Combatants Israel (Israel Defense Forces) Hamas Popular Resistance Committees Palestinian Islamic Jihad Commanders Gabi Ashkenazi Khaled Meshaal Casualties 2 wounded 30 killed, 33 captured Palestinian civilians: 12 killed Israeli civilians: 2 killed Casualties source: Reuters The 2007 Israeli-Palestinian conflict refers to a series of battles between Palestinian militants and...

Damascus Protocol
Hussein-McMahon Correspondence
Sykes-Picot Agreement
1917 Balfour Declaration
Declaration to the Seven
Anglo-French Declaration
1919 Faisal-Weizmann Agreement
1920 San Remo conference
1922 White Paper
1939 White Paper
1947 UN Partition Plan
1948 Establishment of Israel
1948 UNGA Resolution 194
1949 Armistice Agreements
1964 Palestinian National Covenant
1967 Khartoum Resolution
1967 UNSC Resolution 242
1973 UNSC Resolution 338
1973 UNSC Resolution 339
1974 UNSC Resolution 350
1978 UNSC Resolution 425
1978 Camp David Accords
1979 UNSC Resolution 446
1979 Israel-Egypt peace treaty
1979 UNSC Resolution 452
1980 UNSC Resolution 478
1981 UNSC Resolution 497
1983 Israel-Lebanon agreement
1991 Madrid Conference
1993 Oslo Accords
1994 Israel-Jordan peace treaty
1998 Wye River Memorandum
2000 Camp David Summit
2001 Taba Summit
2001 UNSC Resolution 1373
2002 Beirut Summit and Peace Initiative
2002 Road Map for Peace
2004 UNSC Resolution 1559
2004 UNSC Resolution 1566
2005 UNSC Resolution 1583
2005 Sharm el-Sheikh Summit
2005 Israel's unilateral disengagement plan
2006 Palestinian Prisoners' Document
2006 UNSC Resolution 1701
2006 Franco-Italian-Spanish Peace Plan
The Damascus Protocol was a document defining the independent Arab territories in the Middle East after the conspired Arab Revolt had taken place. ... The Hussein-McMahon Correspondence during World War I was a 1915-1916 exchange of letters between the Hejazi (the Hejaz later became part of Saudi Arabia) leader Hussein ibn Ali, Sharif of Mecca, and Sir Henry McMahon, British High Commissioner in Egypt, concerning the future political status of the Arab... Zones of French and British influence and control established by the Sykes-Picot Agreement The Sykes-Picot Agreement of May 16, 1916 was a secret understanding between the governments of Britain and France defining their respective spheres of post-World War I influence and control in the Middle East (then... Arthur James Balfour. ... The Declaration to the Seven was a document written by Sir Mark Sykes and released by the British Government on 16 June 1918 in response to a memorandum issued anonymously by seven Syrian notables in Cairo who were members of the newly-formed Party of Syrian Unity, which had been... ANGLO-FRENCH DECLARATION November 7, 1918 The goal envisaged by France and Great Britain in prosecuting in the East the War let loose by German ambition is the complete and final liberation of the peoples who have for so long been oppressed by the Turks, and the setting up of... The Faisal-Weizmann Agreement was signed on January 3, 1919, by Emir Faisal (son of the King of Hejaz) and Chaim Weizmann (later President of the World Zionist Organization) as part of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 settling disputes stemming from World War I. It was a short-lived agreement... The Sanremo conference was an international meeting held in Sanremo, Italy, from 19-26 April 1920. ... The Churchill White Paper of 3 June 1922 clarified how Britain viewed the Balfour Declaration, 1917. ... The White Paper of 1939, also known as the MacDonald White Paper after Malcolm MacDonald, the British Colonial Secretary who presided over it, was a policy paper issued by the British government under Neville Chamberlain in which the idea of partitioning the British Mandate of Palestine was abandoned in favour... On 29 November 1947 the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine or United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, a plan to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict in the British Mandate of Palestine, was approved by the United Nations General Assembly. ... David Ben Gurion (First Prime Minister of Israel) publicly pronouncing the Declaration of the State of Israel, May 14, 1948. ... United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 [1] was passed on December 11, 1948, near the end of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. ... The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and its neighbors Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. ... The Palestinian National Covenant or Palestinian National Charter (Arabic: al-Mithaq al-Watani al-Filastini) is the charter or constitution of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). ... The Khartoum Resolution of September 1, 1967 was issued at the conclusion of a meeting between the leaders of eight Arab countries in the wake of the Six-Day War. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 (S/RES/242) was adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council on November 22, 1967 in the aftermath of the Six Day War. ... The three-line United Nations Security Council Resolution 338 (S/RES/338), approved on October 22, 1973, called for a cease fire in the Yom Kipur War in accordance with a joint proposal by the United States and the Soviet Union. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 339 (S/RES/339) was adopted in order to bring a cease fire in the Yom Kipur War where Resolution 338 two days before have failed. