Istiklal Avenue (İstiklal Caddesi in Turkish), is one of the most famous avenues in Istanbul, Turkey. Located in the Beyoglu neighborhood of Istanbul, it is a gallant pedestrian street, approximately 3 km long, that houses tens of exquisite boutiques, music and bookstores, art galleries, cinemas, theaters, cafés, bars, libraries, pubs, coffeehouses, historical patisseries, chocolateries, technological centers, and restaurants, all of which are seamlessly integrated into the elegant 19th century Turkish architecture. This nostalgic avenue starts from the historic neighbourhood around the Galata Tower and leads up to Taksim Square, while taking the individual through a dream-like trip through its unique historical complexion. from my personal archive File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... from my personal archive File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Shows the Location of the Province Istanbul The Sultan Ahmed Mosque, Istanbul Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul) (a Turkish contraction of Greek εις την πολιν into the city, the former Constantinople, Κωνσταντινούπολις) is the largest city in Turkey, and arguably the most important. ... once the most popular area of Istanbul for nightlife some areas of bayoglu have now something of a seedy reputation. ... Coffeehouse in Damascus A coffeehouse, coffee shop, or café shares some of the characteristics of a bar, and some of the characteristics of a restaurant. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Galata Tower The Galata Tower (Turkish: Galata Kulesi) is located in Istanbul in Turkey to the north of the Golden Horn. ... Cumhuriyet Aniti located in the middle of Taksim Square Taksim Square (Turkish: Taksim Meydanı) situated in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey, is a major shopping, tourist and leisure district famed for its restaurants, shops and hotels. ...

The Galatasaray Square is at approximately halfway through the Avenue and houses one of the finest educational institutions established in Turkey at the time of the Ottoman Empire; formerly "Mekteb-i Sultani" ("the school of Sultans"), today Galatasaray Lisesi. Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Bursa (1335 - 1365), Edirne (1365-1453), İstanbul (Constantinople) (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40... Galatasaray Lisesi (Mekteb-i Sultani, or School of the Sultans), established in 1481 by Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II, is the most prestigious public high school in Istanbul - Turkey. ... Galatasaray Lisesi is one of the most famous high schools in Turkey, located in Istanbul. ...

In the historic Karaköy district that is located towards the end of the Avenue, it is possible to see the world's second-oldest subway, today generally known and referred to as simply Tünel ("The Tunnel"). Moreover, German High School of Istanbul (Deutsche Schule Istanbul in German and Özel Alman Lisesi in Turkish), one of the best high schools in the nation like Galatasaray Lisesi, is located in Tünel. The Tünel is a short subway line in Istanbul, Turkey. ... Deutsche Schule Istanbul, also known as Özel Alman Lisesi (German High School Istanbul, in English) is one of the most prestiges high schools in Turkey. ... Deutsche Schule Istanbul, also known as Özel Alman Lisesi (German High School Istanbul, in English) is one of the most prestiges high schools in Turkey. ... Galatasaray Lisesi is one of the most famous high schools in Turkey, located in Istanbul. ...

Nostalgic tram passing through Istiklal Caddesi

The cosmopolitan Avenue also houses an array of historical and politically significant buildings, such as the Çiçek Pasajı ("The Flower Courtyard", where small, intimate restaurants and taverns are found), Balık Pazarı ("The Fish Bazaar"), the St. Antoine, Santa Maria and the Armenian Churches (among many others), several sinagouges, a mosque, academic institutions established by various European nations such as Germany, Italy, Austria, and France in the early 19th century, consulates of several nations including France, Greece, Sweden, Armenia, Russia, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and, United Kingdom. from my personal archive File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... from my personal archive File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...

During the reign of the Ottoman Empire, the street was called Cadde-i Kebir ("Grand Avenue") and became a center for European foreigners, Levantines (who referred to the Avenue as "Grande Rue de Péra"), Ottoman intellectuals and western culture admirers during the reforms in the 19th century. When 19th-century travelers referred to Constantinople (today, Istanbul) as "The Paris of the East", they were thinking of the Grande Rue de Péra (Istiklal Caddesi) and its half-European, half-Asian culture. With the declaration of the Republic on October 29, 1923, the street's name was changed to Istiklal, meaning "independence", to commemorate the triumphal Turkish War of Independence. (see Atatürk) Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Bursa (1335 - 1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Ä°stanbul (Constantinople) (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40... A satellite composite image of Europe // Etymology Picture of Europa, carried away by bull-shaped Zeus. ... The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in Southwest Asia south of the Taurus Mountains, bounded by the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and in the east, the north Arabian Desert and Mesopotamia. ... Map of Constantinople. ... October 29 is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 63 days remaining. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Turkish War of Independence (Turkish: KurtuluÅŸ Savaşı) is a part of the History of Turkey that spans from the defeat of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies in World War I to the declaration of the Republic of Turkey on October 29, 1923. ... Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–November 10, 1938), Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and anti-imperialist statesman, was the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. ...

See also: List of upscale shopping districts This page discusses important shopping streets or districts by city. ...

External links

• Pictures of Istiklal Avenue