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 350, adopted on 31 May 1974, established the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force, to monitor the ceasefire between Israel and Syria in the wake of the Yom Kippur War. ... On March 19, 1978, five days after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, United Nations Security Council Resolution 425 was adopted, calling on Israel to immediately withdraw its forces from Lebanon and establishing the United Nations Interim Forces In Lebanon (UNIFIL). ... Celebrating the signing of the Camp David Accords (1978): Menachem Begin, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat The Camp David Accords were signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on September 17, 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 446 concerned the issue of Israeli settlements in the Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, including Jerusalem. This refers to the Palestinian territories of the West Bank including East Jerusalem, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. ... The Israel-Egypt peace treaty (Arabic: Ù…Ø¹Ø§Ù‡Ø¯Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù… Ø§Ù„Ù…ØµØ±ÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø³Ø±Ø§Ø¦ÙŠÙ„ÙŠØ©; transliterated: Muahadat as-Salam al-Masriyah al-Israyliyah) (Hebrew: ×”×¡×›× ×©×œ×•× ×™×©×¨××œ-×ž×¦×¨×™×; transliterated: Heskem Shalom Yisrael-Mizraim) was signed in Washington, DC, United States, on March 26, 1979, following the Camp David Accords (1978). ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 452 was on the issue of the Israeli settlements in the Palestinian territories of East Jerusalem, the West Bank, Gaza Strip and the Syrian Golan Heights. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 478 declared that the 1980 Knesset law (the Jerusalem Law) declaring Jerusalem as Israels eternal and indivisible capital was null and void and must be rescinded forthwith. This resolution, not taken under chapter VI or VII of the charter (the binding chapters), advised member... United Nations Security Council Resolution 497 calls on Israel to rescind its annexation of the Golan Heights. ... The 1983 May 17 Agreement was a failed U.S.-backed attempt to create peace between Lebanon and Israel during the Lebanese Civil War, after Israel invaded Lebanon and besieged Beirut in 1982. ... The Madrid Conference was hosted by the government of Spain and co-sponsored by the USA and the USSR. It convened on October 30, 1991 and lasted for three days. ... Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat during the Oslo Accords on September 13, 1993. ... The Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace (full name: Treaty of Peace Between the State of Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) (Hebrew:×”×¡×›× ×”×©×œ×•× ×‘×™×Ÿ ×™×©×¨××œ ×œ×™×¨×“×Ÿ; transliterated: HaSekhem Ha-Shalom beyn Yisrael Le-Yarden) (Arabic: Ù…Ø¹Ø§Ù‡Ø¯Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù… Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø±Ø¯Ù†ÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø³Ø±Ø§Ø¦ÙŠÙ„ÙŠØ©; transliterated: Muahadat as-Salam al-Orduniyah al-Israyliyah, and commonly referred to as Araba Valley... The Wye River Memorandum was a political agreement negotiated to implement the earlier Interim Agreement of 28 September, 1995 brokered by the United States between Israel and the Palestine Authority completed on October 23, 1998. ... The Middle East Peace Summit at Camp David of July 2000 took place between United States President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Palestinian Authority Chairman Yasser Arafat. ... The Taba summit (or: Taba Summit; Taba Talks; Taba Conference; Taba), also known as the permanent status talks at Taba between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, held from January 21 to January 27, 2001 at Taba in the Sinai peninsula, were peace talks aimed at reaching the final status negotiations... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373 is a counter-terrorism measure adopted September 28, 2001 following the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States. ... Israel and the Occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip are at the center of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1559 was a resolution adopted by the United Nations Security Council on September 2, 2004. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1566 is an anti-terrorism resolution adopted on 8 October 2004. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1583 calls on Lebanon to assert full control over its border with Israel (See: Hezbollah). ... The Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005 took place on February 8, (2005), when four Middle Eastern leaders gathered at Sharm el-Sheikh, a town at the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in order to declare their wish to work towards the end of the four-year Al-Aqsa... The Prisoners document is a document drawn up by Palestinian prisoners who are currently being held in Israeli jails. ... United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is a resolution intended to resolve the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict. ... On 16 November 2006 France, Italy and Spain announced a new Middle East peace plan. ...

Israeli-Palestinian conflict [ v • d • e ] Part of the Arab-Israeli conflict

Participants

Individuals

Conflicts / Violence / Terrorism

Peace process

Israel:
Israel, with the West Bank, Gaza Strip and Golan Heights The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which is often claimed to be at the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict, is an ongoing dispute between two peoples, Jewish Israelis and Arab Palestinians, that both claim the right to sovereignty over the Land... Combatants Arab nations Israel Arab-Israeli conflict series History of the Arab-Israeli conflict Views of the Arab-Israeli conflict International law and the Arab-Israeli conflict Arab-Israeli conflict facts, figures, and statistics Participants Israeli-Palestinian conflict Â· Israel-Lebanon conflict Â· Arab League Â· Soviet Union / Russia Â· Israel and the United... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ...

Israel Defense Forces

Israel Police

Mossad

Shabak

Palestinian:
Main:
The Israel Defense Forces are part of the Israeli Security Forces. ... Israeli Police logo The Israel Police (×ž×©×˜×¨×ª ×™×©×¨××œ Mishteret Yisrael) is a civilian force in the State of Israel. ... (Hebrew: ×”×ž×•×¡×“ ×œ×ž×•×“×™×¢×™×Ÿ ×•×œ×ª×¤×§×™×“×™× ×ž×™×•×—×“×™×, The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations), often referred to as The Mossad (meaning The Institute), is Israels intelligence agency and is responsible for intelligence collection, counter-terrorism, covert operations such as paramilitary activities, and the facilitation of aliyah where it is banned. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not include all significant viewpoints. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Anthem: Biladi Capital Ramallah and Gaza de facto, as the current location of government institutions. ...

Hamas

PLO

Other:
Image File history File links Hamas_flag2. ... Hamas (Arabic: ; acronym: Arabic: , or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Islamist organization that currently (since January 2006) forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic Munazzamat al-Tahrir Filastiniyyah منظمة تحرير فلسطينية ) is a political and paramilitary organization of Palestinian Arabs dedicated to the establishment of an independent Palestinian state to consist of the...

Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades

DFLP

Fatah

Palestinian Islamic Jihad

PFLP-GC

Influence:
The al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades (ÙƒØªØ§Ø¦Ø¨ Ø´Ù‡Ø¯Ø§Ø¡ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ù‚ØµÙ‰) are a Palestinian armed terrorist group closely linked to the Fatah party. ... Image File history File links DFLP_flag. ... The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP) (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¯ÙŠÙ…ÙˆÙ‚Ø±Ø§Ø·ÙŠØ© Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ†, transliterated Al-Jabha al-Dimuqratiya Li-Tahrir Filastin) is a Palestinian Marxist-Leninist political and military organization. ... Fatah (Arabic: ); a reverse acronym from the Arabic name Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini (literally: Palestinian National Liberation Movement) is a major secular Palestinian political party and the largest organization in the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), a generally secular multi-party confederation. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_PIJ.gifâ€Ž Licencing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The emblem of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad shows a map of the land they claim as Palestine (roughly, present-day Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip) superimposed on the images of the Dome of the Rock, two fists and two rifles. ... The Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) (Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ†ÙŠØ©) is a militant Palestinian group which is designated by the United States and European Union [1] as a terrorist organization. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¨Ù‡Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø´Ø¹Ø¨ÙŠØ© Ù„ØªØØ±ÙŠØ± ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ† - Ø§Ù„Ù‚ÙŠØ§Ø¯Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø§Ù…Ø©) is a left-wing Palestinian nationalist organization, backed by Syria. ... PPSF symbol The Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (PPSF, occasionally abbr. ... The Popular Resistance Committees (PRC) are a Palestinian militant network which operates in the Gaza Strip and are regarded as terrorist organizations by Israel and the United States. ...

Arab League

British Mandate of Palestine (defunct)

Hezbollah

Moshe Arens
Ami Ayalon
Ehud Barak
Menachem Begin
Meir Dagan
Avi Dichter
Yuval Diskin
David Ben-Gurion
Ephraim Halevy
Dan Halutz
Golda Meir
Shaul Mofaz
Yitzhak Mordechai
Benjamin Netanyahu
Ehud Olmert
Shimon Peres
Yaakov Peri
Yitzhak Rabin
Amnon Lipkin-Shahak
Yitzhak Shamir
Ariel Sharon
Shabtai Shavit
Moshe Ya'alon
Danny Yatom
Zvi Zamir
Rehavam Zeevi
Image File history File links Flag_of_the_League_of_Arab_States. ... Headquarters Cairo, Egypt1 Largest cities Alexandria, Baghdad, Cairo, Casablanca, Damascus, Khartoum Official languages Arabic Membership 22 Arab states 2 observer states Leaders - Secretary General Amr Moussa (since 2001) - Council of the Arab League Sudan - Speaker of the Arab Parliament Nabih Berri Establishment - Alexandria Protocol March 22, 1945 Area - Total 13... Image File history File links Palestine-Mandate-Ensign-1927-1948. ... Flag Britain unilaterally closed the territory east of the Jordan River (Transjordan) to Jewish settlement and organized Transjordan as an autonomous state in 1923. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Egypt. ... Image File history File links European_flag. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_France. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hezbollah. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iran. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Iraq. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jordan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Libya. ... The Muslim Brotherhood or The Muslim Brothers (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø®ÙˆØ§Ù† Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø³Ù„Ù…ÙˆÙ† al-ikhwÄn al-muslimÅ«n, full title The Society of the Muslim Brothers, often simply Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø®ÙˆØ§Ù† al-ikhwÄn, the Brotherhood or MB) is a world-wide Sunni Islamist movement founded by the sufi schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Syria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Tunisia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Nations. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Yemen. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Moshe Arens Moshe Arens (born December 27, 1925 in Kaunas, Lithuania) is an Israeli politician. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ami Ayalon (Hebrew: , born 27 June 1945) is an Israeli politician and member of the Knesset for the Labor Party. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ehud Barak (Hebrew: ×Öµ×”×•Ö¼×“ ×‘Ö¸Ö¼×¨Ö¸×§) (born Ehud Brog on February 12, 1942) is an Israeli politician. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (August 16, 1913 â€“ March 9, 1992) (Hebrew: ×žÖ°× Ö·×—Öµ× ×‘Ö°Ö¼×’Ö´×™×Ÿ) was a Polish-Jewish head of the Zionist underground group the Irgun, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and the first Likud Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... This is the Hebrew name of Meir Klugeman, the current Director of the Mossad. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Avi Dichter (Hebrew: ××‘×™ ×“×™×›×˜×¨) (born: December 4, 1952) is an Israeli politician, former head of the Shabak, and member of the Knesset. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Yuval Diskin (Hebrew: ×™×•×‘×œ ×“×™×¡×§×™×Ÿ) (born: 1956) is the 12th and current Director of Shabak. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (October 16, 1886 â€“ December 1, 1973; Hebrew: ) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ephraim Halevy (Hebrew: ××¤×¨×™× ×”×œ×•×™) (born: 1934) is an Israeli lawyer and intelligence expert. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: ) (born August 7, 1948 in Tel Aviv, Israel) is an Israeli Air Force Lt. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Golda Meir (born Golda Mabovitz, May 3, 1898, died December 8, 1978, also known as Golda Myerson) was one of the founders of the State of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Shaul Mofaz during a meeting with U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld on November 10, 2003. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Yitzhak Mordechai (Hebrew: ×™×¦×—×§ ×ž×¨×“×›×™, born November 22, 1944) was a Major General in the Israeli army, and later Israeli Minister of Defense and of Transport. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: ×‘Ö´Ö¼× Ö°×™Ö¸×žÖ´×™×Ÿ × Ö°×ªÖ·× Ö°×™Ö¸×”×•Ö¼ (without niqqud: ×‘× ×™×ž×™×Ÿ × ×ª× ×™×”×•), Hebrew transliteration written in English: Binyamin Netanyahu, nicknamed Bibi) (born October 21, 1949, Tel Aviv) was the 9th Prime Minister of Israel and is a leading figure in the Likud party. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Ehud Olmert (IPA ; Hebrew:××”×•×“ ××•×œ×ž×¨×˜; born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: ), born Szymon Perske on August 2, 1923 in Poland is an Israeli politician who has been active in Israeli politics for over 50 years. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Yaakov Peri was the head of Shabak (Shin-Bet). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... For other people named Rabin, see Rabin (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Amnon Lipkin-Shahak (Hebrew: אמנון ליפקין-שחק, born March 18th, 1944) was the chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces, and later Israeli Minister of Tourism and Transport. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew ×™Ö´×¦Ö°×—Ö¸×§ ×©×Ö¸×žÖ´×™×¨) (born October 15, 1915) was Prime Minister of Israel from 1983 to 1984 and again from 1986 to 1992. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... (Hebrew: , also known by his diminutive Arik ×Ö¸×¨Ö´×™×§) (born February 27, 1928) is a former Israeli politician and general. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Shabtai Shavit (Hebrew: ×©×‘×ª×™ ×©×‘×™×˜) was the Director General of the Mossad from 1989 to 1996. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... General Moshe Yaalon, Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces (2002-2005) Lieutenant-General Moshe Yaalon (often nicknamed Boogie) (born 1950) was the 17th Chief of Staff (×¨×ž×˜×›×œ) of the Israeli Defence Force. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Danny Yatom also Dani Yatom was the Director of the Mossad from 1996 to 1998. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Zvi Zamir (1925) was the Director of the Mossad from 1968 to 1974. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Rehavam Zeevi (×¨×—×‘×¢× ×–××‘×™-×’× ×“×™) (June 20, 1926 - October 17, 2001) was an Israeli general, politician and historian who founded the right-wing nationalist Moledet party. ...

Abu Abbas
Mahmoud Abbas
Moussa Arafat
Yasser Arafat
Yahya Ayyash
Marwan Barghouti
Mohammed Dahlan
Mohammed Deif
George Habash
Wadie Haddad
Ismail Haniya
Nayef Hawatmeh
Amin al-Husayni
Ghazi Jabali
Ahmed Jibril
Abu Jihad
Salah Khalaf
Leila Khaled
Sheikh Khalil
Khaled Mashal
Zuheir Mohsen
Abu Ali Mustafa
Abu Nidal
Izz ad-Din al-Qassam
Jibril Rajoub
Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi
Ali Hassan Salameh
Salah Shahade
Ramadan Shallah
Fathi Shaqaqi
Ahmed Yassin
Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Muhammad Zaidan (also known as Abu Abbas and Muhammad Abbas) (December 10, 1948 â€“ March 8, 2004) was a Palestinian terrorist. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mahmoud Abbas (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…ÙˆØ¯ Ø¹Ø¨Ø§Ø³) (born March 26, 1935), commonly known by the kunya or nom de guerre Abu Mazen (Ø§Ø¨Ùˆ Ù…Ø§Ø²Ù†), was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) on January 9, 2005, and took office on January 15, 2005. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Moussa Arafat Major General Moussa Arafat al-Qidwi (born Jaffa 1941 -- died Gaza City September 7, 2005) was a cousin of late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Not to be confused with Yasir Arafat (cricketer). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Yahya Ayyash (ÙŠØÙŠÙ‰ Ø¹ÙŠØ§Ø´; March 6, 1966 - January 5, 1996) was a member and chief bombmaker of the Hamas organization. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Marwan Barghouti Marwan Barghouti ( Ù…Ø±ÙˆØ§Ù† Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø±ØºÙˆØ«ÙŠ born June 6, 1959) is a Palestinian leader from the West Bank and a leader of the Fatah movement. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mohammed Dahlan is a Palestinian, born in 1961 in a refugee camp in Khan Younis. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mohammed Deif (Arabic: Ù…ØÙ…Ø¯ Ø¶ÙŠÙ ) is a commander of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the military wing of Hamas. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... George Habash (Arabic Ø¬ÙˆØ±Ø¬ ØØ¨Ø´) (born August 2, 1926 in Lod), sometimes known by his nom de guerre Al-Hakim, Ø§Ù„ØÙƒÙŠÙ…, meaning the doctor, is a Palestinian politician, formerly a militant, and the founder and former Secretary-General of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Wadie Haddad (1927â€“1978), a. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ismail Haniya (more frequently Haniyeh) (born 1963) (Arabic: Ø¥Ø³Ù…Ø§Ø¹ÙŠÙ„ Ù‡Ù†ÙŠØ©) is the Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Naif Hawatmeh Nayef Hawatmeh (kunya Abu an-Nuf, b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Mohammad Amin al-Husayni Mohammad Amin al-Husayni (ca. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ghazi al-Jabali, the Gaza Strip Chief of Police, appointed by the Palestinian Authority. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ahmed Jibril Ahmed Jibril (born 1928) is the founder and leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (PFLP-GC), part of the left-wing, secular Palestinian rejectionist front, so-called because they reject proposals for a peaceful settlement with Israel. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Khalil Al-Wazir (October 10, 1935â€“April 16, 1988), better known by the kunya Abu Jihad (Arabic: father of the struggle) and Al-Wazir (the top minister), was a founder of the Palestinian group Fatah (which later formed the dominant part of the PLO), and later a top aide to... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Abu Iyad Salah Khalaf (Arabic ØµÙ„Ø§Ø Ø®Ù„Ù), also known as Abu Iyad (Arabic Ø£Ø¨Ùˆ Ø¥ÙŠØ§Ø¯) (born 1933 â€“ January 14, 1991) was deputy chief and head of intelligence for the Palestine Liberation Organization, and the second most senior official of Fatah after Yasser Arafat. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Leila Khaled in the 1970s Leila Khaled (Arabic: â€Ž ; born April 9, 1944) is a former member of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), part of the secular, leftwing Palestinian rejectionist front. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Izz El-Deen Sobhi Sheikh Khalil (alternately Ezzeddine) (Arabic: Ø¹Ø² Ø§Ù„Ø¯ÙŠÙ† Ø§Ù„Ø´ÙŠØ® Ø®Ù„ÙŠÙ„) (circa 1962/1964 - September 26, 2004), from the Shajaiyeh district of Gaza City, presently a Hamas stronghold, was a senior member of the military wing of the Palestinian Islamist guerrilla group Hamas when he was blown apart in an automobile booby... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Khaled Mashal, also known as Khaled Mashaal (Arabic: Ø®Ø§Ù„Ø¯ Ù…Ø´Ø¹Ù„) (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Zuheir Mohsen (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Abu Ali Mustafa (Arabic:Ø§Ø¨Ùˆ Ø¹Ù„ÙŠ Ù…ØµØ·ÙÙ‰), dates (1938 to August 27, 2001), the nom de guerre of Mustafa Zibri, was a Palestinian leader and was general secretary of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine from July 2000 until he was assassinated by Israeli forces the following year. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Abu Nidal in 1976 in a photograph released by the Israeli army, one of only a handful of photographs of him known to exist. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... -1... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Jibril Rajoub was Yasir Arafats National Security Advisor, a member of the Fatah Revolutionary Council. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ali Hassan Salameh Ali Hassan Salameh (1943 â€“ January 22, 1979) was the chief of operations â€” code name Abu Hassan - for Black September, the terrorist organisation responsible for the Munich Massacre (1972) and other attacks; he was also the founder of Force 17. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Salah Shahade was the leader of the Ezzedeen-al-qassam brigades, the militray wing of palestinian islamist movement Hamas, untils its assassination by Israel on july 22th, 2002. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad Shallah Sheikh Abdullah Ramadan Shallah (Arabic: ) aka Ramadan Abdullah Mohammad Shallah (born January 1, 1958) in Sajaya, Gaza Strip has Palestinian citizenship and is one of the founders and currently (since 1995) the Secretary-General of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, deemed by the United States federal government... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... Fathi Shaqaqi, alternatively spelled Fathi Shqaqi or Fathi Shiqaqi, (1951-1995) was a Palestinian doctor who founded and led the Palestinian Islamic Jihad organisation and the initiator of suicide bombings. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Palestine. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

1920 Palestine riots
1921 Jaffa riots
1929 Palestine riots
1929 Hebron massacre
1936–1939 Arab revolt
1930s Irgun attacks
1947 Jerusalem riots
1948 Arab-Israeli War
· 1948 war massacres
· 1948 Deir Yassin massacre
· 1948 Hadassah convoy massacre
· 1948 Palestinian exodus
1948-1967 Jewish exodus from Arab lands
1948-1967 Terrorist attacks against Israel
1953-1955 Unit 101
Samu Incident 1966
1967 Six Day War
1968 Battle of Karameh
1969-1970 War of Attrition
1970 Avivim school bus massacre
1972 Munich Olympics massacre'
· 1972 Operation Wrath of God
· 1973 Operation Spring of Youth
1974 Maalot massacre
1975 Savoy Hotel attack
1975 Zion Square bombing
1976 Operation Entebbe
1978 Coastal Road massacre
1978 Operation Litani
1982 Lebanon War
· 1982 Siege of Beirut
· 1982 Sabra and Shatila massacre
1985 Operation Wooden Leg
1987–1990 Intifada
· 1988 Tunis Raid
· 1989 Bus 405 massacre
Palestinian Islamic Jihad suicide attacks
Hamas suicide attacks
1994 Cave of the Patriarchs massacre
1996 Bus 18 massacres
2000–present Al-Aqsa Intifada
· Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade suicide attacks
· Massacres during Al-Aqsa Intifada
· Assassinations during Al-Aqsa Intifada
· 2001 Dolphinarium massacre
· 2001 Sbarro massacre
· 2002 Passover massacre
· 2002 Operation Defensive Shield
· 2002 Battle of Jenin
· 2003 Bus 2 massacre
· 2003 Maxim restaurant massacre
2004 Israel-Gaza conflict
· Operation Rainbow
· Operation Days of Penitence
2006 Israel-Gaza conflict
· Beit Hanoun November 2006 incident
2007 Israeli-Palestinian conflict This article describes violent events in the Old City of Jerusalem from April 4-7, 1920. ... On May 1, 1921, a scuffle began in Tel Aviv-Jaffa between rival groups of Jewish Bolsheviks, carrying Yiddish banners demanding Soviet Palestine, and Socialists parading on May Day. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Hebron massacre of 1929 was the murder by Arab rioters of 67 Jews in Hebron, then part of the Palestine under the British mandate. ... The 1936-1939 Arab revolt in Palestine was an uprising during the British mandate by Palestinian Arabs in Palestine which lasted from 1936 to 1939. ... During the Great Uprising (1936-1939) of the Arabs in Palestine, in which more than 320 Jews were killed by Arab attacks, the Irgun carried out sixty retaliatory attacks against Arabs, reflecting its worldview that political violence and terrorism were legitimate tools in the Jewish national struggle for the Land... The 1947 Jerusalem Riots occurred following the 1947 UN Partition Plan. ... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Transjordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Holy War Army, Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori, Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Hasan Salama, Fawzi Al-Qawuqji Strength Israel: 29,677 initially rising to 115,000 by March 1949 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising... This is a list of massacres committed during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. ... The Deir Yassin massacre (Deir Yassin is also transliterated from Arabic as Dayr Yasin and frequently (mis)transliterated from Hebrew writings as Dir Yassin) refers to the killing of scores of Arab civilians at the village of Deir Yassin just east of Jerusalem in Palestine by Jewish irregular forces between... The Hadassah medical convoy massacre was an event that took place during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, on April 13, 1948, when a Jewish medical convoy was attacked by Arab forces. ... Palestinian refugees in 1948 The Palestinian exodus (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù‡Ø¬Ø±Ø© Ø§Ù„ÙÙ„Ø³Ø·ÙŠÙ†ÙŠØ© al-Hijra al-Filasteeniya) refers to the refugee flight of Palestinian Arabs during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. ... The Jewish exodus from Arab lands refers to the 20th century emigration and expulsion of Jews, primarily of Sephardi and Mizrahi background, from majority Arab lands. ... Approximately 2,100 Jews living in Mandate Palestine are known to have been killed in political violence from 1920 up until the establishment of the modern State of Israel in 1948. ... Unit 101 was an Israeli special operations unit founded and led by Ariel Sharon on orders from Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion in August 1953. ... Combatants Israel Defense Forces Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Commanders Yoav Shalam Levi Eshkol Bahjat al-Muhsin Hussein I bin Talal Strength 400 troops 40 half-tracks 10 tanks 100 troops 20 convoy vehicles Casualties 1 killed 10 wounded 16 Jordanian Armed Forces killed 54 Jordanian Armed forces wounded 15 vehicles... (Redirected from 1967 Six Day War) The 1967 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the Six-Day War or June War, was fought between Israel and its Arab neighbors Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. ... The Battle of Karameh was one of the main events in the history of the Palestinian national movement. ... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic: â€Ž; or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a political and paramilitary organization regarded by the Arab League since October 1974 as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. ... An ambush attack known as the Avivim school bus massacre took place on May 8, 1970 near Avivim, an agricultural community in Israel founded in 1963 by Moroccan immigrants. ... One of the Black September terrorists on the balcony of the Israeli team quarters at the Olympic village The Munich massacre occurred during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, when members of the Israeli Olympic team were taken hostage by the Palestinian organization Black September, a militant group... The operation was ordered in response to the massacre of 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics. ... Operation Spring of Youth took place on the night of April 9 and early morning of April 10, 1973. ... The Maalot massacre was a school massacre in Maalot, Israel, that occurred on May 15, 1974. ... The Savoy Operation was a terrorist act masterminded by Abu Jihad On the night of March 4th, 1975, at 11:00 PM eight terrorists in two teams landed by boat on the Tel-Aviv beach. ... On February 4, 1948, as the conflict over the coming partition of Palestine grew, three car bombs arranged by Arab irregulars exploded on Ben Yehuda Street, a main avenue in Jewish Jerusalem, killing 52 Jewish civilians and leaving 123 injured. ... Combatants Israel PFLP RevolutionÃ¤re Zellen Uganda Commanders Yonatan Netanyahuâ€ Wadie Haddad Wilfried BÃ¶se Idi Amin Strength 29 Commandos Unknown Casualties Yonatan Netanyahu killed three hostages killed five commandos wounded 6 hijackers killed 45 Ugandan soldiers killed Operation Entebbe, also known as the Entebbe incident and sometimes the Entebbe... Charred remains of the hijacked bus Front end remains of the hijacked bus The Coastal Road Massacre is the name by which a Palestinian terrorist attack on an Israeli coastal-road bus is known. ... Operation Litani was the official name of the Israel Defense Forces 1978 invasion of Lebanon up to the Litani river. ... Combatants Israel Phalange South Lebanon Army Amal PLO Syria Commanders Menachem Begin (Prime Minister) Ariel Sharon, (Ministry of Defence) Rafael Eitan, (CoS) Yasser Arafat Strength 76,000 37,000 Casualties 670 9,800 The 1982 Lebanon War (Hebrew: , Milkhemet Levanon, Milkhemet Levanon, Arabic: â€Ž), called by Israel the Operation Peace of... Combatants Israel Defense Forces Palestinian Liberation Organization Commanders Ariel Sharon Yasir Arafat Strength 30,000 15,000 Casualties 368 soldiers killed, 2,383 wounded 1000 PLO guerillas killed, 6000 captured. ... Combatants Lebanese Phalangist No combatants Commanders Elie Hobeika No commander Strength 150 irregulars Unarmed civilian population Casualties 2 700 - 3,500 civilians The Sabra and Shatila massacre (or Sabra and Chatila massacre; Arabic: ØµØ¨Ø±Ø§ ÙˆØ´Ø§ØªÙŠÙ„Ø§) was carried out in September 1982 by Lebanese Maronite Christian militias against refugee camps. ... Operation Wooden Leg was the October 1, 1985 Israeli Air Force raid on the Palestinian Liberation Organizations headquarters in Tunis, Tunisia. ... The First Intifada, or Palestinian uprising refers to a series of violent incidents between Palestinians and Israelis between 1987 and approximately 1990. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Abu_Jihad#Assassination. ... The Tel Aviv-Jerusalem bus 405 massacre occurred on July 6, 1989. ... The US media do not report that the Israeli defense force had killed 82 Palestinian Children before there was a single suicide attack in the current Intifada, beginning in 2000. ... It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: NPOV: similar articles on one-sided violence committed by Israelis have been deleted for being NPOV fork. ... The facade and minarets of the Cave of the Patriarchs. ... Jerusalem bus 18 massacres refer to two consecutive suicide attacks made by Hamas suicide bombers in Jerusalem in 1996. ... For other uses, see al-Aqsa (disambiguation). ... List of suicide attacks carried out by Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades The criteria used for this list: deliberate attacks committed by Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades suicide bombers against civilians. ... List of massacres committed during the al-Aqsa Intifada This is all wrong info ... The following is a list of assassinations known or believed to have been conducted by Israel. ... The Dolphinarium Massacre was a suicide bombing carried out by a Hamas militant in a discotheque near the dolphinarium in Tel-Aviv, Israel on June 1, 2001. ... The Sbarro restaurant suicide bombing took place on August 9, 2001 in Jerusalem, Israel. ... The Netanya suicide attack (also known as the Netanya bombing and the Passover massacre) was a Palestinian suicide bombing in Park Hotel at Netanya on March 27, 2002. ... Operation Defensive Shield (In Hebrew, ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×—×•×ž×ª ×ž×’×Ÿ) was a large-scale military operation conducted by the Israeli Defence Forces in April 2002. ... Combatants Israel Defense Forces Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Fatah, Tanzim, Hamas Commanders Yedidia Yehuda [5] Mahmoud Tawallbeâ€ Strength 1,000 200-250 Casualties 23 soldiers killed 52 killed (38 armed men, 14 civilians according to IDF; 30 militants, 22 civilians according to HRW) 685 persons arrested (mostly... The Jerusalem bus 2 massacre was a suicide bombing in a crowded bus in Jerusalem, Israel on August 19, 2003, which killed 23 people and wounded over 130. ... The Maxim restaurant suicide bombing occurred on October 4, 2003, when a 28-year-old Palestinian terrorist, female suicide bomber Hanadi Jaradat, exploded inside the Maxim restaurant in Haifa. ... The 2004 Israel-Gaza conflict refers to the series of battles between Palestinian militants and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). ... Operation Rainbow (In Hebrew, ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×§×©×ª ×‘×¢× ×Ÿ) is a controversial military operation which began on May 18, 2004 in the Gaza Strip. ... Combatants Israel Defense Forces Hamas Casualties 5 killed (3 Of them civilians) 104 - 133 killed (42 of them civilians) Operation Days of Penitence (In Hebrew, ×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×™×ž×™ ×ª×©×•×‘×”) was the name used by Israel to describe an Israel Defense Forces operation in the northern Gaza Strip, conducted between September 30, 2004 and October... Combatants Israel Defense Forces (Israeli Security Forces) Hamas Fatah (al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades), Popular Resistance Committees Palestinian Islamic Jihad Palestinian Army of Islam Commanders Dan Halutz (Chief of Staff) Yoav Galant (Regional) Khaled Mashal (Leader of Hamas[1])Mohammed Deif (Leader of Hamas military wing) Strength 3,000 unknown possibly... The November 2006 Beit Hanoun incident occurred on 8 November 2006 when the Israel Defense Forces, responding to Qassam rockets fired by Palestinian militants at Israeli towns shelled the Gaza Strip town of Beit Hanoun, killing 20 Palestinians and wounding more than 40. ... Combatants Israel (Israel Defense Forces) Hamas Popular Resistance Committees Palestinian Islamic Jihad Commanders Gabi Ashkenazi Khaled Meshaal Casualties 2 wounded 30 killed, 33 captured Palestinian civilians: 12 killed Israeli civilians: 2 killed Casualties source: Reuters The 2007 Israeli-Palestinian conflict refers to a series of battles between Palestinian militants and...

1991 Madrid Conference
1993 Oslo Accords
1997 Hebron Agreement
1998 Wye River Memorandum
1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum
2000 Camp David Summit
2001 Taba Summit
2002 Road map for peace
2005 Israel's unilateral disengagement plan
The Madrid Conference was hosted by the government of Spain and co-sponsored by the USA and the USSR. It convened on October 30, 1991 and lasted for three days. ... Yitzhak Rabin, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat during the Oslo Accords on September 13, 1993. ... Protocol Concerning the Redeployment in Hebron, also known as The Hebron Protocol or Hebron Agreement, began January 7 and was concluded from January 15 to January 17, 1997 between Israel, represented by Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu, and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), represented by PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat... The Wye River Memorandum was a political agreement negotiated to implement the earlier Interim Agreement of 28 September, 1995 brokered by the United States between Israel and the Palestine Authority completed on October 23, 1998. ... The Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum, full name: The Sharm el Sheikh Memorandum on Implementation Timeline of Outstanding Commitments of Agreements Signed and the Resumption of Permanent Status Negotiations was a memorandum signed on September 4, 1999 by Prime Minister of Israel Ehud Barak and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat at Sharm... The Middle East Peace Summit at Camp David of July 2000 took place between United States President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Palestinian Authority Chairman Yasser Arafat. ... The Taba summit (or: Taba Summit; Taba Talks; Taba Conference; Taba), also known as the permanent status talks at Taba between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, held from January 21 to January 27, 2001 at Taba in the Sinai peninsula, were peace talks aimed at reaching the final status negotiations... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Contents

Plan description GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Chronology

Political

Public reaction

The disengagement itself

Criticisms

Anti-withdrawal criticism

Aftermath

Pro-withdrawal criticism

Positions of foreign governments

U.S. government position

European Union position

United Nations position

Public opinion about the plan

Palestinian opinions

Israeli opinions

American opinions

Bedouin

Subsequent status of diplomacy

Gaza Strip situation following Israeli withdrawal

References

See also

External links

Official documents

News reports

Commentary

Plan description